HomeMy WebLinkAboutPA2022-0262_20221107_Construction Pollution Prevention Plan Report dated 10-21-22CONSTRUCTION POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN
for
Edgewater Avenue
APN: 048-102-08, 048-106-04
Legally Responsible Person (LRP) & Approved Signatory:
Bob Jacob
215 E. Edgewater Avenue
Newport Beach, CA 92661
LRP: Bob Jacob
P: 949-863-2129
Prepared for:
Bob Jacob
215 E. Edgewater Avenue
Newport Beach, CA 92661
Project Address:
215 E. Edgewater Avenue
Newport Beach, California 92661
CPPP Prepared by
Thienes Engineering, Inc.
14349 Firestone Blvd.
La Mirada, CA 90638
Reinhard Stenzel, PE, QSD
(714) 521-4811
JOB NO. 3886
CPPP Preparation Date
10/21/2022
Estimated Project Dates:
Start of Construction
12/01/2022
Completion of Construction
06/01/2023
WDID # N/A
Thienes Engineering, Inc.
CIVIL ENGINEERING LAND SURVEYING
PA2022-0262
Edgewater Avenue CPPP October 2022
Table of Contents
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................
Qualified SWPPP Developer ..........................................................................................................
Legally Responsible Person ............................................................................................................
Amendment Log ..............................................................................................................................
Section 1 CPPP Requirements..................................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................1
1.2 Permit Registration Documents.......................................................................................1
1.3 CPPP Availability and Implementation...........................................................................2
1.4 CPPP Amendments..........................................................................................................2
1.5 Retention of Records .......................................................................................................3
1.6 Required Non-Compliance Reporting.............................................................................3
1.7 Annual Report..................................................................................................................4
1.8 Changes to Permit Coverage ...........................................................................................4
1.9 Notice of Termination......................................................................................................4
Section 2 Project Information...................................................................................................5
2.1 Project and Site Description ............................................................................................5
2.1.1 Site Description ...........................................................................................................5
2.1.2 Existing Conditions .....................................................................................................5
2.1.3 Existing Drainage ........................................................................................................5
2.1.4 Geology and Groundwater...........................................................................................6
2.1.5 Project Description ......................................................................................................6
2.1.6 Developed Condition...................................................................................................6
2.2 Permits and Governing Documents.................................................................................7
2.3 Stormwater Run-On from Offsite Areas..........................................................................7
2.4 Findings of the Construction Site Sediment and Receiving Water Risk Determination.7
2.5 Construction Schedule.....................................................................................................9
2.6 Potential Construction Activity and Pollutant Sources ...................................................9
2.7 Identification of Non-Stormwater Discharges.................................................................9
2.8 Required Site Map Information.....................................................................................10
Section 3 Best Management Practices....................................................................................12
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3.1 Schedule for BMP Implementation...............................................................................12
3.2 Erosion and Sediment Control.......................................................................................12
3.2.1 Erosion Control..........................................................................................................12
3.2.2 Sediment Controls .....................................................................................................16
3.3 Non-Stormwater Controls and Waste and Materials Management...............................18
3.3.1 Non-Stormwater Controls..........................................................................................18
3.3.2 Materials Management and Waste Management.......................................................23
3.4 Post construction Stormwater Management Measures..................................................26
Section 4 BMP Inspection, Maintenance ...............................................................................27
4.1 BMP Inspection and Maintenance.................................................................................27
Section 5 Training....................................................................................................................29
Section 6 Responsible Parties and Operators........................................................................30
6.1 Responsible Parties........................................................................................................30
Section 7 Construction Site Monitoring Program (CSMP)..................................................31
7.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................................31
7.2 Applicability of Permit Requirements.......................................................................31
7.3. Weather and Rain Event Tracking.............................................................................31
7.4 Monitoring Locations ................................................................................................32
7.5 Safety and Monitoring Exemptions...........................................................................32
7.6 Visual Monitoring......................................................................................................33
7.7 Water Quality Sampling and Analysis ......................................................................37
7.8 Active Treatment System Monitoring.......................................................................57
7.9 Bioassessment Monitoring.........................................................................................57
7.10 Watershed Monitoring Option...................................................................................57
7.11 Quality Assurance and Quality Control.....................................................................57
7.12 Records Retention......................................................................................................60
CSMP Attachment 1: Weather Reports.................................................................................61
CSMP Attachment 2: Monitoring Records............................................................................62
CSMP Attachment 3: Example Forms ...................................................................................63
CSMP Attachment 4: Field Meter Instructions.....................................................................70
CSMP Attachment 5: Supplemental Information.................................................................71
Section 8 References.................................................................................................................72
Appendix A: Site Maps...............................................................................................................
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Appendix B: CPPP Amendment Certifications.........................................................................
Appendix C: Construction Schedule..........................................................................................
Appendix D: BMP Inspection Form..........................................................................................
Appendix E: Training Reporting Form .....................................................................................
Appendix F: Responsible Parties................................................................................................
Appendix G: Construction Activities, Materials Used, and Associated Pollutants ..................
Appendix H: CASQA Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal: Construction Fact Sheets...........
Appendix I: Construction General Permit ...............................................................................
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Edgewater Avenue CPPP October 2022
Qualified SWPPP Developer
Approval and Certification of the Construction Pollution Prevention Plan
Project Name:Edgewater Avenue
Project Number/ID TEI JN: 3886
“This Construction Pollution Prevention Plan and Attachments were prepared under my direction to
meet the requirements of the California Construction General Permit (SWRCB Orders No. 2009-009-
DWQ as amended by Order 2010-0014-DWQ and Order 2012-0006-DWQ). I certify that I am a
Qualified SWPPP Developer in good standing as of the date signed below.”
10/21/2022
QSD Signature
Reinhard Stenzel
Date
#C56155
QSD Name
Director of Engineering
QSD Certificate Number
714 521-4811
Title and Affiliation
reinhard@thieneseng.com
Telephone Number
Email
PA2022-0262
Edgewater Avenue CPPP October 2022
Legally Responsible Person
Approval and Certification of the Construction Pollution Prevention Plan
Project Name:Edgewater Avenue
Project Number/ID TEI JN: 3886
“I certify under penalty of law that this document and all Attachments were prepared under my
direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel
properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons
who manage the system or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, to the best
of my knowledge and belief, the information submitted is, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware
that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine
and imprisonment for knowing violations."
Bob Jacob
Legally Responsible Entity
Signature of Legally Responsible Person or Approved
Signatory
Date
Bob Jacob
Name of Legally Responsible Person or Approved
Signatory
Telephone Number
PA2022-0262
Edgewater Avenue CPPP October 2022
Amendment Log
Project Name:Edgewater Avenue
Project Number/ID TEI JN: 3886
Amendment
No.Date Brief Description of Amendment, include
section and page number
Prepared and Approved
By
Name:
QSD#
Name:
QSD#
Name:
QSD#
Name:
QSD#
Name:
QSD#
Name:
QSD#
Name:
QSD#
Name:
QSD#
Name:
QSD#
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Edgewater Avenue CPPP 1 October 2022
Section 1 CPPP Requirements
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Edgewater Avenue project comprises approximately 0.04 acres and is located at 215 E.
Edgewater Avenue in the city of Newport Beach, California. The property is owned and
developed by Bob jacob. The project is location is shown on the Site Map in Appendix B.
This Construction Pollution Prevention Plan (CPPP) is designed to comply with California’s
General Permit for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Construction and Land Disturbance
Activities (General Permit) Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ as amended in 2010 and 2012 (NPDES
No. CAS000002) issued by the State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board). This
CPPP has been prepared following the CPPP Template provided on the California Stormwater
Quality Association Stormwater Best Management Practice Handbook Portal: Construction
(CASQA, 2019). In accordance with the General Permit, Section XIV, this CPPP is designed to
address the following:
Pollutants and their sources, including sources of sediment associated with construction,
construction site erosion and other activities associated with construction activity are
controlled;
Where not otherwise required to be under a Regional Water Quality Control Board
(Regional Water Board) permit, all non-stormwater discharges are identified and either
eliminated, controlled, or treated;
Site BMPs are effective and result in the reduction or elimination of pollutants in
stormwater discharges and authorized non-stormwater discharges from construction
activity to the Best Available Technology/Best Control Technology (BAT/BCT)
standard;
Calculations, the design details, including those for the Best Management Practice (BMP)
controls are complete and correct. More information is outlined throughout the report and
Appendix A and Appendix B.
Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) is required for Risk Level 2 and Risk Level 3 projects. See
Section 4 and Appendix J for REAP instructions.
1.2 PERMIT REGISTRATION DOCUMENTS
Required Permit Registration Documents (PRDs) shall be submitted to the State Water Board via
the Stormwater Multi Application and Report Tracking System (SMARTS) by the Legally
Responsible Person (LRP), or authorized personnel (i.e., Approved Signatory) under the
direction of the LRP. The project-specific PRDs include:
1. Notice of Intent (NOI);
2. Risk Assessment (Construction Site Sediment and Receiving Water Risk Determination);
3. Site Map;
4. Annual Fee;
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5. Signed Certification Statement (LRP Certification is provided electronically with
SMARTS PRD submittal); and
6. CPPP.
Site Maps can be found in Appendix B. A copy of the submitted PRDs shall also be kept in
Appendix C along with the Waste Discharge Identification (WDID) confirmation.
1.3 CPPP AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION
The discharger shall make the CPPP available at the construction site during working hours (see
Section 7.5 of CSMP for working hours) while construction is occurring and shall be made
available upon request by a State or Municipal inspector. When the original CPPP is retained by
a crewmember in a construction vehicle and is not currently at the construction site, current
copies of the BMPs and map/drawing will be left with the field crew and the original CPPP shall
be made available via a request by radio/telephone. (CGP Section XIV.C)
The CPPP shall be implemented concurrently with the start of ground disturbing activities.
1.4 CPPP AMENDMENTS
The CPPP should be revised when:
If there is a General Permit violation.
When there is a reduction or increase in total disturbed acreage (General Permit Section
II Part C).
BMPs do not meet the objectives of reducing or eliminating pollutants in stormwater
discharges.
Additionally, the CPPP shall be amended when:
There is a change in construction or operations which may affect the discharge of
pollutants to surface waters, groundwater(s), or a municipal separate storm sewer system
(MS4);
When there is a change in the project duration that changes the project’s risk level; or
When deemed necessary by the QSD. The QSD has determined that the changes listed in
Table 1.1 can be field determined by the QSP. All other changes shall be made by the
QSD as formal amendments to the CPPP.
The following items shall be included in each amendment:
The location of proposed change;
The reason for change;
The original BMP proposed, if any; and
The new BMP proposed.
Amendment shall be logged at the front of the CPPP and certification kept in Appendix D. The
CPPP text shall be revised replaced, and/or hand annotated as necessary to properly convey the
amendment. CPPP amendments must be made by a QSD. The following changes have been
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designated by the QSD as "to be field determined” and constitute minor changes that the QSP
may implement based on field conditions.
Table 1.1 List of Changes to be Field Determined
Candidate changes for field location or
determination by QSP(1)
Check changes that can be field located
or field determined by QSP
Increase quantity of an Erosion or Sediment Control
Measure X
Relocate/Add stockpiles or stored materials X
Relocate or add toilets X
Relocate vehicle storage and/or fueling locations X
Relocate areas for waste storage X
Relocate water storage and/or water transfer location X
Changes to access points (entrance/exits)X
Change type of Erosion or Sediment Control Measure
Changes to location of erosion or sediment control
Minor changes to schedule or phases X
Changes in construction materials
(1) Any field changes not identified for field location or field determination by QSP must be approved
by QSD
1.5 RETENTION OF RECORDS
Paper or electronic records of documents required by this CPPP shall be retained for a minimum
of three years from the date generated or date submitted, whichever is later, for the following
items:
CPPP document
CPPP inspection reports
These records shall be available at the Site until construction is complete. Records assisting in
the determination of compliance with the General Permit shall be made available within a
reasonable time, to the Regional Water Board, State Water Board or U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) upon request. Requests by the Regional Water Board for retention of
records for a period longer than three years shall be adhered to.
1.6 REQUIRED NON-COMPLIANCE REPORTING
If a General Permit discharge violation occurs the QSP shall immediately notify the LRP. The
LRP shall include information on the violation with the Annual Report. Corrective measures
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will be implemented immediately following identification of the discharge or written notice of
non-compliance from the Regional Water Board. Discharges and corrective actions must be
documented and include the following items:
The date, time, location, nature of operation and type of unauthorized discharge.
The cause or nature of the notice or order.
The control measures (BMPs) deployed before the discharge event, or prior to receiving
notice or order.
The date of deployment and type of control measures (BMPs) deployed after the
discharge event, or after receiving the notice or order, including additional measures
installed or planned to reduce or prevent re-occurrence.
Reporting requirements for Numeric Action Levels (NALs) exceedances are discussed in Section
7.7.2.7.
1.7 ANNUAL REPORT
The General Permit requires that permittees prepare, certify, and electronically submit an Annual
Report no later than September 1st of each year. Reporting requirements are identified in Section
XVI of the General Permit. Annual reports will be filed in SMARTS and in accordance with
information required by the online forms.
1.8 CHANGES TO PERMIT COVERAGE
The General Permit allows for the reduction or increase of the total acreage covered under the
General Permit when: a portion of the project is complete and/or conditions for termination of
coverage have been met; when ownership of a portion of the project is purchased by a different
entity; or when new acreage is added to the project.
Modified PRDs shall be filed electronically within 30 days of a reduction or increase in total
disturbed area if a change in permit covered acreage is to be sought. The CPPP shall be modified
appropriately, shall be logged at the front of the CPPP and cetrification of CPPP amendments are
to be kept in Appendix D. Updated PRDs submitted electronically via SMARTS can be found in
Appendix E.
1.9 NOTICE OF TERMINATION
A Notice of Termination (NOT) must be submitted electronically by the LRP via SMARTS to
terminate coverage under the General Permit. The NOT must include a final Site Map and
representative photographs of the project site that demonstrate final stabilization has been
achieved. The NOT shall be submitted within 90 days of completion of construction. The
Regional Water Board will consider a construction site complete when the conditions of the
General Permit, Section II.D have been met.
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Section 2 Project Information
2.1 PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTION
2.1.1 Site Description
The Edgewater Avenue project comprises approximately 0.04 acres and is located at 215 E.
Edgewater Avenue in the city of Newport Beach, California. The project site is located 0.78 mi.
south of State Route highway 1 and .29 mi North of Pacific Ocean. The project is located at
33°36'19.18"N and 117°54'12.31"W and is identified on the Site Map in Appendix B.
2.1.2 Existing Conditions
The project site currently consists of a two-story residential house.
There are no known current sources of contaminants, as of the date of this CPPP. If hazardous soil
conditions are encountered during soil disturbance activities, Hazardous Waste Management
BMPs (WM-6) be implemented as described in the latest CASQA BMP Handbook, which is
included in Appendix L of this CPPP are no known historic sources of contamination included at
the site.
2.1.3 Existing Drainage
There are trench drains along the westerly property line that prevent runoff from westerly
properties from entering the site. The site currently drains southerly to an existing alleyway.
Flows are conveyed easterly to Coronado Street and are collected in a catch basin located at the
end of Coronado Street
The project discharges to the Newport bay- Frontal Pacific Ocean. The following waterbodies
are listed for water quality impairment on the most recent 303(d)-list for:
Newport Bay, Lower: Chlordane, Copper, DDT, Indicator Bacteria, Nutrients, PCBs,
Toxicity
Newport Bay, Upper: Chlordane, Copper, DDT, Indicator Bacteria, Malathion, Nutrients,
PCBs, Sedimentation/Siltation, Toxicity
Pacific Ocean: None
2.1.4 Geology and Groundwater
The project site is located approximately 29 feet above sea level.
The Hydrologic Soil Group for the Site is A which consists of sands or gravelly sands with a high
rate of water transmission per Orange County Hydrology Manual. The presence of Groundwater
is not known.
2.1.5 Project Description
Proposed improvements include a remodel of the existing residence.
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2.1.6 Developed Condition
Under proposed conditions, runoff will continue draining southerly to the existing alleyway See
Appendix B for proposed condition hydrology map.
Table 2.1 Construction Site Estimates
Construction site area 0.04 acres
Percent impervious before construction 99 %
Runoff coefficient before construction 0.7
Percent impervious after construction 99 %
Runoff coefficient after construction 0.7
2.2 PERMITS AND GOVERNING DOCUMENTS
In addition to the General Permit, the following documents have been taken into account while
preparing this CPPP
Regional Water Board requirements
Basin Plan requirements
Contract Documents
Air Quality Regulations and Permits
Federal Endangered Species Act
National Historic Preservation Act/Requirements of the State Historic Preservation
Office
State of California Endangered Species Act
Clean Water Act Section 401 Water Quality Certifications and 404 Permits
CA Department of Fish and Game 1600 Streambed Alteration Agreement
2.3 STORMWATER RUN-ON FROM OFFSITE AREAS
There’s Runoff from westerly properties
2.4 FINDINGS OF THE CONSTRUCTION SITE SEDIMENT AND
RECEIVING WATER RISK DETERMINATION
A construction site risk assessment has been performed for the project and the resultant risk level
is Risk Level 2.
The risk level was determined through the use of the SMARTS website (K and LS values are
generated from the “Risk” tab). The risk level is based on project duration, location, proximity to
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impaired receiving waters and soil conditions. A copy of the Risk Level determination submitted
on SMARTS with the PRDs is included in Appendix C.
Table 2.2 and Table 2.3 summarize the sediment and receiving water risk factors and document
the sources of information used to derive the factors.
Table 2.2 Summary of Sediment Risk
RUSLE
Factor Value Method for establishing value
R 72.14 Construction Rainfall Erosivity Waiver (See Appendix A)
K 0.32 SMARTS website (See Appendix A)
LS 0.596 SMARTS website (See Appendix A)
Total Predicted Sediment Loss (tons/acre)13.759
Overall Sediment Risk
Low Sediment Risk < 15 tons/ acre
Medium Sediment Risk >= 15 and < 75 tons/acre
High Sediment Risk >= 75 tons/acre
Low
Medium
High
Runoff from the project site ultimately discharges into Newport bay- Frontal Pacific Ocean.
Table 2.3 Summary of Receiving Water Risk
Receiving Water Name
303(d) Listed for
Sediment Related
Pollutant(1)
TMDL for Sediment
Related Pollutant(1)
Beneficial Uses of
COLD, SPAWN, and
MIGRATORY(1)
Newport bay- Frontal
Pacific Ocean Yes No Yes No Yes No
Overall Receiving Water Risk Low
High
(1) If yes is selected for any option the Receiving Water Risk is High
Risk Level 2 sites are subject to both the narrative effluent limitations and numeric effluent
standards. The narrative effluent limitations require stormwater discharges associated with
construction activity to minimize or prevent pollutants in stormwater and authorized non-
stormwater through the use of controls, structures and best management practices. Discharges
from Risk Level 2 site are subject to NALs for pH and turbidity shown in Table 2-4. This CPPP
has been prepared to address Risk Level 2 requirements (General Permit Attachment D).
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Table 2.4 Numeric Action Levels
Parameter Unit Numeric Action Level
Daily Average
pH pH units Lower NAL = 6.5
Upper NAL = 8.5
Turbidity NTU 250 NTU
2.5 CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
The site sediment risk was determined based on construction taking place between 12/01/2022
and 06/01/2023. Modification or extension of the schedule (start and end dates) may affect risk
determination and permit requirements. The LRP shall contact the QSD if the schedule changes
during construction to address potential impact to the CPPP. The estimated schedule for planned
work can be found in Appendix F.
2.6 POTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY AND POLLUTANT SOURCES
Appendix K includes a list of construction activities and associated materials that are anticipated
to be used onsite. These activities and associated materials will or could potentially contribute
pollutants, other than sediment, to stormwater runoff.
The anticipated activities and associated pollutants were used in Section 3 to select the Best
Management Practices for the project. Location of anticipated pollutants and associated BMPs
are show on the Site Map in Appendix B.
For sampling requirements for non-visible pollutants associated with construction activity please
refer to Section 7.7.1. For a full and complete list of onsite pollutants, refer to the Material
Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), which are retained onsite at the construction trailer.
2.7 IDENTIFICATION OF NON-STORMWATER DISCHARGES
Non-stormwater discharges consist of discharges which do not originate from precipitation
events. The General Permit provides allowances for specified non-stormwater discharges that do
not cause erosion or carry other pollutants.
Non-stormwater discharges into storm drainage systems or waterways, which are not authorized
under the General Permit and listed in the CPPP, or authorized under a separate NPDES permit,
are prohibited.
Non-stormwater discharges that are authorized from this project site include the following:
Fire Hydrant Test
Waterline Flushing
These authorized non-stormwater discharges will be managed with the stormwater and non-
stormwater BMPs described in Section 3 of this CPPP and will be minimized by the QSP.
Activities at this site that may result in unauthorized non-stormwater discharges include:
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Illicit Connection/Illegal Discharge
Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning
Vehicle and Equipment Fueling
Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance
Paving and Grinding Operations
Potable Water/Irrigation
Concrete Curing
Concrete Finishing
Steps will be taken, including the implementation of appropriate BMPs, to ensure that
unauthorized discharges are eliminated, controlled, disposed, or treated on-site.
Discharges of construction materials and wastes, such as fuel or paint, resulting from dumping,
spills, or direct contact with rainwater or stormwater runoff, are also prohibited.
2.8 REQUIRED SITE MAP INFORMATION
The construction project’s Site Map(s) showing the project location, surface water boundaries,
geographic features, construction site perimeter and general topography and other requirements
identified in Attachment B of the General Permit is located in Appendix B. Table 2.5 identifies
Map or Sheet Nos. where required elements are illustrated.
Table 2.5 Required Map Information
Included on
Map/Plan Sheet
No. (1)
Required Element
Vicinity Map The project’s surrounding area (vicinity)
Erosion Plan (2)Site layout
Erosion Plan (2)Construction site boundaries
Hydrology Map Drainage areas
Erosion Plan (2)Discharge locations
Erosion Plan (2)Sampling locations
Erosion Plan (2)Areas of soil disturbance (temporary or permanent)
Erosion Plan (2)Active areas of soil disturbance (cut or fill)
Erosion Plan (2)Locations of runoff BMPs
Erosion Plan (2)Locations of erosion control BMPs
Erosion Plan (2)Locations of sediment control BMPs
N/A ATS location (if applicable)
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Table 2.5 Required Map Information
Included on
Map/Plan Sheet
No. (1)
Required Element
Hydrology Map Locations of sensitive habitats, watercourses, or other features which are not to be
disturbed
BMP Site Map Locations of all post construction BMPs
Erosion Plan (2)Waste storage areas
Erosion Plan (2)Vehicle storage areas
Erosion Plan (2)Material storage areas
Erosion Plan (2)Entrance and Exits
Erosion Plan (2)Fueling Locations
Notes:
(1) Indicate maps or drawings that information is included on (e.g., Vicinity Map, Site Map, Drainage Plans,
Grading Plans, Progress Maps, etc.)
(2) Include the most current Erosion Plan to reflect the construction stage of the project (e.g., demolition, mass
grading, precise grading, etc.)
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Section 3 Best Management Practices
3.1 SCHEDULE FOR BMP IMPLEMENTATION
Table 3.1 BMP Implementation Schedule
BMP Implementation Duration
EC-1, Scheduling Start of Construction Entirety of Project
EC-3, Hydraulic Mulch
Use as necessary during
grading (for areas inactive
after 14 days)
Entirety of Project
ErosionControlEC-5, Soil Binders
Use as necessary during
grading (for areas inactive
after 14 days)
Entirety of Project
SE-5, Fiber Rolls Start of Construction Entirety of Project
SE-6, Gravel Bag Berm Start of Construction Entirety of Project
SE-7, Street Sweeping and
Vacuuming Start of Construction Entirety of Project
Sediment ControlSE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection Start of Construction Entirety of Project
Tracking ControlTC-1, Stablized Construction
Entrance/Exit Start of Construction Entirety of Project
Wind ErosionWE-1, Wind Erosion Control Start of Construction Entirety of Project
3.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL
Erosion and sediment controls are required by the General Permit to provide effective reduction
or elimination of sediment related pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non-
stormwater discharges from the Site. Applicable BMPs are identified in this section for erosion
control, sediment control, tracking control, and wind erosion control.
3.2.1 Erosion Control
Erosion control, also referred to as soil stabilization, consists of source control measures that are
designed to prevent soil particles from detaching and becoming transported in stormwater runoff.
Erosion control BMPs protect the soil surface by covering and/or binding soil particles.
This construction project will implement the following practices to provide effective temporary
and final erosion control during construction:
1. Preserve existing vegetation where required and when feasible.
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2. The area of soil disturbing operations shall be controlled such that the Contractor is able
to implement erosion control BMPs quickly and effectively.
3. Stabilize non-active areas within 14 days of cessation of construction activities or sooner
if stipulated by local requirements.
4. Control erosion in concentrated flow paths by applying erosion control blankets, check
dams, erosion control seeding or alternate methods.
5. Prior to the completion of construction, apply permanent erosion control to remaining
disturbed soil areas.
Sufficient erosion control materials shall be maintained onsite to allow implementation in
conformance with this CPPP.
The following temporary erosion control BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be
implemented to control erosion on the construction site. Fact Sheets for temporary erosion
control BMPs are provided in Appendix L.
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Table 3.2 Temporary Erosion Control BMPs
BMP UsedCASQA
Fact
Sheet
BMP Name
Meets a
Minimum
Requirement(1)YES NO
If not used, state reason
EC-1 Scheduling X
EC-2 Preservation of Existing
Vegetation X Little to no vegetation exists.
EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch (2)X
EC-4 Hydroseed (2)X N/A
EC-5 Soil Binders (2)X
EC-6 Straw Mulch (2)X N/A
EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats (2)X N/A
EC-8 Wood Mulching (2)X N/A
EC-9 Earth Dike and Drainage Swales (3)X No anticipated offsite run-on.
EC-10 Velocity Dissipation Devices X Flat site; no high velocity flows
EC-11 Slope Drains X No slopes on site
EC-12 Stream Bank Stabilization X No streams on site
EC-14 Compost Blankets (2)X N/A
EC-15 Soil Preparation-Roughening X N/A
EC-16 Non-Vegetated Stabilization (2)X N/A
WE-1 Wind Erosion Control X
(1) Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD.
(2) The QSD shall ensure implementation of one of the minimum measures listed or a combination thereof to achieve and maintain the Risk Level
requirements.
(3) Run-on from offsite shall be directed away from all disturbed areas, diversion of offsite flows may require design/analysis by a licensed civil engineer
and/or additional environmental permitting
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These temporary erosion control BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following
guidelines and as outlined in the BMP Factsheets provided in Appendix L. If there is a conflict
between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the CPPP or
guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard
details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the CPPP prevails over guidance
in the BMP Fact Sheets.
EC-1, Scheduling
During the non-rainy season:
The project schedule will sequence construction activities with the installation of both erosion
control and sediment control measures. The construction schedule will be arranged as much as
practicable to leave existing vegetation undisturbed until immediately prior to grading.
EC-3, Hydraulic Mulch
Hydraulic Mulch consist of various types of fibrous materials mixed with water and sprayed onto
the soil surface in slurry form to provide a layer of temporary protection from wind and water
erosion.
Hydraulic Mulch as a temporary, stand alone, erosion control BMP is suitable for disturbed areas
that require temporary protection from wind and water erosion until permanent soil stabilization
activities commence. Examples include:
Rough-graded areas that will remain inactive for longer than permit-required threshold
(e.g., 14 days) or otherwise require stabilization to minimize erosion or prevent sediment
discharges.
Soil stockpiles
Slopes with exposed soil between existing vegetation such as trees or shrubs.
EC-5, Soil Binders
To be used as necessary during grading phase of construction:
Apply soil binders to disturbed areas of the site that have become inactive after 14 days. Choose
soil binders appropriate to soil type. Refrain from disturbing applied soil binder for 24 hours
after application, or as suggested by retailer.
WE-1, Wind Erosion Control
Dust Control
During grading, soils will be disturbed and exposed. Materials may be applied to the soil surface
to prevent the movement of dust from exposed soil due to wind and traffic. Particular attention
should be paid to stockpiled materials. The most commonly used method of soil stabilization is
watering to prevent dust from polluting the air.
BMP WE-1, Wind Erosion Control, and BMP NS-1, water Conservation Practices, will be
implemented to provide dust control and prevent discharges from dust control activities and
water supply equipment. Water application rates will be minimized as necessary to prevent
runoff and ponding and water equipment leaks will be repaired immediately.
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During windy conditions (forecast or actual wind conditions of approximately 25 mph or
greater), dust control will be applied to disturbed areas, including haul roads, to adequately
control wind erosion.
3.2.2 Sediment Controls
Sediment controls are temporary or permanent structural measures that are intended to
complement the selected erosion control measures and reduce sediment discharges from active
construction areas. Sediment controls are designed to intercept and settle out soil particles that
have been detached and transported by the force of water.
The following sediment control BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be
implemented to control sediment on the construction site. Fact Sheets for temporary sediment
control BMPs are provided in Appendix L.
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Edgewater Avenue CPPP 16 October 2022
Table 3.3 Temporary Sediment Control BMPs
BMP usedCASQA
Fact
Sheet
BMP Name
Meets a
Minimum
Requirement(1)YES NO
If not used, state reason
SE-1 Silt Fence (2) (3)X Use SE-5,6
SE-2 Sediment Basin X SE-1 should suffice in preventing sedimentation
SE-3 Sediment Trap X SE-1 should suffice in preventing sedimentation
SE-4 Check Dams X Site is relatively level
SE-5 Fiber Rolls (2)(3)X
SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm (3)X
SE-7 Street Sweeping X
SE-8 Sandbag Barrier X Use SE-5,6
SE-9 Straw Bale Barrier X Use SE-5,6
SE-10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection RL2&3 X
SE-11 ATS X N/A
SE-12 Manufactured Linear Sediment Controls X Use SE-5,6
SE-13 Compost Sock and Berm (3)X Use SE-5,6
SE-14 Biofilter Bags (3)X Use SE-5,6
TC-1 Stabilized Construction Entrance and Exit X
TC-2 Stabilized Construction Roadway X N/A
TC-3 Entrance Outlet Tire Wash X N/A
(1) Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD
(2) The QSD shall ensure implementation of one of the minimum measures listed or a combination thereof to achieve and maintain the Risk Level
requirements
(3)Risk Level 2 &3 shall provide linear sediment control along toe of slope, face of slope, and at the grade breaks of exposed slope
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These temporary sediment control BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the
following guidelines and in accordance with the BMP Fact Sheets provided in Appendix L. If
there is a conflict between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the
CPPP or guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over
standard details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the CPPP prevails over
guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets.
SE-5, Fiber Roll
Fiber rolls will be used for perimeter sediment control and can be used in lieu of gravel bags for
perimeter protection. Fiber rolls must be partially trenched.
Temporary sediment controls will be implemented at the draining perimeter of disturbed soil
areas and at the toe of slopes at all times. The perimeter of the site will have fiber rolls where
necessary to keep sediments from entering public and private areas.
SE-6, Gravel Bag Berm
During the rainy season, temporary sediment controls will be implemented at the draining
perimeter of disturbed soil areas, at the toe of slopes, at storm drain inlets and at outfall areas at
all times. During the non-rainy season, temporary sediment controls will be implemented at the
draining perimeter of disturbed soil areas and at storm drain downstream from disturbed areas
before rain events.
The perimeter of the site will have gravel bag barriers where necessary to keep sediments from
entering public and private areas. Gravel bags will also be placed in the flow-lines on site to
prevent erosion and reduce sediments at storm drain inlets.
SE-7, Street Sweeping
Road Cleaning BMPs – Street Sweeping and Vacuuming
Road sweeping and vacuuming will occur during soil hauling and as necessary to keep street
surfaces clear of soil and debris. Washing of sediment tracked onto streets into storm drains will
not occur.
SE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection
Gravel bags will be placed around all catch basins (once constructed) to prevent sediment and
materials from entering the storm drain system. Please see erosion control plan in this report for
location of sediment treatment controls.
TC-1, Stabilized Construction Entrance and Exit
Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit
A stabilized construction entrance/exit will be constructed and maintained at construction site
entrances and exits, as shown on the site map.
The site entrance/exit will be stabilized to reduce tracking of sediment as a result of construction
traffic. The entrance will be designated and graded to prevent runoff from leaving the site.
Stabilization material will be 3 to 6-inch aggregate. The entrance will be flared where it meets
the existing road to provide an adequate turning radius. During dirt-hauling activities that extend
over a one-week time, a site entrance/exit will be installed to reduce tracking of sediment.
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3.3 NON-STORMWATER CONTROLS AND WASTE AND MATERIALS
MANAGEMENT
3.3.1 Non-Stormwater Controls
Non-stormwater discharges into storm drainage systems or waterways, which are not authorized
under the General Permit, are prohibited. Non-stormwater discharges for which a separate
NPDES permit is required by the local Regional Water Board are prohibited unless coverage
under the separate NPDES permit has been obtained for the discharge. The selection of non-
stormwater BMPs is based on the list of construction activities with a potential for non-
stormwater discharges identified in Section 2.7 of this CPPP.
The following non-stormwater control BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be
implemented to control sediment on the construction site. Fact Sheets for temporary non-
stormwater control BMPs are provided in Appendix L.
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Table 3.4 Temporary Non-Stormwater BMPs
BMP usedCASQA Fact
Sheet BMP Name
Meets a
Minimum
Requirement(1)YES NO
If not used, state reason
NS-1 Water Conservation Practices X
NS-2 Dewatering Operation X Grading operations do not reach groundwater
level
NS-3 Paving and Grinding Operation X
NS-4 Temporary Stream Crossing X No streams on site
NS-5 Clear Water Diversion X Not needed on site
NS-6 Illicit Connection/Discharge X
NS-7 Potable Water/Irrigation X
NS-8 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning X
NS-9 Vehicle and Equipment Fueling X
NS-10 Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance X
NS-11 Pile Driving Operation X No pile driving operations on site
NS-12 Concrete Curing X
NS-13 Concrete Finishing X
NS-14 Material and Equipment Use Over Water X No water on site
NS-15 Demolition Removal Adjacent to Water X No water adjacent to site
NS-16 Temporary Batch Plants X No batch plants
Alternate BMPs Used:If used, state reason:
(1) Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD
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Non-stormwater BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines and
in accordance with the BMP Fact Sheets provided in Appendix L. If there is a conflict between
documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the CPPP or guidance in the
BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard details included in
the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the CPPP prevails over guidance in the BMP Fact
Sheets.
NS-1, Water Conservation Practices
Water/Irrigation
All efforts and means will be used to conserve water during the entire duration of the project.
Water trucks will be inspected on a daily basis for any leaks.
NS-3, Paving and Grinding Operation
Paving Operations
Paving and Grinding Operations, will be implemented to prevent paving materials from being
discharged off-site. If applicable, covers will be placed over each parkway culvert adjacent to
paving operations. Following paving operations, the area will be swept, Parkway culverts covers
will be removed, and the parkway culverts will be inspected for paving materials.
NS-6, Illicit Connection- Illegal Discharge Connection
Illicit Connection/Illegal Discharge Detection and Reporting
The Contractor will implement Illicit Connection/Illegal Discharge Detection and Reporting
throughout the duration of the project. The most efficient means of implementing NS-6 is by
restricting access to the site.
NS-7, Potable Water Irrigation Discharge Detection
Manage the discharge of potential pollutants generated during discharges from irrigation water
lines, landscape irrigation, lawn or garden watering, planned and unplanned discharges from
potable water sources, water line flushing, and hydrant flushing.
Direct water from offsite sources around or through a construction site, where feasible, in a way
that minimizes contact with the construction site. Protect downstream stormwater drainage
systems and watercourses from water pumped or bailed from trenches excavated to repair water
lines.
NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning
Eliminate or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from vehicle and equipment cleaning
operations, such as using offsite facilities, washing in designated, contained areas only, or by
eliminating discharges to the storm drain by infiltrating the wash water.
Cleaning of vehicles and equipment with soap, solvents or steam should not occur on the project
site unless resulting wastes are fully contained and properly disposed of. Resulting wastes should
not be discharged or buried and must be captured and recycled or disposed of properly.
Facility wash racks, if any, should discharge to a sanitary sewer, recycle system or other approved
discharge system and must not discharge to the storm drainage system, watercourses, or to
groundwater.
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NS-9, Vehicle and Equipment Fueling
Drip pans or absorbent pads will be used for all vehicle and equipment maintenance or fueling
activities that involve grease, oil, solvents, or other vehicle fluids. All vehicle maintenance and
mobile fueling operations will be conducted at least 50 feet away from operational inlets and
drainage facilities and on a level graded area.
NS-10, Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance
Vehicle and Equipment Operations
Several types of vehicles and equipment will be used on-site throughout the project. Activities
including Vehicle Maintenance should not be performed on-site, except for concrete washout.
Drip pans or absorbent pads will be used for all vehicle and equipment maintenance activities
that involve grease, oil, solvents, or other vehicle fluids.
All vehicle maintenance and mobile fueling operations will be conducted at least 50 feet away
from operational inlets and drainage facilities and on a level graded area.
NS-12, Concrete Curing
Proper procedures and care should be taken when managing concrete curing materials to prevent
them from coming into contact with stormwater flows, which could result in a high pH
discharge.
Chemical Curing
Avoid over spray of curing compounds. Minimize the drift by applying the curing compound
close to the concrete surface. Apply an amount of compound that covers the surface but does not
allow any runoff of the compound. Use proper storage and handling techniques for concrete
curing compounds. Refer to WM-1, Material Delivery and Storage. Protect drain inlets prior to
the application of curing compounds. Refer to WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control.
Water Curing
Direct cure water away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for evaporation or other
means of removal in accordance with all applicable permits. See WM-8 Concrete Waste
Management. Collect cure water at the top of slopes and transport to a concrete waste
management area in a non-erosive manner. See EC-9 Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales, EC-10,
Velocity Dissipation Devices, and EC-11, Slope Drains. Utilize wet blankets or a similar
method that maintains moisture while minimizing the use and possible discharge of water.
NS-13, Concrete Finishing
Concrete Residuals and Washout Wastes
This project includes placement of concrete. Discharges from cement washout will consist of
rinse water and residual concrete (Portland cement, aggregates, admixture, and water). Concrete
pours will not be conducted during or immediately prior to rainfall events.
BMP WM-8, Concrete Waste Management, will be implemented and a below grade concrete
washout facility will be constructed and maintained on the project site as shown on the WPCD.
All excess concrete and concrete washout slurries will be discharged to the washout facility for
drying. The recommended minimum length and width for a washout area is 10 ft x 10 ft, and
must provide sufficient volume to contain concrete washout wastes and waste collected from
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concrete saw-cutting operations. BMP maintenance, waste disposal, and BMP removal will be
conducted as described in WM-8.
Concrete waste solids/liquids will be removed and disposed of as required by WM-8.
3.3.2 Materials Management and Waste Management
Materials management control practices consist of implementing procedural and structural BMPs
for handling, storing and using construction materials to prevent the release of those materials
into stormwater discharges. The amount and type of construction materials to be utilized at the
Site will depend upon the type of construction and the length of the construction period. The
materials may be used continuously, such as fuel for vehicles and equipment, or the materials
may be used for a discrete period, such as soil binders for temporary stabilization.
Waste management consist of implementing procedural and structural BMPs for handling,
storing and ensuring proper disposal of wastes to prevent the release of those wastes into
stormwater discharges. [If applicable to the project site, waste management should be conducted
in accordance with the Project’s Construction Waste Management Plan.]
Materials and waste management pollution control BMPs shall be implemented to minimize
stormwater contact with construction materials, wastes and service areas; and to prevent
materials and wastes from being discharged off-site. The primary mechanisms for stormwater
contact that shall be addressed include:
Direct contact with precipitation
Contact with stormwater run-on and runoff
Wind dispersion of loose materials
Direct discharge to the storm drain system through spills or dumping
Extended contact with some materials and wastes, such as asphalt cold mix and treated
wood products, which can leach pollutants into stormwater.
A list of construction activities is provided in Section 2.6. The following Materials and Waste
Management BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be implemented to handle
materials and control construction site wastes associated with these construction activities. Fact
Sheets for Materials and Waste Management BMPs are provided in Appendix L.
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Table 3.5 Temporary Materials Management BMPs
BMP usedCASQA Fact
Sheet BMP Name
Meets a
Minimum
Requirement(1)YES NO
If not used, state reason
WM-01 Material Delivery and Storage X
WM-02 Material Use X
WM-03 Stockpile Management X
WM-04 Spill Prevention and Control X
WM-05 Solid Waste Management X
WM-06 Hazardous Waste Management X No Hazardous onsite
WM-07 Contaminated Soil
Management X No contaminated soil onsite
WM-08 Concrete Waste Management X
WM-09 Sanitary-Septic Waste
Management X
WM-10 Liquid Waste Management X
Alternate BMPs Used:If used, state reason:
(1) Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD.
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Material management BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines
and in accordance with the BMP Fact Sheets provided in Appendix L. If there is a conflict
between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the CPPP or
guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard
details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the CPPP prevails over guidance
in the BMP Fact Sheets.
WM-1 and WM-2, Material Delivery, Storage, and Use
In general, BMPs WM-1 and WM-2 will be implemented to help prevent discharges of
construction materials during delivery, storage, and use. A sandbag barrier (BMP SE-8) will be
provided around the storage area to prevent run-on from adjacent areas. Storage/containment
facilities will be provided within the storage area to minimize storm water contact with
construction materials.
A covered storage/containment facility will be constructed to provide protection from the sun
and rain for items such as drums and items shipped or stored on pallets.
A covered storage/containment facility will be constructed to provide storage for larger hand
tools, small parts, and most construction materials that can be carried by hand, such as paint
cans, solvents, and grease. Very large items, such as light standards, framing materials, and
stockpiled lumber, will be stored in the open in the general storage area. Such materials will be
elevated with wood blocks to minimize contact with run-on.
Spill clean-up materials, material safety data sheets, a material inventory, and emergency contact
numbers will be maintained and stored in the general storage area.
WM-3, Stockpile Management
Protection of stockpiles is a year-round requirement to reduce or eliminate air and stormwater
pollution from temporary stockpiles of soil and paving materials such as Portland cement
concrete (PCC) rubble, asphalt concrete (AC), asphalt concrete rubble, aggregate base, aggregate
sub base, pre-mixed aggregate. Stockpiles will be surrounded with sediment controls and
covered when inactive for 14 days and prior to forecasted rain events.
A minimum of 50 ft separation from concentrated flows of stormwater, drainage courses, and
inlets is required.
WM-4, Spill Preservation and Control
BMP WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control, will be implemented to contain and clean-up spills
and prevent material discharges to the storm drain system. Spill prevention is also discussed
above in Material Delivery, Storage, and below in the following waste management and
equipment maintenance sections.
WM-5 and WM-6, Solid Waste & Hazardous Management
BMPs WM-5, Solid Waste Management and WM-6 Hazardous Waste Management will be
implemented to minimize storm water contact with waste materials and prevent waste
discharges. Solid wastes will be loaded directly into trucks for off-site disposal. When on-site
storage is necessary, solid wastes will be stored in watertight dumpsters in the general storage
area. AC and PCC rubble will be stockpiled in the general storage area and will be surrounded
with sediment controls (SE-6, Gravel Bag Barrier) and covered when necessary. Solid waste,
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including rubble stockpiles, will be removed and disposed off-site at least weekly. Hazardous
wastes (if any, not anticipated) will be stored in covered containment areas. Hazardous wastes
will be appropriate and clearly marked containers and segregated from other non-waste
materials.
WM-8, Concrete Waste Management
Concrete Residuals and Washout Wastes
This project includes placement of concrete. Discharges from cement washout will consist of
rinse water and residual concrete (Portland cement, aggregates, admixture, and water). Concrete
pours will not be conducted during or immediately prior to rainfall events.
BMP WM-8, Concrete Waste Management, will be implemented and a below grade concrete
washout facility will be constructed and maintained on the project site as shown on the WPCD.
All excess concrete and concrete washout slurries will be discharged to the washout facility for
drying. The recommended minimum length and width for a washout area is 10 ft x 10 ft, and
must provide sufficient volume to contain concrete washout wastes and waste collected from
concrete saw-cutting operations. BMP maintenance, waste disposal, and BMP removal will be
conducted as described in WM-8.
Concrete waste solids/liquids will be removed and disposed of as required by WM-8.
WM-9, Sanitary-Septic Waste Management
Sanitary and Septic Wastes
The Contractor will implement BMP WM-9, Sanitary and Septic Waste Management, and
portable toilets will be located and maintained on the project site for the duration of the project.
The toilets will be located away from concentrated flow paths and traffic flow. A properly
licensed contractor will conduct weekly maintenance.
WM-10, Liquid Waste Management
Keep all liquids in water-tight containers in a containment area.
3.4 POST CONSTRUCTION STORMWATER MANAGEMENT MEASURES
Post construction BMPs are permanent measures installed during construction, designed to
reduce or eliminate pollutant discharges from the site after construction is completed.
This site is located in an area subject to a Phase I or Phase II Municipal Separate Storm Sewer
System (MS4) permit approved Stormwater Management Plan. Yes No
Post construction runoff reduction requirements have been satisfied through the MS4 program,
this project is exempt from provision XIII A of the General Permit.
The following source control post construction BMPs to comply with General Permit Section
XIII.B and local requirements have been identified for the site:
Structural BMPs
TBD
Non-Structural BMPs
TBD
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A plan for the post construction funding and maintenance of these BMPs has been developed to
address at minimum five years following construction. The post construction BMPs that are
described above shall be funded and maintained by the LRP. If required, post construction
funding and maintenance will be submitted with the NOT.
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Section 4 BMP Inspection, Maintenance
4.1 BMP INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
The General Permit requires routine weekly inspections of BMPs, along with inspections before,
during, and after qualifying rain events. A BMP inspection checklist must be filled out for
inspections and maintained on-site with the CPPP. The inspection checklist includes the
necessary information covered in Section 7.6. A blank inspection checklist can be found in
Appendix G. Completed checklists shall be kept in CSMP Attachment 2 “Monitoring Records.
BMPs shall be maintained regularly to ensure proper and effective functionality. If necessary,
corrective actions shall be implemented within 72 hours of identified deficiencies and associated
amendments to the CPPP shall be prepared by the QSD.
Specific details for maintenance, inspection, and repair of Construction Site BMPs can be found
in the BMP Factsheets in Appendix L.
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Section 5 Training
Appendix J identifies the QSPs for the project. To promote stormwater management awareness
specific for this project, periodic training of job-site personnel shall be included as part of routine
project meetings (e.g. daily/weekly tailgate safety meetings), or task specific trainings as needed.
The QSP shall be responsible for providing this information at the meetings, and subsequently
completing the training logs shown in Appendix I, which identifies the site-specific stormwater
topics covered as well as the names of site personnel who attended the meeting. Tasks may be
delegated to trained employees by the QSP provided adequate supervision and oversight is
provided. Training shall correspond to the specific task delegated including: CPPP
implementation; BMP inspection and maintenance; and record keeping.
Documentation of training activities (formal and informal) is retained in CPPP Appendix I.
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Section 6 Responsible Parties and Operators
6.1 RESPONSIBLE PARTIES
Approved Signatory who are responsible for CPPP implementation and have authority to sign
permit-related documents on the Water Board’s SMARTS website.
The QSP shall have primary responsibility and significant authority for the implementation,
maintenance and inspection/monitoring of CPPP requirements. The QSP will be available at all
times throughout the duration of the project. Duties of the QSP include but are not limited to:
Implementing all elements of the General Permit and CPPP, including but not limited to:
o Ensuring all BMPs are implemented, inspected, and properly maintained;
o Performing non-stormwater and stormwater visual observations and inspections;
o Performing non-stormwater and storm sampling and analysis, as required;
o Performing routine inspections and observations;
o Implementing non-stormwater management, and materials and waste management
activities such as: monitoring discharges; general Site clean-up; vehicle and
equipment cleaning, fueling and maintenance; spill control; ensuring that no materials
other than stormwater are discharged in quantities which will have an adverse effect
on receiving waters or storm drain systems; etc.;
The QSP may delegate these inspections and activities to an appropriately trained
employee, but shall ensure adequacy and adequate deployment.
Ensuring elimination of unauthorized discharges.
The QSPs shall be assigned authority by the LRP to mobilize crews in order to make
immediate repairs to the control measures.
Coordinate with the Contractor(s) to assure all of the necessary corrections/repairs are
made immediately and that the project complies with the CPPP, the General Permit and
approved plans at all times.
Notifying the LRP or Authorized Signatory immediately of off-site discharges or other
non-compliance events.
The approved signatory, QSP and additional responsible personnel are included in Appendix J.
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Section 7 Construction Site Monitoring Program
(CSMP)
7.1 Purpose
This Construction Site Monitoring Program was developed to address the following objectives:
1. To demonstrate that the site is in compliance with the Discharge Prohibitions the
Construction General Permit;
2. To determine whether non-visible pollutants are present at the construction site and are
causing or contributing to exceedances of water quality objectives;
3. To determine whether immediate corrective actions, additional Best Management
Practices (BMP) implementation, or CPPP revisions are necessary to reduce pollutants in
stormwater discharges and authorized non-stormwater discharges;
4. To determine whether BMPs included in the CPPP are effective in preventing or reducing
pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non-stormwater discharges.
7.2 Applicability of Permit Requirements
This project has been determined to be a Risk Level 2 project. The General Permit identifies the
following types of monitoring as being applicable for a Risk Level 2 project.
Risk Level 1
Visual inspections of Best Management Practices (BMPs);
Visual monitoring of the site related to qualifying storm events;
Visual monitoring of the site for non-stormwater discharges;
Sampling and analysis of construction site runoff for pH and turbidity;
Sampling and analysis of construction site runoff for non-visible pollutants when
applicable; and
Sampling and analysis of construction site runoff as required by the Regional Water
Board when applicable.
7.3. Weather and Rain Event Tracking
Visual monitoring and inspections requirements of the General Permit are triggered by a
qualifying rain event. The General Permit defines a qualifying rain event as any event that
produces ½ inch of precipitation. A minimum of 48 hours of dry weather will be used to
distinguish between separate qualifying storm events.
Visual monitoring, inspections, and sampling requirements of the General Permit are triggered
by a qualifying rain event. The General Permit defines a qualifying rain event as any event that
produces ½ inch of precipitation. A minimum of 48 hours of dry weather will be used to
distinguish between separate qualifying storm events.
For the purposes of assessing exceptions to the Receiving Water Monitoring Triggers the
General Permit establishes the compliance storm event at the 5-year, 24-hour event. Based on
the Western Regional Climate Center, the 5-year, 24-hour event for this project is 2.65”.
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7.3.1 Weather Tracking
The QSP should daily consult the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) for the weather forecasts. These forecasts can be obtained at http://www.noaa.gov/.
Weather reports should be printed and maintained with the CPPP in CSMP Attachment 1
“Weather Reports”.
7.3.2 Rain Gauges
The QSP shall install at least one (1) rain gauge(s) on the project site. Locate the gauge in an
open area away from obstructions such as trees or overhangs. Mount the gauge on a post at a
height of 3 to 5 feet with the gauge extending several inches beyond the post. Make sure that the
top of the gauge is level. Make sure the post is not in an area where rainwater can indirectly
splash from sheds, equipment, trailers, etc.
The rain gauge(s) shall be read daily during normal site scheduled hours. The rain gauge should
be read at approximately the same time every day and the date and time of each reading
recorded. Log rain gauge readings in CSMP Attachment 1 “Weather Records”. Follow the rain
gauge instructions to obtain accurate measurements.
Once the rain gauge reading has been recorded, accumulated rain shall be emptied, and the gauge
reset.
For comparison with the site rain gauge, the nearest appropriate governmental rain gauge(s) is
located at: John Wayne-Orange County Airport (KSNA)
LAT: 33°36'19.18"N°N
LON: 117.8674°W°W
ELEV: 39 ft.
7.4 Monitoring Locations
Monitoring locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. Monitoring locations are
described in the Sections 7.6 and 7.7.
Whenever changes in the construction site might affect the appropriateness of sampling
locations, the sampling locations shall be revised accordingly. All such revisions shall be
implemented as soon as feasible and the CPPP amended. Temporary changes that result in a one-
time additional sampling location do not require a CPPP amendment.
7.5 Safety and Monitoring Exemptions
Safety practices for sample collection will be in accordance with the Contractor’s Health and
Safety Plan for the project. A summary of the safety requirements that apply to sampling
personnel is provided below.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Hazardous conditions
Handling pollutants
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This project is not required to collect samples or conduct visual observations (inspections) under
the following conditions:
During dangerous weather conditions such as flooding and electrical storms.
Outside of scheduled site business hours.
Scheduled site business hours are: Monday thru Friday 7:00am to 3:00pm
If monitoring (visual monitoring or sample collection) of the site is unsafe because of the
dangerous conditions noted above, then the QSP shall document the conditions for why an
exception to performing the monitoring was necessary. The exemption documentation shall be
filed in CSMP Attachment 2 “Monitoring Records”.
7.6 Visual Monitoring
Visual monitoring includes observations and inspections. Inspections of BMPs are required to
identify and record BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively, that have failed, or that
could fail to operate as intended. Visual observations of the site are required to observe storm
water drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources.
Table 7.1 identifies the required frequency of visual observations and inspections. Inspections
and observations will be conducted at the locations identified in Section 7.6.3.
Table 7.1 Summary of Visual Monitoring and Inspections
Type of Inspection Frequency
Routine Inspections
BMP Inspections Weekly1
BMP Inspections – Tracking Control Daily
All BMPs must be inspected at least once a
week Weekly
Non-Stormwater Discharge Observations Quarterly during daylight hours
Rain Event Triggered Inspections
Site Inspections Prior to a Qualifying Event Within 48 hours of a qualifying event 2
BMP Inspections During an Extended Storm
Event Every 24-hour period of a rain event3
Site Inspections Following a Qualifying Event Within 48 hours of a qualifying event2
1 Most BMPs must be inspected weekly; those identified below must be inspected more frequently.
2 Inspections are required during scheduled site operating hours.
3 Inspections are required during scheduled site operating hours regardless of the amount of precipitation on any
given day.
7.6.1 Routine Observations and Inspections
Routine site inspections and visual monitoring are necessary to ensure that the project is in
compliance with the requirements of the Construction General Permit.
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7.6.1.1 Routine BMP Inspections
Inspections of BMPs are conducted to identify and record:
BMPs that are properly installed;
BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively;
BMPs that have failed; or
BMPs that could fail to operate as intended.
7.6.1.2 Non-Stormwater Discharge Observations
Each drainage area will be inspected for the presence of or indications of prior unauthorized and
authorized non-stormwater discharges. Inspections will record:
Presence or evidence of any non-stormwater discharge (authorized or unauthorized);
Pollutant characteristics (floating and suspended material, sheen, discoloration, turbidity,
odor, etc.); and
Source of discharge.
7.6.2 Rain-Event Triggered Observations and Inspections
Visual observations of the site and inspections of BMPs are required prior to a qualifying rain
event; following a qualifying rain event, and every 24-hour period during a qualifying rain event.
Pre-rain inspections will be conducted after consulting NOAA and determining that a
precipitation event with a 50% or greater probability of precipitation has been predicted.
7.6.2.1 Visual Observations Prior to a Forecasted Qualifying Rain Event
Within 48-hours prior to a qualifying event a stormwater visual monitoring site inspection will
include observations of the following locations:
Stormwater drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources;
BMPs to identify if they have been properly implemented;
Any stormwater storage and containment areas to detect leaks and ensure maintenance of
adequate freeboard.
Consistent with guidance from the State Water Resources Control Board, pre-rain BMP
inspections and visual monitoring will be triggered by a NOAA forecast that indicates a
probability of precipitation of 50% or more in the project area.
7.6.2.2 BMP Inspections During an Extended Storm Event
During extended rain event BMP inspections will be conducted to identify and record:
BMPs that are properly installed;
BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively;
BMPs that have failed; or
BMPs that could fail to operate as intended.
If the construction site is not accessible during the rain event, the visual inspections shall be
performed at all relevant outfalls, discharge points, downstream locations. The inspections
should record any projected maintenance activities.
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7.6.2.3 Visual Observations Following a Qualifying Rain Event
Within 48 hours following a qualifying rain event (0.5 inches of rain) a stormwater visual
monitoring site inspection is required to observe:
Stormwater drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources;
BMPs to identify if they have been properly designed, implemented, and effective;
Need for additional BMPs;
Any stormwater storage and containment areas to detect leaks and ensure maintenance of
adequate freeboard; and
Discharge of stored or contained rain water.
7.6.3 Visual Monitoring Procedures
Visual monitoring shall be conducted by the QSP or staff trained by and under the supervision of
the QSP.
The name(s) and contact number(s) of the site visual monitoring personnel are listed below and
their training qualifications are provided in Appendix I.
Assigned inspector: TBD Contact phone:
Alternate inspector: Contact phone:
Stormwater observations shall be documented on the Visual Inspection Field Log Sheet (see
CSMP Attachment 3 “Example Forms”). BMP inspections shall be documented on the site
specific BMP inspection checklist. Any photographs used to document observations will be
referenced on stormwater site inspection report and maintained with the Monitoring Records in
Attachment 2.
The QSP shall within 10 days of the inspection submit copies of the completed inspection report
to contractor and/or LRP.
The completed reports will be kept in CSMP Attachment 2 “Monitoring Records”.
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7.6.4 Visual Monitoring Follow-Up and Reporting
Correction of deficiencies identified by the observations or inspections, including required
repairs or maintenance of BMPs, shall be initiated and completed as soon as possible.
If identified deficiencies require design changes, including additional BMPs, the implementation
of changes will be initiated within 72 hours of identification and be completed as soon as
possible. When design changes to BMPs are required, the CPPP shall be amended to reflect the
changes.
Deficiencies identified in site inspection reports and correction of deficiencies will be tracked on
the Inspection Field Log Sheet or BMP Inspection Report and shall be submitted to the QSP and
shall be kept in CSMP Attachment 2 “Monitoring Records”.
The QSP shall within 10 days of the inspection submit copies of the completed Inspection Field
Log Sheet or BMP Inspection Report with the corrective actions to contractor and/or LRP.
Results of visual monitoring must be summarized and reported in the Annual Report.
7.6.5 Visual Monitoring Locations
The inspections and observations identified in Sections 7.6.1 and 7.6.2 will be conducted at the
locations identified in this section.
BMP locations are shown on the Site Maps in CPPP Appendix B.
There is one (1) drainage area on the project site and the contractor’s yard, staging areas, and
storage areas. The drainage area is shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and Table 7.2
identifies each drainage area by location.
Table 7.2 Site Drainage Areas
Location
No.Location
1 The entire site
There is zero (0) stormwater storage or containment area(s) are on the project site. Stormwater
storage or containment area(s) are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and Table 7.3
identifies each stormwater storage or containment area by location.
Table 7.3 Stormwater Storage and Containment Areas
Location
No.
Location
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There is one (1) discharge location(s) on the project site. The site stormwater discharge location
is shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and Table 7.4 identifies each stormwater discharge
location.
Table 7.4 Site Stormwater Discharge Locations
Location
No.Location
1 Trench Drains along the East and Wide side of Properly
7.7 Water Quality Sampling and Analysis
7.7.1 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Visible Pollutants in Stormwater
Runoff Discharges
This Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Visible Pollutants describes the sampling and analysis
strategy and schedule for monitoring non-visible pollutants in stormwater runoff discharges from
the project site.
Sampling for non-visible pollutants will be conducted when (1) a breach, leakage, malfunction,
or spill is observed; and (2) the leak or spill has not been cleaned up prior to the rain event; and
(3) there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or drainage
system.
The following construction materials, wastes, or activities, as identified in Section 2.6, are
potential sources of non-visible pollutants to stormwater discharges from the project. Storage,
use, and operational locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B.
Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning
Vehicle and Equipment Fueling
Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance
Paving and Grinding Operations
Concrete Curing
Concrete Finishing
The following existing site features, as identified in Section 2.6, are potential sources of non-
visible pollutants to stormwater discharges from the project. Locations of existing site features
contaminated with non-visible pollutants are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B.
None
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The following soil amendments have the potential to change the chemical properties, engineering
properties, or erosion resistance of the soil and will be used on the project site. Locations of soil
amendment application are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B.
None
The project has the potential to receive stormwater run-on from the following locations with the
potential to contribute non-visible pollutants to stormwater discharges from the project.
Locations of such run-on to the project site are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B.
None
7.7.1.1 Sampling Schedule
Samples for the potential non-visible pollutant(s) and a sufficiently large unaffected background
sample shall be collected during the first two hours of discharge from rain events that result in a
sufficient discharge for sample collection. Samples shall be collected during the site’s scheduled
hours and shall be collected regardless of the time of year and phase of the construction.
Collection of discharge samples for non-visible pollutant monitoring will be triggered when any
of the following conditions are observed during site inspections conducted prior to or during a
rain event.
Materials or wastes containing potential non-visible pollutants are not stored under
watertight conditions. Watertight conditions are defined as (1) storage in a watertight
container, (2) storage under a watertight roof or within a building, or (3) protected by
temporary cover and containment that prevents stormwater contact and runoff from the
storage area.
Materials or wastes containing potential non-visible pollutants are stored under watertight
conditions, but (1) a breach, malfunction, leakage, or spill is observed, (2) the leak or
spill is not cleaned up prior to the rain event, and (3) there is the potential for discharge of
non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system.
A construction activity, including but not limited to those in Section 2.6, with the
potential to contribute non-visible pollutants (1) was occurring during or within 24 hours
prior to the rain event, (2) BMPs were observed to be breached, malfunctioning, or
improperly implemented, and (3) there is the potential for discharge of non-visible
pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system.
Soil amendments that have the potential to change the chemical properties, engineering
properties, or erosion resistance of the soil have been applied, and there is the potential
for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system.
Stormwater runoff from an area contaminated by historical usage of the site has been
observed to combine with stormwater runoff from the site, and there is the potential for
discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system.
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7.7.1.2 Sampling Locations
Sampling locations are based on proximity to planned non-visible pollutant storage, occurrence
or use; accessibility for sampling, and personnel safety. Planned non-visible pollutant sampling
locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and include the locations identified in
Tables 7.5 through 7.9.
One (1) sampling location on the project site and the contractor’s yard has been identified for the
collection of samples of runoff from planned material and waste storage areas and areas where
non-visible pollutant producing construction activities are planned.
Table 7.5 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations – Contractors’ Yard
Sample Location
Number Sample Location Description
Sample Location Latitude and
Longitude
(Decimal Degrees)
NVP-1 See Erosion Control Plan for location See Erosion Control Plan for
location
Zero (0) sampling locations have been identified for the collection of samples of runoff from
drainage areas where soil amendments will be applied that have the potential to affect water
quality.
Table 7.6 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations – Soil Amendment Areas
Sample Location
Number Sample Location
Sample Location Latitude and
Longitude
(Decimal Degrees)
Zero (0) sampling locations have been identified for the collection of samples of runoff from
drainage areas contaminated by historical usage of the site.
Table 7.7 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations – Areas of Historical Contamination
Sample Location
Number Sample Location
Sample Location Latitude and
Longitude
(Decimal Degrees)
One sampling location has been identified for the collection of an uncontaminated sample of
runoff as a background sample for comparison with the samples being analyzed for non-visible
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pollutants. This location(s) was selected such that the sample will not have come in contact with
the operations, activities, or areas identified in Section 7.7.1 or with disturbed soils areas.
Table 7.8 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations – Background (Unaffected Sample)
Sample Location
Number Sample Location
Sample Location Latitude and
Longitude
(Decimal Degrees)
BG-1 See Erosion Control Plan for location See Erosion Control Plan for
location
Zero (0) sampling locations have been identified for the collection of samples of run-on to the
project site. Run-on from these locations has the potential to combine with discharges from the
site being sampled for non-visible pollutants. These samples are intended to identify potential
sources of non-visible pollutants that originate off the project site.
Table 7.9 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations – Site Run-On
Sample Location
Number Sample Location
Sample Location Latitude and
Longitude
(Decimal Degrees)
If a stormwater visual monitoring site inspection conducted prior to or during a storm event
identifies the presence of a material storage, waste storage, or operations area with spills or the
potential for the discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system that
is at a location not listed above and has not been identified on the Site Maps, sampling locations
will be selected by the QSP using the same rationale as that used to identify planned locations.
Non-visible pollutant sampling locations shall be identified by the QSP on the pre-rain event
inspection form and/or Rain Event Action Plan prior to a forecasted qualifying rain event.
7.7.1.3 Monitoring Preparation
Non-visible pollutant samples will be collected by:
Contractor Yes No
Consultant Yes No
Laboratory Yes No
Samples on the project site will be collected by the following contractor sampling personnel:
Name/Telephone Number:
Alternate(s)/Telephone Number:
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An adequate stock of monitoring supplies and equipment for monitoring non-visible pollutants
will be available on the project site prior to a sampling event. Monitoring supplies and
equipment will be stored in a cool temperature environment that will not come into contact with
rain or direct sunlight. Sampling personnel will be available to collect samples in accordance
with the sampling schedule. Supplies maintained at the project site will include, but are not
limited to, clean powder-free nitrile gloves, sample collection equipment, coolers, appropriate
number and volume of sample bottles, identification labels, re-sealable storage bags, paper
towels, personal rain gear, ice, and Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets and Chain of Custody
(CoC) forms, which are provided in CSMP Attachment 3 “Example Forms”.
Samples on the project site will be collected by the following laboratory or environmental
consultant:
Company Name:MBC Aquatic Sciences
Street Address:3000 Red Hill Avenue
City, State Zip:Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Telephone Number:714-850-4830
The QSP or his/her designee will contact 24 hours prior to a predicted rain event or for an
unpredicted event, as soon as a rain event begins if one of the triggering conditions is identified
during an inspection to ensure that adequate sample collection personnel and supplies for
monitoring non-visible pollutants are available and will be mobilized to collect samples on the
project site in accordance with the sampling schedule.
7.7.1.4 Analytical Constituents
Table 7.10 lists the specific sources and types of potential non-visible pollutants on the project
site and the water quality indicator constituent(s) for that pollutant.
Table 7.10 Potential Non-Visible Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents
Pollutant Source Pollutant Water Quality Indicator
Constituent
Asphalt Work VOCs VOCs
Adhesives COD, Phenols, SVOCs
Acids pH, Acid, Anion pH, Acid, Anion
Vehicles – heavy metals, oil, grease Pb, pH Pb, pH
Solvents VOCs, SVOCs VOCs, SVOCs
Sealant (Methyl methacrylate)SVOC SVOC
Curing compounds VOCs, SVOCs, pH VOCs, SVOCs, pH
Ash, slag, sand pH, Al, Ca, Va, Zn pH, Al, Ca, Va, Zn
Pesticides Dependent on product
used Dependent on product used
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Table 7.10 Potential Non-Visible Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents
Pollutant Source Pollutant Water Quality Indicator
Constituent
Paving VOCs VOCs
Resins COD, SVOCs COD, SVOCs
Thinners COD, VOCs COD, VOCs
Paint strippers VOCs, SVOCs, metals VOCs, SVOCs, metals
Sanitary Waste
Sewer line breaks and Portable
Toilets
(using clear fluid – blue fluid is
visible if discharged)
BOD, Total/Fecal
coliform BOD, Total/Fecal coliform
Solid Waste (leakage)BOD BOD
Batteries Sulfuric acid; Pb, pH Sulfuric acid; Pb, pH
7.7.1.5 Sample Collection
Samples of discharge shall be collected at the designated non-visible pollutant sampling
locations shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B or in the locations determined by observed
breaches, malfunctions, leakages, spills, operational areas, soil amendment application areas, and
historical site usage areas that triggered the sampling event.
Grab samples shall be collected and preserved in accordance with the methods identified in the
Table, “Sample Collection, Preservation and Analysis for Monitoring Non-Visible Pollutants”
provided in Section 7.7.1.6. Only the QSP, or personnel trained in water quality sampling under
the direction of the QSP shall collect samples.
Sample collection and handling requirements are described in Section 7.7.7.
7.7.1.6 Sample Analysis
Samples shall be analyzed using the analytical methods identified in the Table 7.11.
Samples will be analyzed by:
Laboratory Name:MBC Aquatic Sciences
Street Address:3000 Red Hill Avenue
City, State Zip:Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Telephone Number:714-850-4830
ELAP Certification Number:2762
Samples will be delivered to the laboratory by:
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Driven by Contractor Yes No
Picked up by Laboratory Courier Yes No
Shipped Yes No
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Table 7.11 Sample Collection, Preservation and Analysis for Monitoring Non-Visible Pollutants
Constituent Analytical Method
Minimum
Sample
Volume
Sample Containers Sample Preservation Reporting
Limit
Maximum
Holding
Time
Lead Sulfate, Battery Acid EPA 150.1 pH/ EPA
300Sulfate 500 ml 500ml + Plastic
Container Ice/Refrigeration 10 pH/10
Sulfate
12 hrs/14
days
Lead from Vehicle Batteries EPA 6010b Lead 500 ml 500ml + Plastic
Container Nitric Acid 5 ppb 14 days
Solvents, VOC/SVOC EPA 601/602 or EPA
624 or EPA 625 40 ml 3 VOA HCL Several 14 days
Curing Compounds, non-
pigmented
SM 2310B/2320,
EPA150.1, 601, 602,
624, and 625
1000 ml 500 ml Plastic Ice/HCL Several pH 24
hrs/14 days
Sealants, COD EPA 410.4 500 ml 500 ml Poly Sulfuric Acid ( H2SO4 )10 mg/l 8 days
Fertilizer, Nitrates EPA 300.0 100 ml 500 ml Poly Non-Req.0, 10 48 hrs
Notes:
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7.7.1.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting
The QSP shall complete an evaluation of the water quality sample analytical results.
Runoff/downgradient results shall be compared with the associated upgradient/unaffected results
and any associated run-on results. Should the runoff/downgradient sample show an increased
level of the tested analyte relative to the unaffected background sample, which cannot be
explained by run-on results, the BMPs, site conditions, and surrounding influences shall be
assessed to determine the probable cause for the increase.
As determined by the site and data evaluation, appropriate BMPs shall be repaired or modified to
mitigate discharges of non-visible pollutant concentrations. Any revisions to the BMPs shall be
recorded as an amendment to the CPPP.
The General Permit prohibits the storm water discharges that contain hazardous substances equal
to or in excess of reportable quantities established in 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4. The results
of any non-stormwater discharge results that indicate the presence of a hazardous substance in
excess of established reportable quantities shall be immediately reported to the Regional Water
Board and other agencies as required by 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4.
Results of non-visible pollutant monitoring shall be reported in the Annual Report.
7.7.2 Sampling and Analysis Plan for pH and Turbidity in Stormwater Runoff
Discharges
Sampling and analysis of runoff for pH and turbidity is not required for Risk Level 1 projects.
Sampling and analysis of runoff for pH and turbidity is required for this project. This Sampling
and Analysis Plan describes the strategy for monitoring turbidity and pH levels of stormwater
runoff discharges from the project site and run on that may contribute to an exceedance of a
Numeric Action Level (NAL).
Samples for turbidity will be collected from all drainage areas with disturbed soil areas and
samples for pH will be collected from all drainage areas with a high risk of pH altering
discharge.
Sampling Schedule
Stormwater runoff samples shall be collected for turbidity from each day of a qualifying rain
event that results in a discharge from the project site. At minimum, turbidity samples will be
collected from each site discharge location draining a disturbed area. A minimum of three
samples will be collected per day of discharge during a qualifying event. Samples should be
representative of the total discharge from the project each day of discharge during the qualifying
event. Typically, representative samples will be spaced in time throughout the daily discharge
event.
Stormwater runoff samples shall be collected for pH from each day of qualifying rain events that
result in a discharge from the project site. Note that pH samples are only required to be collected
during project phases and from drainage areas with a high risk of pH altering discharge. A
minimum of three samples will be collected per day of discharge during a qualifying event.
Samples should be representative of the total discharge from the location each day of discharge
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during the qualifying event. Typically, representative samples will be spaced in time throughout
the daily discharge event.
Stored or collected water from a qualifying storm event when discharged shall be tested for
turbidity and pH (when applicable). Stored or collected water from a qualifying event may be
sampled at the point it is released from the storage or containment area or at the site discharge
location.
Run-on samples shall be collected whenever the QSP identifies that run-on has the potential to
contribute to an exceedance of a NAL.
7.7.2.2 Sampling Locations
Sampling locations are based on the site runoff discharge locations and locations where run-on
enters the site; accessibility for sampling; and personnel safety. Planned pH and turbidity
sampling locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and include the locations
identified in Table 7.13 and Table 7-14.
One (1) sampling location(s) on the project site and the contractor’s yard have been identified for
the collection of runoff samples. Table 7.12 also provides an estimate of the site’s area that
drains to each location.
Table 7.12 Turbidity and pH Runoff Sample Locations
Sample Location
Number Sample Location Estimate of Site
Drainage (%)
NVP-1 See Erosion Control Plan for location 100
Zero sampling locations have been identified for the collection of run-on samples where the
run-on has the potential to contribute to an exceedance of an NAL or a Receiving Water
Monitoring Trigger. Table 7.13 identifies the run-on sample locations.
Table 7.13 Turbidity and pH Run-On Sample Locations
Sample Location
Number Sample Location
Sample Location Latitude and
Longitude
(Decimal Degrees)
The project does not receive run-on with the potential to exceed NALs or Receiving Water
Monitoring Triggers.
7.7.2.3 Monitoring Preparation
Turbidity and pH samples will be collected and analyzed by:
Contractor Yes No
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Consultant Yes No
Laboratory Yes No
Samples on the project site will be collected by the QSP or their designated personnel, listed in
Appendix J.
An adequate stock of monitoring supplies and equipment for monitoring turbidity and will be
available on the project site prior to a sampling event. Monitoring supplies and equipment will
be stored in a cool temperature environment that will not come into contact with rain or direct
sunlight. Sampling personnel will be available to collect samples in accordance with the
sampling schedule. Supplies maintained at the project site will include, but are not limited to,
field meters, extra batteries; clean powder-free nitrile gloves, sample collection equipment,
appropriate sample containers, paper towels, personal rain gear, and Effluent Sampling Field Log
Sheets and CoC forms provided in CSMP Attachment 3 “Example Forms”.
The contractor will obtain and maintain the field testing instruments, as identified in Section
7.7.2.6, for analyzing samples in the field by contractor sampling personnel.
Samples on the project site will be collected by the following laboratory:
Company Name: Eurofins EMLab P&K - Irvine
Street Address: 17461 Derian Avenue #100
City, State Zip: Irvine, CA 92614
Telephone Number: 523-298-1015
The QSP or his/her designee will contact the laboratory 24 hours prior to a predicted rain event
or for an unpredicted event, as soon as a rain event begins to ensure that adequate sample
collection personnel, supplies for monitoring pH and turbidity are available and will be
mobilized to collect samples on the project site in accordance with the sampling schedule.
7.7.2.4 Field Parameters
Samples shall be analyzed for the constituents indicated in the Table 7.14.
Table 7.14 Sample Collection and Analysis for Monitoring Turbidity and pH
Parameter Test Method
Minimum
Sample
Volume(1)
Sample Collection
Container Type
Detection
Limit
(minimum)
Turbidity Field meter/probe with
calibrated portable instrument 500 mL
Polypropylene or Glass
(Do not collect in meter
sample cells)
1 NTU
pH
Field meter/probe with
calibrated portable instrument
or calibrated pH test kit
100 mL Polypropylene 0.2 pH units
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Table 7.14 Sample Collection and Analysis for Monitoring Turbidity and pH
Parameter Test Method
Minimum
Sample
Volume(1)
Sample Collection
Container Type
Detection
Limit
(minimum)
Notes:1 Minimum sample volume recommended. Specific volume requirements will vary by instrument; check
instrument manufacturer instructions.
L – Liter
mL – Milliliter
NTU – Nephelometric Turbidity Unit
7.7.2.5 Sample Collection
Samples of discharge shall be collected at the designated runoff and run-on sampling locations
shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. Run-on samples shall be collected within close
proximity of the point of run-on to the project.
Only personnel trained in water quality sampling and field measurements working under the
direction of the QSP shall collect samples.
Sample collection and handling requirements are described in Section 7.7.7.
7.7.2.6 Field Measurements
Samples collected for field analysis, collection, analysis and equipment calibration shall be in
accordance with the field instrument manufacturer’s specifications.
Immediately following collection, samples for field analysis shall be tested in accordance with
the field instrument manufacturer’s instructions and results recorded on the Effluent Sampling
Field Log Sheet.
The field instrument(s) listed in CSMP Attachment 4 will be used to analyze the pH and turbidity
of the field samples.
The manufacturers’ instructions are included in CSMP Attachment 4 “Field Meter Instructions”.
Field sampling staff shall review the instructions prior to each sampling event and follow the
instructions in completing measurement of the samples.
The instrument(s) shall be maintained in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.
The instrument(s) shall be calibrated before each sampling and analysis event.
Maintenance and calibration records shall be maintained with the CPPP.
The QSP may authorize alternate equipment provided that the equipment meets the Construction
General Permit’s requirements and the manufacturers’ instructions for calibration and use are
added to CSMP Attachment 4 “Field Meter Instructions”.
7.7.2.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting
Immediately upon completing the measurements for the sampling event, provide the Effluent
Sampling Field Log Sheets to the QSP for evaluation.
Numeric Action Levels
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This project is subject to NALs for pH and turbidity (Table 7.16). Compliance with the NAL for
pH and turbidity is based on a weighted daily average. Upon receiving the field log sheets, the
QSP shall immediately calculate the weighted arithmetic average of the turbidity samples, and
the logarithmic average of the pH samples1 to determine if the NALs, shown in the table below,
have been exceeded.
Table 7.15 Numeric Action Levels
Parameter Unit Daily Average
pH pH units Lower NAL = 6.5
Upper NAL = 8.5
Turbidity NTU 250 NTU
The QSP shall within 10 days of the sample collection submit copies of the completed Effluent
Sampling Field Log Sheets to Contractor and/or LRP.
In the event that the pH or turbidity NAL is exceeded, the QSP shall immediately notify
Contractor and/or LRP investigate the cause of the exceedance and identify corrective actions.
Exceedances of NALs shall be electronically reported to the State Water Board by Contractor
and/or LRP through the SMARTs system within 10 days of the conclusion of the storm event. If
requested by the Regional Board, a NAL Exceedance report will be submitted. The NAL
Exceedance Report must contain the following information:
Analytical method(s), method reporting unit(s), and MDL(s) of each parameter;
Date, place, time of sampling, visual observation, and/or measurements, including
precipitation; and
Description of the current BMPs associated with the sample that exceeded the NAL and
the proposed corrective actions taken.
Receiving Water Monitoring Triggers
This project is not subject to Receiving Water Monitoring Triggers because it does not have a
direct discharge to the receiving water.
7.7.3 Sampling and Analysis Plan for pH, Turbidity, and SSC in Receiving Water
This project is not subject to Receiving Water Monitoring.
7.7.4 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Stormwater Discharges
This Sampling and Analysis Plan for non-stormwater discharges describes the sampling and
analysis strategy and schedule for monitoring pollutants in authorized and unauthorized
non-stormwater discharges from the project site in accordance with the requirements of the
Construction General Permit.
1 Daily average pH values must be calculated through the logarithmic method. In order to calculate an average, you
must: (1) Convert the pH measurements from logarithms to real numbers; (2) Take the average of the real
numbers; and (3) Convert the average of the real numbers back to a logarithm.
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Sampling of non-stormwater discharges will be conducted when an authorized or unauthorized
non-stormwater discharge is observed discharging from the project site. In the event that
non-stormwater discharges run-on to the project site from offsite locations, and this run-on has
the potential to contribute to a violation of a NAL, the run-on will also be sampled.
The following authorized non-stormwater discharges identified in Section 2.7, have the potential
to be discharged from the project site.
None
In addition to the above authorized stormwater discharges, some construction activities have the
potential to result in an unplanned (unauthorized) non-stormwater discharge if BMPs fail. These
activities include:
None
Sampling Schedule
Samples of authorized or unauthorized non-stormwater discharges shall be collected when they
are observed.
7.7.4.2 Sampling Locations
Samples shall be collected from the discharge point of the construction site where the
non-stormwater discharge is running off the project site. Site discharge locations are shown on
the Site Maps in CPPP Appendix C and include the locations identified below.
Zero sampling location(s) on the project site and the contractor’s yard have been identified where
non-stormwater discharges may runoff from the project site. (Table 7.20)
Table 7.16 Non-stormwater Discharge Sample Locations
Sample Location
Number Sample Location
Sample Location Latitude and
Longitude
(Decimal Degrees)
Zero sampling locations have been identified for the collection of non-stormwater discharges that
run-on to the project site (Table 7.21).
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Table 7.17 Non-stormwater Run-on Sample Locations
Sample Location
Number Sample Location
Sample Location Latitude and
Longitude
(Decimal Degrees)
7.7.4.3 Monitoring Preparation
Non-stormwater discharge samples will be collected by:
Contractor Yes No
Consultant Yes No
Laboratory Yes No
Samples on the project site will be collected by the QSP or their designated personnel listed in
Appendix J.
An adequate stock of monitoring supplies and equipment for monitoring non-stormwater
discharges will be available on the project site. Monitoring supplies and equipment will be
stored in a cool temperature environment that will not come into contact with rain or direct
sunlight. Personnel trained in sampling will be available to collect samples in accordance with
the sampling schedule. Supplies maintained at the project site will include, but are not limited
to, clean powder-free nitrile gloves, sample collection equipment, field meters, coolers,
appropriate number and volume of sample bottles, identification labels, re-sealable storage bags,
paper towels, personal rain gear, ice, and Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets and CoC forms
provided in CSMP Attachment 3 “Example Forms”.
The contractor will obtain and maintain the field testing instruments, as identified in Section
7.7.2, for analyzing samples in the field by contractor sampling personnel.
Samples on the project site will be collected by the following laboratory:
Company Name: MBC Aquatic Sciences
Street Address:3000 Red Hill Avenue
City, State Zip:Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Telephone Number:714-850-4830
The QSP or his/her designee will contact the laboratory 24 hours prior to a planned
non-stormwater discharge or as soon as an unplanned non-stormwater discharge is observed to
ensure that adequate sample collection personnel, supplies for non-stormwater discharge
monitoring are available and will be mobilized to collect samples on the project site in
accordance with the sampling schedule.
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7.7.4.4 Analytical Constituents
All non-stormwater discharges that flow through a disturbed area shall, at minimum, be
monitored for turbidity.
All non-stormwater discharges that flow through an area where they are exposed to pH altering
materials shall be monitored for pH.
The QSP shall identify additional pollutants to be monitored for each non-stormwater discharge
incident based on the source of the non-stormwater discharge. If the source of an unauthorized
non-stormwater discharge is not known, monitoring for pH, turbidity, MBAS, TOC, and residual
chlorine or chloramines is recommended to help identify the source of the discharge.
Non-stormwater discharge run-on shall be monitored, at minimum, for pH and turbidity. The
QSP shall identify additional pollutants to be monitored for each non-stormwater discharge
incident based on the source of the non-stormwater discharge. If the source of an unauthorized
non-stormwater discharge is not known, monitoring for pH, turbidity, MBAS, TOC, and residual
chlorine or chloramines is recommended to help identify the source of the discharge.
Table 7.22 lists the specific sources and types of potential non-visible pollutants on the project
site and the water quality indicator constituent(s) for that pollutant.
Table 7.18 Potential Non-Stormwater Discharge Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator
Constituents
Pollutant Source Pollutant Water Quality Indicator
Constituent
Disturbed Areas Sediment Turbidity
Concrete Work pH pH
7.7.4.5 Sample Collection
Samples shall be collected at the discharge locations where the non-stormwater discharge is
leaving the project site. Potential discharge locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B
and identified in Section 7.7.4.2.
Grab samples shall be collected and preserved in accordance with the methods identified in
Table 7.23. Only personnel trained in water quality sampling under the direction of the QSP
shall collect samples.
Sample collection and handling requirements are described in Section 7.7.7.
7.7.4.6 Sample Analysis
Samples shall be analyzed using the analytical methods identified in Table 7.23.
7.7.4.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting
The QSP shall complete an evaluation of the water quality sample analytical results.
Turbidity and pH results shall be evaluated for compliance with NALs as identified in Section
7.7.2.7.
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Runoff results shall also be evaluated for the constituents suspected in the non-stormwater
discharge. Should the runoff sample indicate the discharge of a pollutant which cannot be
explained by run-on results, the BMPs, site conditions, and surrounding influences shall be
assessed to determine the probable cause for the increase.
As determined by the site and data evaluation, appropriate BMPs shall be repaired or modified to
mitigate discharges of non-visible pollutant concentrations. Any revisions to the BMPs shall be
recorded as an amendment to the CPPP.
Non-storm water discharge results shall be submitted with the Annual Report.
The General Permit prohibits the non-storm water discharges that contain hazardous substances
equal to or in excess of reportable quantities established in 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4. The
results of any non-stormwater discharge results that indicate the presence of a hazardous
substance in excess of established reportable quantities shall be immediately reported to the
Regional Water Board.
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Table 7.19 Sample Collection, Preservation and Analysis for Monitoring Pollutants in Non-Stormwater Discharges
Constituent Analytical Method
Minimum
Sample
Volume
Sample Bottle Sample Preservation Reporting
Limit
Maximum
Holding
Time
Lead Sulfate, Battery Acid EPA 150.1 pH/ EPA
300Sulfate 500 ml 500ml + Plastic
Container Ice/Refrigeration 10 pH/10
Sulfate
12 hrs/14
days
Lead from Vehicle Batteries EPA 6010b Lead 500 ml 500ml + Plastic
Container Nitric Acid 5 ppb 14 days
Solvents, VOC/SVOC EPA 601/602 or EPA
624 or EPA 625 40 ml 3 VOA HCL Several 14 days
Curing Compounds, non-
pigmented
SM 2310B/2320,
EPA150.1, 601, 602,
624, and 625
1000 ml 500 ml Plastic Ice/HCL Several
pH 24
hrs/14
days
Sealants, COD EPA 410.4 500 ml 500 ml Poly Sulfuric Acid ( H2SO4 )10 mg/l 8 days
Fertilizer, Nitrates EPA 300.0 100 ml 500 ml Poly Non-Req.0, 10 48 hrs
Notes:
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7.7.5 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Other Pollutants Required by the Regional
Water Board
The Regional Water Board has not specified monitoring for additional pollutants.
7.7.6 Training of Sampling Personnel
Sampling personnel shall be trained to collect, maintain, and ship samples in accordance with the
Surface Water Ambient Monitoring program (SWAMP) 2008 Quality Assurance Program Plan
(QAPrP). Training records of designated contractor sampling personnel are provided in
Appendix I.
7.7.7 Sample Collection and Handling
7.7.7.1 Sample Collection
Samples shall be collected at the designated sampling locations shown on the Site Maps and
listed in the preceding sections. Samples shall be collected, maintained and shipped in
accordance with the SWAMP 2008 Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPrP).
Grab samples shall be collected and preserved in accordance with the methods identified in
preceding sections.
To maintain sample integrity and prevent cross-contamination, sample collection personnel shall
follow the protocols below.
Collect samples (for laboratory analysis) only in analytical laboratory-provided
sample containers;
Wear clean, powder-free nitrile gloves when collecting samples;
Change gloves whenever something not known to be clean has been touched;
Change gloves between sites;
Decontaminate all equipment (e.g. bucket, tubing) prior to sample collection
using a trisodium phosphate water wash, distilled water rinse, and final rinse with
distilled water. (Dispose of wash and rinse water appropriately, i.e., do not discharge to
storm drain or receiving water). Do not decontaminate laboratory provided sample
containers;
Do not smoke during sampling events;
Never sample near a running vehicle;
Do not park vehicles in the immediate sample collection area (even non-running
vehicles);
Do not eat or drink during sample collection; and
Do not breathe, sneeze, or cough in the direction of an open sample container.
The most important aspect of grab sampling is to collect a sample that represents the entire
runoff stream. Typically, samples are collected by dipping the collection container in the runoff
flow paths and streams as noted below.
i. For small streams and flow paths, simply dip the bottle facing upstream until full.
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ii. For larger stream that can be safely accessed, collect a sample in the middle of the flow
stream by directly dipping the mouth of the bottle. Once again making sure that the
opening of the bottle is facing upstream as to avoid any contamination by the sampler.
iii. For larger streams that cannot be safely waded, pole-samplers may be needed to safely
access the representative flow.
iv. Avoid collecting samples from ponded, sluggish or stagnant water.
v. Avoid collecting samples directly downstream from a bridge as the samples can be
affected by the bridge structure or runoff from the road surface.
Note, that depending upon the specific analytical test, some containers may contain
preservatives. These containers should never be dipped into the stream, but filled indirectly from
the collection container.
SSC samples should be taken as a normal grab sample, where the bottle is submerged facing
upstream and filled. SSC samples need to be collected in a separate bottle because the analysis
requires the entire volume of the bottle. Do not collect in a larger container and partition into the
laboratory sample container.
7.7.7.2 Sample Handling
Turbidity and pH measurements must be conducted immediately. Do not store turbidity or pH
samples for later measurement.
Samples for laboratory analysis must be handled as follows. Immediately following sample
collection:
Cap sample containers;
Complete sample container labels;
Sealed containers in a re-sealable storage bag;
Place sample containers into an ice-chilled cooler;
Document sample information on the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet; and
Complete the CoC.
All samples for laboratory analysis must be maintained between 0-6 degrees Celsius during
delivery to the laboratory. Samples must be kept on ice, or refrigerated, from sample collection
through delivery to the laboratory. Place samples to be shipped inside coolers with ice. Make
sure the sample bottles are well packaged to prevent breakage and secure cooler lids with
packaging tape.
Ship samples that will be laboratory analyzed to the analytical laboratory right away. Hold times
are measured from the time the sample is collected to the time the sample is analyzed. The
General Permit requires that samples be received by the analytical laboratory within 48 hours of
the physical sampling (unless required sooner by the analytical laboratory).
Laboratory Name:MBC Aquatic Sciences
Address:3000 Red Hill Avenue
City, State Zip:Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Telephone Number:714-850-4830
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7.7.7.3 Sample Documentation Procedures
All original data documented on sample bottle identification labels, Effluent Sampling Field Log
Sheet, and CoCs shall be recorded using waterproof ink. These shall be considered accountable
documents. If an error is made on an accountable document, the individual shall make
corrections by lining through the error and entering the correct information. The erroneous
information shall not be obliterated. All corrections shall be initialed and dated.
Duplicate samples shall be identified consistent with the numbering system for other samples to
prevent the laboratory from identifying duplicate samples. Duplicate samples shall be identified
in the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet.
Sample documentation procedures include the following:
Sample Bottle Identification Labels: Sampling personnel shall attach an identification label to
each sample bottle. Sample identification shall uniquely identify each sample location.
Field Log Sheets: Sampling personnel shall complete the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet and
Receiving Water Sampling Field Log Sheet for each sampling event, as appropriate.
Chain of Custody: Sampling personnel shall complete the CoC for each sampling event for
which samples are collected for laboratory analysis. The sampler will sign the CoC when the
sample(s) is turned over to the testing laboratory or courier.
7.8 Active Treatment System Monitoring
An Active Treatment System (ATS) will be deployed on the site?
Yes No
This project does not require a project specific Sampling and Analysis Plan for an ATS because
deployment of an ATS is not planned.
7.9 Bioassessment Monitoring
This project is not subject to bioassessment monitoring because it is not a Risk Level 3 project.
7.10 Watershed Monitoring Option
This project is not participating in a watershed monitoring option.
7.11 Quality Assurance and Quality ControlAn effective Quality Assurance and
Quality Control (QA/QC) plan shall be implemented as part of the CSMP to ensure that
analytical data can be used with confidence. QA/QC procedures to be initiated include the
following:
Field logs;
Clean sampling techniques;
CoCs;
QA/QC Samples; and
Data verification.
Each of these procedures is discussed in more detail in the following sections.
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7.11.1 Field Logs
The purpose of field logs is to record sampling information and field observations during
monitoring that may explain any uncharacteristic analytical results. Sampling information to be
included in the field log include the date and time of water quality sample collection, sampling
personnel, sample container identification numbers, and types of samples that were collected.
Field observations should be noted in the field log for any abnormalities at the sampling location
(color, odor, BMPs, etc.). Field measurements for pH and turbidity should also be recorded in
the field log. A Visual Inspection Field Log, an Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet are included
in CSMP Attachment 3 “Example Forms”.
7.11.2 Clean Sampling Techniques
Clean sampling techniques involve the use of certified clean containers for sample collection and
clean powder-free nitrile gloves during sample collection and handling. As discussed in Section
7.7.7, adoption of a clean sampling approach will minimize the chance of field contamination
and questionable data results.
7.11.3 Chain of Custody
The sample CoC is an important documentation step that tracks samples from collection through
analysis to ensure the validity of the sample. Sample CoC procedures include the following:
Proper labeling of samples;
Use of CoC forms for all samples; and
Prompt sample delivery to the analytical laboratory.
Analytical laboratories usually provide CoC forms to be filled out for sample containers. An
example CoC is included in CSMP Attachment 3 “Example Forms”.
7.11.4 QA/QC Samples
QA/QC samples provide an indication of the accuracy and precision of the sample collection;
sample handling; field measurements; and analytical laboratory methods. The following types of
QA/QC will be conducted for this project:
Field Duplicates at a frequency of 1 duplicate minimum per sampling event
(Required for all sampling plans with field measurements or laboratory analysis)
Equipment Blanks at a frequency of [Insert frequency required by method]
(Only needed if equipment used to collect samples could add the pollutants to sample)
Field Blanks at a frequency of [Insert frequency required by method]
(Only required if sampling method calls for field blanks)
Travel Blanks at a frequency of [Insert frequency required by method]
(Required for sampling plans that include VOC laboratory analysis)
7.11.4.1 Field Duplicates
Field duplicates provide verification of laboratory or field analysis and sample collection.
Duplicate samples shall be collected, handled, and analyzed using the same protocols as primary
samples. The sample location where field duplicates are collected shall be randomly selected
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from the discharge locations. Duplicate samples shall be collected immediately after the primary
sample has been collected. Duplicate samples must be collected in the same manner and as close
in time as possible to the original sample. Duplicate samples shall not influence any evaluations
or conclusion.
7.11.4.2 Equipment Blanks
Equipment blanks provide verification that equipment has not introduced a pollutant into the
sample. Equipment blanks are typically collected when:
New equipment is used;
Equipment that has been cleaned after use at a contaminated site;
Equipment that is not dedicated for surface water sampling is used; or
Whenever a new lot of filters is used when sampling metals.
7.11.4.3 Field Blanks
Field blanks assess potential sample contamination levels that occur during field sampling
activities. De-ionized water field blanks are taken to the field, transferred to the appropriate
container, and treated the same as the corresponding sample type during the course of a sampling
event.
7.11.4.4 Travel Blanks
Travel blanks assess the potential for cross-contamination of volatile constituents between
sample containers during shipment from the field to the laboratory. De-ionized water blanks are
taken along for the trip and held unopened in the same cooler with the VOC samples.
7.11.5 Data Verification
After results are received from the analytical laboratory, the QSP shall verify the data to ensure
that it is complete, accurate, and the appropriate QA/QC requirements were met. Data must be
verified as soon as the data reports are received. Data verification shall include:
Check the CoC and laboratory reports.
Make sure all requested analyses were performed and all samples are accounted for in
the reports.
Check laboratory reports to make sure hold times were met and that the reporting levels
meet or are lower than the reporting levels agreed to in the contract.
Check data for outlier values and follow up with the laboratory.
Occasionally typographical errors, unit reporting errors, or incomplete results are
reported and should be easily detected. These errors need to be identified, clarified, and
corrected quickly by the laboratory. The QSP should especially note data that is an
order of magnitude or more different than similar locations, or is inconsistent with
previous data from the same location.
Check laboratory QA/QC results.
EPA establishes QA/QC checks and acceptable criteria for laboratory analyses. These
data are typically reported along with the sample results. The QSP shall evaluate the
reported QA/QC data to check for contamination (method, field, and equipment blanks),
precision (laboratory matrix spike duplicates), and accuracy (matrix spikes and
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laboratory control samples). When QA/QC checks are outside acceptable ranges, the
laboratory must flag the data, and usually provides an explanation of the potential
impact to the sample results.
Check the data set for outlier values and, accordingly, confirm results and re-analyze
samples where appropriate.
Sample re-analysis should only be undertaken when it appears that some part of the
QA/QC resulted in a value out of the accepted range. Sample results may not be
discounted unless the analytical laboratory identifies the required QA/QC criteria were
not met and confirms this in writing.
Field data including inspections and observations must be verified as soon as the field logs are
received, typically at the end of the sampling event. Field data verification shall include:
Check field logs to make sure all required measurements were completed and
appropriately documented;
Check reported values that appear out of the typical range or inconsistent;
Follow-up immediately to identify potential reporting or equipment problems, if
appropriate, recalibrate equipment after sampling;
Verify equipment calibrations;
Review observations noted on the field logs; and
Review notations of any errors and actions taken to correct the equipment or recording
errors.
7.12 Records Retention
All records of stormwater monitoring information and copies of reports (including Annual
Reports) must be retained for a period of at least three years from date of submittal or longer if
required by the Regional Water Board.
Results of visual monitoring, field measurements, and laboratory analyses must be kept in the
CPPP along with CoCs, and other documentation related to the monitoring.
Records are to be kept onsite while construction is ongoing. Records to be retained include:
The date, place, and time of inspections, sampling, visual observations, and/or
measurements, including precipitation;
The individual(s) who performed the inspections, sampling, visual observation, and/or
field measurements;
The date and approximate time of field measurements and laboratory analyses;
The individual(s) who performed the laboratory analyses;
A summary of all analytical results, the method detection limits and reporting limits, and
the analytical techniques or methods used;
Rain gauge readings from site inspections;
QA/QC records and results;
Calibration records;
Visual observation and sample collection exemption records;
The records of any corrective actions and follow-up activities that resulted from analytical
results, visual observations, or inspections; and NAL Exceedance Reports.
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CSMP Attachment 1: Weather Reports
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CSMP Attachment 2: Monitoring Records
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CSMP Attachment 3: Example Forms
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Rain Gauge Log Sheet
Construction Site Name:
WDID #:
Date
(mm/dd/yy)
Time
(24-hr)Initials Rainfall Depth
(Inches)Notes:
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Visual Inspection Field Log Sheet
Date and Time of Inspection:Report Date:
Inspection Type:□ Weekly □ Before
predicted
rain
□ During
rain event
□
Following
qualifying
rain event
□
Contained
stormwater
release
□ Quarterly
non-
stormwater
Site Information
Construction Site Name: Edgewater Avenue
Construction stage and
completed activities:
Approximate area
of exposed site: 0.04
Weather and Observations
Date Rain Predicted to Occur:Predicted % chance of rain:
Estimate storm beginning:
(date and time)
Estimate storm
duration:_________
(hours)
Estimate time
since last storm:
________
(days or hours)
Rain gauge
reading: _______
(inches)
Observations: If yes identify location
Odors Yes □No □
Floating material Yes □No □
Suspended Material Yes □No □
Sheen Yes □No □
Discolorations Yes □No □
Turbidity Yes □No □
Site Inspections
Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted
(add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists)
Photos Taken:Yes □No □Photo Reference IDs:
Corrective Actions Identified (note if CPPP/REAP change is needed)
Inspector Information
Inspector Name:Inspector Title:
Signature:Date:
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Risk Level 2
Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets
Construction Site Name: Edgewater Avenue Date:Time Start:
Sampler:
Sampling Event Type:□ Stormwater □ Non-stormwater □ Non-visible pollutant
Field Meter Calibration
pH Meter ID No./Desc.:
Calibration Date/Time:
Turbidity Meter ID No./Desc.:
Calibration Date/Time:
Field pH and Turbidity Measurements
Discharge Location Description pH Turbidity Time
Grab Samples Collected
Discharge Location Description Sample Type Time
Additional Sampling Notes:
Time End:
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NAL Exceedance Evaluation Summary Report Page __ of __
Project Name
Project WDID
Project Location
Date of Exceedance
Type of Exceedance
NAL Daily Average pH Turbidity
Other (specify)
Measurement or
Analytical Method
Field meter
(Sensitivity: )
Lab method (specify)
(Reporting Limit: )
(MDL: )
Calculated Daily
Average
pH pH units
Turbidity NTU
Rain Gauge
Measurement inches
Compliance Storm
Event inches (5-year, 24-hour event)
Visual Observations
on Day of
Exceedance
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NAL Exceedance Evaluation Summary Report Page __ of __
Description of BMPs
in Place at Time of
Event
Initial Assessment
of Cause
Corrective Actions
Taken (deployed
after exceedance)
Additional
Corrective Actions
Proposed
Report Completed
By
(Print Name, Title)
Signature
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CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY DATE: Lab ID:
DESTINATION LAB:
REQUESTED
ANALYSIS Notes:
ATTN:
ADDRESS:
Office Phone:
Cell Phone:
SAMPLED BY:
Contact:
Project Name
Sample Sample Sample ContainerClient Sample ID Date Time Matrix #Type Pres.
SENDER COMMENTS:
RELINQUISHED
BY
Signature:
Print:
Company:
Date: TIME:
LABORATORY COMMENTS: RECEIVED BY
Signature:
Print:
Company:
Date: TIME:
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CSMP Attachment 4: Field Meter Instructions
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CSMP Attachment 5: Supplemental Information
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Section 8 References
Project Plans and Specifications No. 3886 dated October, 2022 prepared by Thienes Engineering
Inc.
State Water Resources Control Board (2009). Order 2009-0009-DWQ, NPDES General Permit
No. CAS000002: National Pollutant Discharges Elimination System (NPDES) California
General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Construction and Land Disturbing
Activities. Available on-line at:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/construction.shtml.
State Water Resources Control Board (2010). Order 2010-0014-DWQ, NPDES General Permit
No. CAS000002: National Pollutant Discharges Elimination System (NPDES) California
General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Construction and Land Disturbing
Activities. Available on-line at:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/construction.shtml.
State Water Resources Control Board (2012). Order 2012-0006-DWQ, NPDES General Permit
No. CAS000002: National Pollutant Discharges Elimination System (NPDES) California
General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Construction and Land Disturbing
Activities. Available on-line at:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/construction.shtml.
CASQA 2019, Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal: Construction, December 2019,
www.casqa.org
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Appendix A:Site Maps
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Appendix B:CPPP Amendment Certifications
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Appendix C:Construction Schedule
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Appendix D:BMP Inspection Form
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BMP INSPECTION REPORT
Date and Time of Inspection:Date Report Written:
Inspection Type:(Circle one)
Weekly
Complete Parts
I,II,III and VII
Pre-Storm
Complete Parts
I,II,III,IV and VII
During Rain Event
Complete Parts I, II,
III, V, and VII
Post-Storm
Complete Parts
I,II,III,VI and VII
Part I. General Information
Site Information
Construction Site Name: Edgewater Avenue
Construction stage and
completed activities:
Approximate area
of site that is exposed:
Photos Taken:
(Circle one)Yes No Photo Reference IDs:
Weather
Estimate storm beginning:(date and time)Estimate storm duration:(hours)
Estimate time since last storm:
(days or hours)
Rain gauge reading and location:
(in)
Is a “Qualifying Event” predicted or did one occur (i.e., 0.5” rain with 48-hrs or greater between events)? (Y/N)
If yes, summarize forecast:
Exemption Documentation (explanation required if inspection could not be conducted). Visual
inspections are not required outside of business hours or during dangerous weather conditions such as flooding
or electrical storms.
Inspector Information
Inspector Name:Inspector Title:
Signature:Date:
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Part II. BMP Observations. Describe deficiencies in Part III.
Minimum BMPs for Risk Level _____ Sites
Failures or
other short
comings
(yes, no, N/A)
Action
Required
(yes/no)
Action
Implemented
(Date)
Good Housekeeping for Construction Materials
Inventory of products (excluding materials designed to be
outdoors)
Stockpiled construction materials not actively in use are
covered and bermed
All chemicals are stored in watertight containers with
appropriate secondary containment, or in a completely
enclosed storage shed
Construction materials are minimally exposed to precipitation
BMPs preventing the off-site tracking of materials are
implemented and properly effective
Good Housekeeping for Waste Management
Wash/rinse water and materials are prevented from being
disposed into the storm drain system
Portable toilets are contained to prevent discharges of waste
Sanitation facilities are clean and with no apparent for leaks
and spills
Equipment is in place to cover waste disposal containers at
the end of business day and during rain events
Discharges from waste disposal containers are prevented from
discharging to the storm drain system / receiving water
Stockpiled waste material is securely protected from wind and
rain if not actively in use
Procedures are in place for addressing hazardous and non-
hazardous spills
Appropriate spill response personnel are assigned and trained
Equipment and materials for cleanup of spills is available
onsite
Washout areas (e.g., concrete) are contained appropriately to
prevent discharge or infiltration into the underlying soil
Good Housekeeping for Vehicle Storage and Maintenance
Measures are in place to prevent oil, grease, or fuel from
leaking into the ground, storm drains, or surface waters
All equipment or vehicles are fueled, maintained, and stored in
a designated area with appropriate BMPs
Vehicle and equipment leaks are cleaned immediately and
disposed of properly
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Part II. BMP Observations Continued. Describe deficiencies in Part III.
Minimum BMPs for Risk Level _____ Sites
Adequately
designed,
implemented and
effective
(yes, no, N/A)
Action
Required
(yes/no)
Action
Implemented
(Date)
Good Housekeeping for Landscape Materials
Stockpiled landscape materials such as mulches and topsoil
are contained and covered when not actively in use
Erodible landscape material has not been applied 2 days
before a forecasted rain event or during an event
Erodible landscape materials are applied at quantities and
rates in accordance with manufacturer recommendations
Bagged erodible landscape materials are stored on pallets and
covered
Good Housekeeping for Air Deposition of Site Materials
Good housekeeping measures are implemented onsite to
control the air deposition of site materials and from site
operations
Non-Stormwater Management
Non-Stormwater discharges are properly controlled
Vehicles are washed in a manner to prevent non-stormwater
discharges to surface waters or drainage systems
Streets are cleaned in a manner to prevent unauthorized non-
stormwater discharges to surface waters or drainage systems.
Erosion Controls
Wind erosion controls are effectively implemented
Effective soil cover is provided for disturbed areas inactive
(i.e., not scheduled to be disturbed for 14 days) as well as
finished slopes, open space, utility backfill, and completed lots
The use of plastic materials is limited in cases when a more
sustainable, environmentally friendly alternative exists.
Sediment Controls
Perimeter controls are established and effective at controlling
erosion and sediment discharges from the site
Entrances and exits are stabilized to control erosion and
sediment discharges from the site
Sediment basins are properly maintained
Linear sediment control along toe of slope, face of slope an at
grade breaks (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only)
Limit construction activity to and from site to entrances and
exits that employ effective controls to prevent offsite tracking
(Risk Level 2 & 3 Only)
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Ensure all storm, drain inlets and perimeter controls, runoff
control BMPs and pollutants controls at entrances and exits
are maintained and protected from activities the reduce their
effectiveness (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only)
Inspect all immediate access roads daily (Risk Level 2 & 3
Only)
Run-On and Run-Off Controls
Run-on to the site is effectively managed and directed away
from all disturbed areas.
Other
Are the project CPPP and BMP plan up to date, available on-site and being properly implemented?
Part III. Descriptions of BMP Deficiencies
Repairs Implemented:
Note - Repairs must begin within 72 hours of identification and,
complete repairs as soon as possible.Deficiency
Start Date Action
1.
2.
3.
4.
Part IV. Additional Pre-Storm Observations. Note the presence or absence of floating and
suspended materials, sheen, discoloration, turbidity, odors, and source(s) of pollutants(s).
Yes, No, N/A
Do stormwater storage and containment areas have adequate freeboard? If no, complete Part III.
Are drainage areas free of spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources? If no, complete Part VII and describe below.
Notes:
Are stormwater storage and containment areas free of leaks? If no, complete Parts III and/or VII
and describe below.
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Notes:
Part V. Additional During Storm Observations. If BMPs cannot be inspected during
inclement weather, list the results of visual inspections at all relevant outfalls, discharge points,
and downstream locations. Note odors or visible sheen on the surface of discharges. Complete
Part VII (Corrective Actions) as needed.
Outfall, Discharge Point, or Other Downstream Location
Location Description
Location Description
Location Description
Location Description
Location Description
Location Description
Location Description
Location Description
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Part VI. Additional Post-Storm Observations. Visually observe (inspect) stormwater
discharges at all discharge locations within two business days (48 hours) after each qualifying
rain event, and observe (inspect) the discharge of stored or contained stormwater that is
derived from and discharged subsequent to a qualifying rain event producing precipitation of ½
inch or more at the time of discharge. Complete Part VII (Corrective Actions) as needed.
Discharge Location, Storage
or Containment Area
Visual Observation
Part VII. Additional Corrective Actions Required. Identify additional corrective actions not
included with BMP Deficiencies (Part III) above. Note if CPPP change is required.
Required Actions Implementation Date
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Appendix E: Training Reporting Form
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Trained Contractor Personnel Log
Stormwater Management Training Log and Documentation
Project Name: Edgewater Avenue
WDID #:
Stormwater Management Topic: (check as appropriate)
Erosion Control Sediment Control
Wind Erosion Control Tracking Control
Non-Stormwater Management Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control
Stormwater Sampling
Specific Training Objective:
Location: Date: _
Instructor:Telephone:
Course Length (hours):
Attendee Roster (Attach additional forms if necessary)
Name Company Phone
As needed, add proof of external training (e.g., course completion certificates, credentials for
QSP, QSD).
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Appendix F: Responsible Parties
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Authorization of Approved Signatories
Project Name: Edgewater Avenue
WDID #:
Name of Personnel Company Date
Bob jacob Bob jacob 10/21/2022
Identification of QSP
The following are QSPs associated with this project
Name of Personnel(1)Company Date
(1) If additional QSPs are required on the job site add additional lines and include information here
Identification of Contractors/Subcontractors
The following are contractors/subcontractors associated with this project:
Company:
Address:
Contractor Contact:
Phone:
Phone (24/7):
Email:
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Appendix G:Construction Activities, Materials Used,
and Associated Pollutants
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Table G.1 Construction Activities and Associated Pollutants
Phase Activity Associated Materials or
Pollutants Pollutant Category(1)
REMOVAL OF EXISTING
STRUCTURES
DEMOLITION OF
ASPHALT, CONCRETE,
MASONRY, FRAMING,
ROOFING, METAL
STRUCTURES.
METALS, OIL AND GREASE,
SYNTHETIC ORGANICS
SANITARY WASTE PORTABLE TOILETS
DISTURBANCE OF
EXISTING SEWER LINES.
NUTRIENTS
SOIL
PREPARATION/AMENDMENTS
USE OF SOIL
ADDITIVES/AMENDMENTS
NUTRIENTS
SOLID WASTE LITTER, TRASH AND
DEBRIS
VEGETATION
GROSS POLLUTANTS
Grading and Land DevelopmentVEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT USE EQUIPMENT OPERATION
EQUIPMENT
MAINTENANCE
EQUIPMENT WASHING
EQUIPMENT FUELING
OIL AND GREASE
ADHESIVES ADHESIVES, GLUES,
RESINS, EPOXY
SYNTHETICS, PVC
CEMENT
CAULKS, SEALERS,
PUTTY, SEALING AGENTS
AND
COAL TARS (NAPHTHA,
PITCH)
OIL AND GREASE,
SYNTHETIC ORGANICS1
ASPHALT PAVING/CURBS HOT AND COLD MIX
ASPHALT
OIL AND GREASE
SANITARY WASTE PORTABLE TOILETS
DISTURBANCE OF
EXISTING SEWER LINES.
NUTRIENTS
UTILITY LINE TESTING AND
FLUSHING
HYDROSTATIC TEST
WATER
PIPE FLUSHING
SYNTHETIC ORGANICS
Streets and Utilities PhaseVEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT USE EQUIPMENT OPERATION
EQUIPMENT
MAINTENANCE
EQUIPMENT WASHING
EQUIPMENT FUELING
OIL AND GREASEVertical Construction PhaseADHESIVES ADHESIVES, GLUES,
RESINS, EPOXY
SYNTHETICS, PVC
CEMENT
OIL AND GREASE,
SYNTHETIC ORGANICS1
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CAULKS, SEALERS,
PUTTY, SEALING AGENTS
AND
COAL TARS (NAPHTHA,
PITCH)
CLEANERS POLISHES (METAL,
CERAMIC, TILE)
ETCHING AGENTS
CLEANERS, AMMONIA,
LYE, CAUSTIC SODAS,
BLEACHING AGENTS AND
CHROMATE SALTS
METALS, SYNTHETIC
ORGANICS
CONCRETE / MASONRY CEMENT AND BRICK
DUST
COLORED CHALKS
CONCRETE CURING
COMPOUNDS
GLAZING COMPOUNDS
SURFACES CLEANERS
SAW CUT SLURRIES
TILE CUTTING
METALS, SYNTHETIC
ORGANICS
DRYWALL SAW-CUTTING DRYWALL METALS
FRAMING/CARPENTRY SAWDUST, PARTICLE
BOARD DUST, AND
TREATED WOODS
SAW CUT SLURRIES
METALS, SYNTHETIC
ORGANICS
HEATING, VENTILATION, AIR
CONDITIONING
DEMOLITION OR
CONSTRUCTION OF AIR
CONDITION AND HEATING
SYSTEMS
METALS, SYNTHETIC
ORGANICS
INSULATION DEMOLITION OR
CONSTRUCTION
INVOLVING INSULATION,
VENTING SYSTEMS
METALS, SYNTHETIC
ORGANICS
LIQUID WASTE WASH WATERS
IRRIGATION LINE
TESTING/FLUSHING
METALS, SYNTHETIC
ORGANICS
PAINTING PAINT THINNERS,
ACETONE, METHYL
ETHYL KETONE, STRIPPER
PAINTS, LACQUERS,
VARNISH, ENAMELS,
TURPENTINE, GUM SPIRIT,
SOLVENTS, DYES,
STRIPPING PIGMENTS AND
SANDING
METALS, SYNTHETIC
ORGANICS
PLUMBING SOLDER (LEAD, TIN),
FLUX (ZINC CHLORIDE),
PIPE FITTING
GALVANIZED METAL IN
NAILS, FENCES, AND
ELECTRIC WIRING
METALS, SYNTHETIC
ORGANICS
ROOFING FLASHING METALS, OIL AND GREASE,
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(1) Categories per CASQA BMP Handbook (i.e., Sediment, Nutrients, Bacteria and Viruses, Oil and Grease, Metals,
Synthetic Organics, Pesticides, Gross Pollutants, and Vector Production)
SAW CUT SLURRIES (TILE
CUTTING)
SHINGLE SCRAP AND
DEBRIS
SYNTHETIC ORGANICS
SANITARY WASTE PORTABLE TOILETS
DISTURBANCE OF
EXISTING SEWER LINES.
NUTRIENTS
SOLID WASTE LITTER, TRASH AND
DEBRIS
VEGETATION
GROSS POLLUTANTS
VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT USE EQUIPMENT OPERATION
EQUIPMENT
MAINTENANCE
EQUIPMENT WASHING
EQUIPMENT FUELING
OIL AND GREASE
LIQUID WASTE WASH WATERS
IRRIGATION LINE
TESTING/FLUSHING
METALS, SYNTHETIC
ORGANICS
PLANTING / VEGETATION
MANAGEMENT
VEGETATION CONTROL
(PESTICIDES/HERBICIDES)
PLANTING
PLANT MAINTENANCE
VEGETATION REMOVAL
NUTRIENTS, METALS,
SYNTHETIC ORGANICS
SANITARY WASTE PORTABLE TOILETS
DISTURBANCE OF
EXISTING SEWER LINES.
NUTRIENTS
SOLID WASTE LITTER, TRASH AND
DEBRIS
VEGETATION
GROSS POLLUTANTS
Landscaping and Site Stabilization PhaseVEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT USE EQUIPMENT OPERATION
EQUIPMENT
MAINTENANCE
EQUIPMENT WASHING
EQUIPMENT FUELING
OIL AND GREASE
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Appendix H:CASQA Stormwater BMP Handbook
Portal: Construction Fact Sheet
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Scheduling EC-1
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Description and Purpose
Scheduling is the development of a written plan that includes
sequencing of construction activities and the implementation of
BMPs such as erosion control and sediment control while
taking local climate (rainfall, wind, etc.) into consideration.
The purpose is to reduce the amount and duration of soil
exposed to erosion by wind, rain, runoff, and vehicle tracking,
and to perform the construction activities and control practices
in accordance with the planned schedule.
Suitable Applications
Proper sequencing of construction activities to reduce erosion
potential should be incorporated into the schedule of every
construction project especially during rainy season. Use of
other, more costly yet less effective, erosion and sediment
control BMPs may often be reduced through proper
construction sequencing.
Limitations
Environmental constraints such as nesting season
prohibitions reduce the full capabilities of this BMP.
Implementation
Avoid rainy periods. Schedule major grading operations
during dry months when practical. Allow enough time
before rainfall begins to stabilize the soil with vegetation or
physical means or to install sediment trapping devices.
Plan the project and develop a schedule showing each phase
of construction. Clearly show how the rainy season relates
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
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to soil disturbing and re-stabilization activities. Incorporate the construction schedule into
the SWPPP.
Include on the schedule, details on the rainy season implementation and deployment of:
- Erosion control BMPs
- Sediment control BMPs
- Tracking control BMPs
- Wind erosion control BMPs
- Non-stormwater BMPs
- Waste management and materials pollution control BMPs
Include dates for activities that may require non-stormwater discharges such as dewatering,
sawcutting, grinding, drilling, boring, crushing, blasting, painting, hydro-demolition, mortar
mixing, pavement cleaning, etc.
Work out the sequencing and timetable for the start and completion of each item such as site
clearing and grubbing, grading, excavation, paving, foundation pouring utilities installation,
etc., to minimize the active construction area during the rainy season.
- Sequence trenching activities so that most open portions are closed before new
trenching begins.
- Incorporate staged seeding and re-vegetation of graded slopes as work progresses.
- Schedule establishment of permanent vegetation during appropriate planting time for
specified vegetation.
Non-active areas should be stabilized as soon as practical after the cessation of soil
disturbing activities or one day prior to the onset of precipitation.
Monitor the weather forecast for rainfall.
When rainfall is predicted, adjust the construction schedule to allow the implementation of
soil stabilization and sediment treatment controls on all disturbed areas prior to the onset of
rain.
Be prepared year-round to deploy erosion control and sediment control BMPs. Erosion may
be caused during dry seasons by un-seasonal rainfall, wind, and vehicle tracking. Keep the
site stabilized year-round and retain and maintain rainy season sediment trapping devices in
operational condition.
Apply permanent erosion control to areas deemed substantially complete during the
Avoid soil disturbance during periods with high wind velocities.
Costs
Construction scheduling to reduce erosion may increase other construction costs due to reduced
economies of scale in performing site grading. The cost effectiveness of scheduling techniques
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should be compared with the other less effective erosion and sedimentation controls to achieve a
cost-effective balance.
Inspection and Maintenance
Verify that work is progressing in accordance with the schedule. If progress deviates, take
corrective actions.
Amend the schedule when changes are warranted.
Amend the schedule prior to the rainy season to show updated information on the
deployment and implementation of construction site BMPs.
References
Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and
Best Management Practices (EPA 832-R-92-005), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office
of Water, September 1992.
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Description and Purpose
Hydraulic Mulch consists of various types of fibrous materials
mixed with water and sprayed onto the soil surface in slurry
form to provide a layer of temporary protection from wind and
water erosion.
Suitable Applications
Hydraulic mulch as a temporary, stand alone, erosion control
BMP is suitable for disturbed areas that require temporary
protection from wind and water erosion until permanent soil
stabilization activities commence. Examples include:
Rough-graded areas that will remain inactive for longer
than permit-required thresholds (e.g., 14 days) or otherwise
require stabilization to minimize erosion or prevent
sediment discharges.
Soil stockpiles.
Slopes with exposed soil between existing vegetation such
as trees or shrubs.
Slopes planted with live, container-grown vegetation or
plugs.
Slopes burned by wildfire.
To stabilize earthen berms
Areas seeded by broadcasting or drilling
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
EC-4 Hydroseeding
EC-5 Soil Binders
EC-6 Straw Mulch
EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats
EC-8 Wood Mulching
EC-14 Compost Blanket
EC-16 Non-Vegetative Stabilization
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
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Temporary stabilization during high wind conditions
Hydraulic mulch can also be applied to augment other erosion control BMPs such as:
In conjunction with straw mulch (see EC-6 Straw Mulch) where the rate of hydraulic mulch
is reduced to 100-500 lbs per acre and the slurry is applied over the straw as a tackifying
agent to hold the straw in place.
Supplemental application of soil amendments, such as fertilizer, lime, gypsum, soil bio-
stimulants or compost.
Limitations
In general, hydraulic mulch is not limited by slope length, gradient or soil type. However, the
following limitations typically apply:
Most hydraulic mulch applications, particularly bonded fiber matrices (BFMs), require at
least 24 hours to dry before rainfall occurs.
Temporary applications (i.e., without a vegetative component) may require a second
application in order to remain effective for an entire rainy season.
Treatment areas must be accessible to hydraulic mulching equipment.
Availability of water sources in remote areas for mixing and application.
As a stand-alone temporary BMP, hydraulic mulches may need to be re-applied to maintain
their erosion control effectiveness, typically after 6-12 months depending on the type of
mulch used.
Availability of hydraulic mulching equipment may be limited just prior to the rainy season
and prior to storms due to high demand.
Cellulose fiber mulches alone may not perform well on steep slopes or in course soils.
This BMP consists of a mixture of several constituents (e.g., fibers/mulches, compost,
tackifiers, and other chemical constituents), some of which may be proprietary and may
come pre-mixed by the manufacturer. The water quality impacts of these constituents are
relatively unknown, and some may have water quality impacts due to their chemical
makeup. Refer to specific chemical properties identified in the product Safety Data Sheet
(may not include ecological information); products should be evaluated for project-specific
implementation by the SWPPP Preparer. Refer to factsheet EC-05 for further guidance on
selecting soil binders.
A water supply is needed to refill hydro mulch equipment tank.
Cannot be disturbed by walking or driving on the surface after application.
Recommend using in conjunction with other BMPs (i.e., fiber rolls, etc.).
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Implementation
Where feasible, it is preferable to prepare soil surfaces prior to application by roughening
embankments and fill areas with a crimping or punching type roller or by track walking.
The majority of hydraulic mulch applications do not necessarily require surface/soil
preparation (See EC-15 Soil Preparation) although in almost every case where re-vegetation
is included as part of the practice, soil preparation can be beneficial. One of the advantages
of hydraulic mulch over other erosion control methods is that it can be applied in areas
where soil preparation is precluded by site conditions, such as steep slopes, rocky soils, or
inaccessibility.
Avoid mulch over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, existing vegetation, etc.
Hydraulic mulching is generally performed utilizing specialized machines that have a large
water-holding/mixing tank and some form of mechanical agitation or other recirculation
method to keep water, mulch and soil amendments in suspension. The mixed hydraulic
slurry can be applied from a tower sprayer on top of the machine or by extending a hose to
areas remote from the machine.
Where possible apply hydraulic mulch from multiple directions to adequately cover the soil.
Application from a single direction can result in shadowing, uneven coverage and failure of
the BMP.
Hydraulic mulch can also include a vegetative component, such as seed, rhizomes, or stolons
(see EC-4 Hydraulic Seed).
Typical hydraulic mulch application rates range from 2,000 pounds per acre for standard
mulches (SMs) to 3,500 lbs. per acre for BFMs. However, the required amount of hydraulic
mulch to provide adequate coverage of exposed topsoil may appear to exceed the standard
rates when the roughness of the soil surface is changed due to soil preparation methods (see
EC-15 Soil Preparation) or by slope gradient.
Other factors such as existing soil moisture and soil texture can have a profound effect on
the amount of hydraulic mulch required (i.e. application rate) applied to achieve an erosion-
resistant covering.
Avoid use of mulch without a tackifier component, especially on slopes.
Mulches used in the hydraulic mulch slurry can include:
- Cellulose fiber (paper- or corn-based)
- Wood fibers
- Cotton
- Synthetics
- Compost (see EC-14, Compost Blanket)
- Straw
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Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization
methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook.
Categories of Hydraulic Mulches
Standard Hydraulic Mulch (SM)
Standard hydraulic mulches are generally applied at a rate of 2,000 lbs. per acre and are
manufactured containing around 5% tackifier (i.e. soil binder), usually a plant-derived guar or
psyllium type. Most standard mulches are green in color derived from food-color based dyes.
Hydraulic Matrices (HM) and Stabilized Fiber Matrices (SFM)
Hydraulic matrices and stabilized fiber matrices are slurries which contain increased levels of
tackifiers/soil binders; usually 10% or more by weight. HMs and SFMs have improved
performance compared to a standard hydraulic mulch (SM) because of the additional
percentage of tackifier and because of their higher application rates, typically 2,500 4,000 lbs.
per acre. Hydraulic matrices can include a mixture of fibers, for example, a 50/50 blend of
paper and wood fiber. In the case of an SFM, the tackifier/soil binder is specified as a
polyacrylamide (PAM).
Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFM)
Bonded fiber matrices (BFMs) are hydraulically-applied systems of fibers, adhesives (typically
guar- or polymer-based) and chemical cross-links. Upon drying, the slurry forms an erosion-
resistant blanket that prevents soil erosion and promotes vegetation establishment. The cross-
linked adhesive in the BFM should be biodegradable and should not dissolve or disperse upon
re-wetting. BFMs are typically applied at rates from 3,000 to 4,000 lbs. per acre based on the
BFMs should not be applied immediately before, during or
immediately after rainfall or if the soil is saturated. Depending on the product, BFMs typically
require 12 to 24 hours to dry and become effective.
Hydraulic Compost Matrix (HCM)
Hydraulic compost matrix (HCM) is a field-derived practice whereby finely graded or sifted
compost is introduced into the hydraulic mulch slurry. A guar-type tackifier can be added for
steeper slope applications as well as any specified seed mixtures. An HCM can help to accelerate
seed germination and growth. HCMs are particularly useful as an in-fill for three-dimensional
re-vegetation geocomposites, such as turf reinforcement mats (TRM) (see EC-7 Geotextiles and
Mats).
Costs
Average installed costs for hydraulic mulch categories are is provided in Table 1, below.
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Table
HYDRAULIC MULCH BMPs
INSTALLED COSTS
BMP Installed Cost/Acre
Standard Hydraulic Mulching (SM) $2,100 - $4,700 per acre
Hydraulic Matrices (HM) and Stabilized Fiber Matrices
Guar-based
PAM-based
$2,600 - $5,200 per acre
$3,200 - $7,200 per acre
Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFM) $5,000 - $8,800 per acre
Hydraulic Compost Matrix (HCM) $3,800 - $4,500 per acre
Source: Cost information received from individual product manufacturers solicited by
Geosyntec Consultants (2004). Adjusted for inflation (2016 dollars) by Tetra Tech, Inc.
Inspection and Maintenance
Maintain an unbroken, temporary mulched ground cover throughout the period of
construction when the soils are not being reworked.
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Areas where erosion is evident should be repaired and BMPs re-applied as soon as possible.
Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs, as
any area damaged will require re-application of BMPs.
Compare the number of bags or weight of applied mulch to the area treated to determine
actual application rates and compliance with specifications.
References
Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls: Cost Survey Technical
Memorandum, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2007.
Controlling Erosion of Construction Sites, Agricultural Information #347, U.S. Department of
Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) (formerly Soil
Conservation Service SCS).
Guides for Erosion and Sediment Control in California, USDA Soils Conservation Service,
January 1991.
Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area
Governments, May 1995.
Sedimentation and Erosion Control, an Inventory of Current Practices Draft, US EPA, April
1990.
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Soil Erosion by Water, Agriculture Information Bulletin #513, U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Soil Conservation Service.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Guidance Document: Soil Stabilization for Temporary Slopes, State of California Department of
Transportation (Caltrans), November 1999
Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75,
Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992.
Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of
Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988.
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Soil Binders EC-5
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Description and Purpose
Soil binding consists of application and maintenance of a soil
stabilizer to exposed soil surfaces. Soil binders are materials
applied to the soil surface to temporarily prevent water and
wind induced erosion of exposed soils on construction sites.
Suitable Applications
Soil binders are typically applied to disturbed areas requiring
temporary protection. Because soil binders, when used as a
stand-alone practice, can often be incorporated into the soil,
they are a good alternative to mulches in areas where grading
activities will soon resume. Soil binders are commonly used in
the following areas:
Rough graded soils that will be inactive for a short period of
time.
Soil stockpiles.
Temporary haul roads prior to placement of crushed rock.
Compacted soil road base.
Construction staging, materials storage, and layout areas.
Slopes and areas requiring stabilization prior to rain.
Disturbed areas subject to high winds.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch
EC-4 Hydroseeding
EC-6 Straw Mulch
EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats
EC-8 Wood Mulching
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Soil Binders EC-5
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 9
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Limitations
Soil binders are temporary in nature and may need reapplication.
Soil binders require a minimum curing time until fully effective, as prescribed by the
manufacturer. Curing time may be 24 hours or longer. Soil binders may need reapplication
after a storm event.
Soil binders will generally experience spot failures during heavy rainfall events. If runoff
penetrates the soil at the top of a slope treated with a soil binder, it is likely that the runoff
will undercut the stabilized soil layer and discharge at a point further down slope.
Plant-material-based soil binders do not generally hold up to pedestrian or vehicular traffic
across treated areas as well as polymeric emulsion blends or cementitious-based binders.
Soil binders may not sufficiently penetrate compacted soils.
Some soil binders are soil texture specific in terms of their effectiveness. For example,
polyacrylamides (PAMs) work very well on silt and clayey soils but their performance
decreases dramatically in sandy soils.
Some soil binders may not perform well with low relative humidity. Under rainy conditions,
some agents may become slippery or leach out of the soil.
Soil binders may not cure if low temperatures occur within 24 hours of application.
The water quality impacts of some chemical soil binders are relatively unknown, and some
may have water quality impacts due to their chemical makeup. Additionally, these chemicals
may require non-visible pollutant monitoring. Products should be evaluated for project-
specific implementation by the SWPPP Preparer. Refer to the product Material Safety Data
Sheet for chemical properties.
Implementation
General Considerations
Soil binders should conform to local municipality specifications and requirements.
Site soil types will dictate appropriate soil binders to be used.
A soil binder must be environmentally benign (non-toxic to plant and animal life), easy to
apply, easy to maintain, economical, and should not stain paved or painted surfaces. Soil
binders should not pollute stormwater when cured. Obtain a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) from
the manufacturer to ensure non-toxicity (note however, the SDS may not include ecological
information).
Stormwater runoff from PAM treated soils should pass through one of the following
sediment control BMP prior to discharging to surface waters.
- When the total drainage area is greater than or equal to 5 acres, PAM treated areas
should drain to a sediment basin.
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- Areas less than 5 acres should drain to sediment control BMPs, such as a sediment trap,
or a series of check dams. The total number of check dams used should be maximized to
achieve the greatest amount of settlement of sediment prior to discharging from the site.
Each check dam should be spaced evenly in the drainage channel through which
stormwater flows are discharged off site.
Performance of soil binders depends on temperature, humidity, and traffic across treated
areas.
Avoid over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, existing vegetation, etc.
Some soil binders are designed for application to roads.
Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization
methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook.
Selecting a Soil Binder
Properties of common soil binders used for erosion control are provided on Table 1 at the end of
this Fact Sheet. Use Table 1 to select an appropriate soil binder. Refer to WE-1, Wind Erosion
Control, for dust control soil binders.
Factors to consider when selecting a soil binder include the following:
Suitability to situation - Consider where the soil binder will be applied, if it needs a high
resistance to leaching or abrasion, and whether it needs to be compatible with any existing
vegetation. Determine the length of time soil stabilization will be needed, and if the soil
binder will be placed in an area where it will degrade rapidly. In general, slope steepness is
not a discriminating factor for the listed soil binders.
Soil types and surface materials - Fines and moisture content are key properties of surface
materials. Consider a soil binder's ability to penetrate, likelihood of leaching, and ability to
form a surface crust on the surface materials.
Frequency of application - The frequency of application is related to the functional longevity
of the binder, which can be affected by subgrade conditions, surface type, climate, and
maintenance schedule.
Frequent applications could lead to high costs. Application frequency may be minimized if
the soil binder has good penetration, low evaporation, and good longevity. Consider also
that frequent application will require frequent equipment clean up.
Plant-Material-Based (Short Lived, <6 months) Binders
Guar: Guar is a non-toxic, biodegradable, natural galactomannan-based hydrocolloid treated
with dispersant agents for easy field mixing. It should be mixed with water at the rate of 11 to 15
lb per 1,000 gallons. Recommended minimum application rates are as follows:
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Application Rates for Guar Soil Stabilizer
Slope (H:V): Flat 4:1 3:1 2:1 1:1
lb/acre: 40 45 50 60 70
Psyllium: Psyllium is composed of the finely ground muciloid coating of plantago seeds that is
applied as a dry powder or in a wet slurry to the surface of the soil. It dries to form a firm but
rewettable membrane that binds soil particles together but permits germination and growth of
seed. Psyllium requires 12 to 18 hours drying time. Application rates should be from 80 to 200
lb/acre, with enough water in solution to allow for a uniform slurry flow.
Starch: Starch is non-ionic, cold water soluble (pre-gelatinized) granular cornstarch. The
material is mixed with water and applied at the rate of 150 lb/acre. Approximate drying time is
9 to 12 hours.
Plant-Material-Based (Long Lived, 6-12 months) Binders
Pitch and Rosin Emulsion: Generally, a non-ionic pitch and rosin emulsion has a minimum
solids content of 48%. The rosin should be a minimum of 26% of the total solids content. The
soil stabilizer should be non-corrosive, water dilutable emulsion that upon application cures to a
water insoluble binding and cementing agent. For soil erosion control applications, the
emulsion is diluted and should be applied as follows:
For clayey soil: 5 parts water to 1-part emulsion
For sandy soil: 10 parts water to 1-part emulsion
Application can be by water truck or hydraulic seeder with the emulsion and product mixture
applied at the rate specified by the manufacturer.
Polymeric Emulsion Blend Binders
Acrylic Copolymers and Polymers: Polymeric soil stabilizers should consist of a liquid or solid
polymer or copolymer with an acrylic base that contains a minimum of 55% solids. The
polymeric compound should be handled and mixed in a manner that will not cause foaming or
should contain an anti-foaming agent. The polymeric emulsion should not exceed its shelf life
or expiration date; manufacturers should provide the expiration date. Polymeric soil stabilizer
should be readily miscible in water, non-injurious to seed or animal life, non-flammable, should
provide surface soil stabilization for various soil types without totally inhibiting water
infiltration, and should not re-emulsify when cured. The applied compound typically requires
12 to 24 hours drying time. Liquid copolymer should be diluted at a rate of 10 parts water to 1-
part polymer and the mixture applied to soil at a rate of 1,175 gallons/acre.
Liquid Polymers of Methacrylates and Acrylates: This material consists of a tackifier/sealer that
is a liquid polymer of methacrylates and acrylates. It is an aqueous 100% acrylic emulsion blend
of 40% solids by volume that is free from styrene, acetate, vinyl, ethoxylated surfactants or
silicates. For soil stabilization applications, it is diluted with water in accordance with the
manufacturer recommendations and applied with a hydraulic seeder at the rate of 20
gallons/acre. Drying time is 12 to 18 hours after application.
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Copolymers of Sodium Acrylates and Acrylamides: These materials are non-toxic, dry powders
that are copolymers of sodium acrylate and acrylamide. They are mixed with water and applied
to the soil surface for erosion control at rates that are determined by slope gradient:
Slope Gradient
(H:V) lb/acre
Flat to 5:1 3.0 5.0
5:1 to 3:1 5.0 10.0
2:1 to 1:1 10.0 20.0
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Poly-Acrylamide (PAM) and Copolymer of Acrylamide: Linear copolymer polyacrylamide for
use as a soil binder is packaged as a dry flowable solid, as a liquid. Refer to the manufactur
recommendation for dilution and application rates as they vary based on liquid or dry form, site
conditions and climate.
Limitations specific to PAM are as follows:
- Do not use PAM on a slope that flows into a water body without passing through a
sediment trap or sediment basin.
- The specific PAM copolymer formulation must be anionic. Cationic PAM should not be
used in any application because of known aquatic toxicity problems. Only the highest
drinking water grade PAM, certified for compliance with ANSI/NSF Standard 60 for
drinking water treatment, should be used for soil applications.
-
-
- PAM should not be used as a stand-alone BMP to protect against water-based erosion.
When combined with mulch, its effectiveness increases dramatically.
Hydro-Colloid Polymers: Hydro-Colloid Polymers are various combinations of dry flowable
poly-acrylamides, copolymers and hydro-colloid polymers that are mixed with water and
applied to the soil surface at rates of 55 to 60 lb/acre. Drying times are 0 to 4 hours.
Cementitious-Based Binders
Gypsum: This is a formulated gypsum-based product that readily mixes with water and mulch
to form a thin protective crust on the soil surface. It is composed of high purity gypsum that is
ground, calcined and processed into calcium sulfate hemihydrate with a minimum purity of
86%. It is mixed in a hydraulic seeder and applied at rates 4,000 to 12,000 lb/acre. Drying
time is 4 to 8 hours.
Applying Soil Binders
After selecting an appropriate soil binder, the untreated soil surface must be prepared before
applying the soil binder. The untreated soil surface must contain sufficient moisture to assist
the agent in achieving uniform distribution. In general, the following steps should be followed:
Fo -wetting of
application area, and cleaning of equipment after use.
Prior to application, roughen embankment and fill areas.
Consider the drying time for the selected soil binder and apply with sufficient time before
anticipated rainfall. Soil binders should not be applied during or immediately before
rainfall.
Avoid over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, sound walls, existing vegetation,
etc.
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Soil binders should not be applied to frozen soil, areas with standing water, under freezing
or rainy conditions, or when the temperature is below 40°F during the curing period.
More than one treatment is often necessary, although the second treatment may be diluted
or have a lower application rate.
Generally, soil binders require a minimum curing time of 24 hours before they are fully
effective. Refer to manufacturer's instructions for specific cure time.
For liquid agents:
- Crown or slope ground to avoid ponding.
- Uniformly pre-wet ground at 0.03 to 0.3 gal/yd2
recommendations.
- Apply solution under pressure. Overlap solution 6 to 12 in.
- Allow treated area to cure for the time recommended by the manufacturer; typically, at
least 24 hours.
- Apply second treatment before first treatment becomes ineffective, using 50%
application rate.
- In low humidities, reactivate chemicals by re-wetting with water at 0.1 to 0.2 gal/yd2.
Costs
Costs vary according to the soil stabilizer selected for implementation. The following are
approximate installed costs:
Soil Binder Cost per Acre
Plant-Material-Based (Short Lived) Binders $900-$1,200
Plant-Material-Based (Long Lived) Binders $1,500-$1,900
Polymeric Emulsion Blend Binders $900-$1,900
Cementitious-Based Binders $1,000-$1,500
Source: Cost information received from individual product
manufacturers solicited by Geosyntec Consultants (2004). Adjusted for
inflation (2016 dollars) by Tetra Tech Inc.
Inspection and Maintenance
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Areas where erosion is evident should be repaired and BMPs re-applied as soon as possible.
Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs, as
any area damaged will require re-application of BMPs.
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Reapply the selected soil binder as needed to maintain effectiveness.
Table 1 Properties of Soil Binders for Erosion Control
Evaluation Criteria
Binder Type
Plant Material
Based (Short
Lived)
Plant Material
Based (Long
Lived)
Polymeric
Emulsion Blends
Cementitious-
Based Binders
Relative Cost Low Moderate to
High Low to High Low to Moderate
Resistance to Leaching High High Low to Moderate Moderate
Resistance to Abrasion Moderate Low Moderate to High Moderate to High
Longevity Short to Medium Medium Medium to Long Medium
Minimum Curing Time
before Rain 9 to 18 hours 19 to 24 hours 0 to 24 hours 4 to 8 hours
Compatibility with
Existing Vegetation Good Poor Poor Poor
Mode of Degradation Biodegradable Biodegradable
Photodegradable/
Chemically
Degradable
Photodegradable/
Chemically
Degradable
Labor Intensive No No No No
Specialized Application
Equipment
Water Truck or
Hydraulic
Mulcher
Water Truck or
Hydraulic
Mulcher
Water Truck or
Hydraulic Mulcher
Water Truck or
Hydraulic Mulcher
Liquid/Powder Powder Liquid Liquid/Powder Powder
Surface Crusting Yes, but dissolves
on rewetting Yes Yes, but dissolves on
rewetting Yes
Clean Up Water Water Water Water
Erosion Control
Application Rate Varies (1) Varies (1) Varies (1) 4,000 to 12,000
lbs/acre
(1) See Implementation for specific rates.
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References
Erosion Control Pilot Study Report, State of California Department of Transportation
(Caltrans), June 2000.
Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area
Governments, May 1995.
Sedimentation and Erosion Control, An Inventory of Current Practices Draft, US EPA, April
1990.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Guidance Document: Soil Stabilization for Temporary Slopes, State of California Department of
Transportation (Caltrans), November 1999.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
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Description and Purpose
A fiber roll (also known as wattles or logs) consists of straw,
coir, curled wood fiber, or other biodegradable materials bound
into a tight tubular roll wrapped by plastic netting, which can
be photodegradable, or natural fiber, such as jute, cotton, or
sisal. Additionally, gravel core fiber rolls are available, which
contain an imbedded ballast material such as gravel or sand for
additional weight when staking the rolls are not feasible (such
as use as inlet protection). When fiber rolls are placed at the
toe and on the face of slopes along the contours, they intercept
runoff, reduce its flow velocity, release the runoff as sheet flow,
and provide removal of sediment from the runoff (through
sedimentation). By interrupting the length of a slope, fiber rolls
can also reduce sheet and rill erosion until vegetation is
established.
Suitable Applications
Fiber rolls may be suitable:
Along the toe, top, face, and at grade breaks of exposed and
erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as
sheet flow.
At the end of a downward slope where it transitions to a
steeper slope.
Along the perimeter of a project.
As check dams in unlined ditches with minimal grade.
Down-slope of exposed soil areas.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
SE-1 Silt Fence
SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm
SE-8 Sandbag Barrier
SE-12 Manufactured Linear
Sediment Controls
SE-14 Biofilter Bags
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Fiber Rolls SE-5
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At operational storm drains as a form of inlet protection.
Around temporary stockpiles.
Limitations
Fiber rolls should be used in conjunction with erosion control, such as hydroseed, RECPs,
etc.
Only biodegradable fiber rolls containing no plastic can remain on a site applying for a
Notice of Termination due to plastic pollution and wildlife concerns (State Water Board,
2016). Fiber rolls containing plastic that are used on a site must be disposed of for final
stabilization.
Fiber rolls are not effective unless trenched in and staked. If not properly staked and
trenched in, fiber rolls will not work as intended and could be transported by high flows.
Not intended for use in high flow situations (i.e., for concentrated flows).
Difficult to move once saturated.
Fiber rolls have a limited sediment capture zone.
Fiber rolls should not be used on slopes subject to creep, slumping, or landslide.
Rolls typically function for 12-24 months, depending upon local conditions and roll material.
Implementation
Fiber Roll Materials
Fiber rolls should be prefabricated.
Fiber rolls may come manufactured containing polyacrylamide (PAM), a flocculating agent
within the roll. Fiber rolls impregnated with PAM provide additional sediment removal
capabilities and should be used in areas with fine, clayey or silty soils to provide additional
sediment removal capabilities. Monitoring may be required for these installations.
Fiber rolls are made from weed-free rice straw, flax, curled wood fiber, or coir bound into a
tight tubular roll by netting or natural fiber (see Limitations above regarding plastic
netting).
Typical fiber rolls vary in diameter from 6 in. to 20 in. Larger diameter rolls are available as
well. The larger the roll, the higher the sediment retention capacity.
Typical fiber rolls lengths are 4, 10, 20 and 25 ft., although other lengths are likely available.
Installation
Locate fiber rolls on level contours spaced as follows:
- Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Fiber rolls should be placed at a maximum
interval of 20 ft.
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- Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V): Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum
interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective).
- Slope inclination 2:1 (H:V) or greater: Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum
interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective).
Prepare the slope before beginning installation.
Dig small trenches across the slope on the contour. The trench depth should be ¼ to 1/3 of
the thickness of the roll, and the width should equal the roll diameter, in order to provide
area to backfill the trench.
It is critical that rolls are installed perpendicular to water movement, and parallel to the
slope contour.
Start building trenches and installing rolls from the bottom of the slope and work up.
It is recommended that pilot holes be driven through the fiber roll. Use a straight bar to
drive holes through the roll and into the soil for the wooden stakes.
Turn the ends of the fiber roll up slope to prevent runoff from going around the roll.
Stake fiber rolls into the trench.
- Drive stakes at the end of each fiber roll and spaced 4 ft maximum on center.
- Use wood stakes with a nominal classification of 0.75 by 0.75 in. and minimum length of
24 in.
If more than one fiber roll is placed in a row, the rolls should be overlapped, not abutted.
See typical fiber roll installation details at the end of this fact sheet.
Removal
Fiber rolls can be left in place or removed depending on the type of fiber roll and application
(temporary vs. permanent installation). Fiber rolls encased with plastic netting or
containing any plastic material will need to be removed from the site for final stabilization.
Fiber rolls used in a permanent application are to be encased with a non-plastic material and
are left in place. Removal of a fiber roll used in a permanent application can result in greater
disturbance; therefore, during the BMP planning phase, the areas where fiber rolls will be
used on final slopes, only fiber rolls wrapped in non-plastic material should be selected.
Temporary installations should only be removed when up gradient areas are stabilized per
General Permit requirements, and/or pollutant sources no longer present a hazard. But they
should also be removed before vegetation becomes too mature so that the removal process
does not disturb more soil and vegetation than is necessary.
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Costs
Material costs for straw fiber rolls range from $26 - $38 per 25-ft. roll1 and curled wood fiber
rolls range from $30 - $40 per roll2.
Material costs for PAM impregnated fiber rolls range between $9.00-$12.00 per linear foot,
based upon vendor research1 .
Inspection and Maintenance
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Repair or replace split, torn, unraveling, or slumping fiber rolls.
If the fiber roll is used as a sediment capture device, or as an erosion control device to
maintain sheet flows, sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed
in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when sediment
accumulation reaches one-third the designated sediment storage depth.
If fiber rolls are used for erosion control, such as in a check dam, sediment removal should
not be required as long as the system continues to control the grade. Sediment control
BMPs will likely be required in conjunction with this type of application.
Repair any rills or gullies promptly.
References
General Construction Frequently Asked Questions, Storm Water Program website, State
Water Resources Control Board, 2009 updated in 2016. Available online at:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/gen_const_faq.shtml.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February
2005.
1 Adjusted for inflation (2016 dollars) by Tetra Tech, Inc.
2 Costs estimated based on vendor query by Tetra Tech, Inc. 2016.
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Description and Purpose
A gravel bag berm is a series of gravel-filled bags placed on a
level contour to intercept sheet flows. Gravel bags pond sheet
flow runoff, allowing sediment to settle out, and release runoff
slowly as sheet flow, preventing erosion.
Suitable Applications
Gravel bag berms may be suitable:
As a linear sediment control measure:
- Below the toe of slopes and erodible slopes
- As sediment traps at culvert/pipe outlets
- Below other small cleared areas
- Along the perimeter of a site
- Down slope of exposed soil areas
- Around temporary stockpiles and spoil areas
- Parallel to a roadway to keep sediment off paved areas
- Along streams and channels
As a linear erosion control measure:
- Along the face and at grade breaks of exposed and
erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread
runoff as sheet flow.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
SE-1 Silt Fence
SE-5 Fiber Roll
SE-8 Sandbag Barrier
SE-12 Temporary Silt Dike
SE-14 Biofilter Bags
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- At the top of slopes to divert runoff away from disturbed slopes.
- As chevrons (small check dams) across mildly sloped construction roads. For use check
dam use in channels, see SE-4, Check Dams.
Limitations
Gravel berms may be difficult to remove.
Removal problems limit their usefulness in landscaped areas.
Gravel bag berm may not be appropriate for drainage areas greater than 5 acres.
Runoff will pond upstream of the berm, possibly causing flooding if sufficient space does not
exist.
Degraded gravel bags may rupture when removed, spilling contents.
Installation can be labor intensive.
Durability of gravel bags is somewhat limited, and bags may need to be replaced when
installation is required for longer than 6 months.
Easily damaged by construction equipment.
When used to detain concentrated flows, maintenance requirements increase.
Implementation
General
A gravel bag berm consists of a row of open graded gravel-filled bags placed on a level contour.
When appropriately placed, a gravel bag berm intercepts and slows sheet flow runoff, causing
temporary ponding. The temporary ponding allows sediment to settle. The open graded gravel
in the bags is porous, which allows the ponded runoff to flow slowly through the bags, releasing
the runoff as sheet flows. Gravel bag berms also interrupt the slope length and thereby reduce
erosion by reducing the tendency of sheet flows to concentrate into rivulets, which erode rills,
and ultimately gullies, into disturbed, sloped soils. Gravel bag berms are similar to sand bag
barriers but are more porous. Generally, gravel bag berms should be used in conjunction with
temporary soil stabilization controls up slope to provide effective erosion and sediment control.
Design and Layout
Locate gravel bag berms on level contours.
When used for slope interruption, the following slope/sheet flow length combinations apply:
- Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum
interval of 20 ft, with the first row near the slope toe.
- Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V): Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum
interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe.
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Slope inclination 2:1 (H:V) or greater: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum
interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe.
Turn the ends of the gravel bag barriers up slope to prevent runoff from going around the
berm.
Allow sufficient space up slope from the gravel bag berm to allow ponding, and to provide
room for sediment storage.
For installation near the toe of the slope, gravel bag barriers should be set back from the
slope toe to facilitate cleaning. Where specific site conditions do not allow for a set-back, the
gravel bag barrier may be constructed on the toe of the slope. To prevent flows behind the
barrier, bags can be placed perpendicular to a berm to serve as cross barriers.
Drainage area should not exceed 5 acres.
In Non-Traffic Areas:
- Height = 18 in. maximum
- Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more-layer construction
- Top width = 12 in. minimum for one- or two-layer construction
- Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter
In Construction Traffic Areas:
- Height = 12 in. maximum
- Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more-layer construction.
- Top width = 12 in. minimum for one- or two-layer construction.
- Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter.
Butt ends of bags tightly.
On multiple row, or multiple layer construction, overlap butt joints of adjacent row and row
beneath.
Use a pyramid approach when stacking bags.
Materials
Bag Material: Bags should be woven polypropylene, polyethylene or polyamide fabric or
burlap, minimum unit weight of 4 ounces/yd2, Mullen burst strength exceeding 300 lb/in2 in
conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D3786, and ultraviolet stability
exceeding 70% in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D4355.
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Bag Size: Each gravel-filled bag should have a length of 18 in., width of 12 in., thickness of
3 in., and mass of approximately 33 lbs. Bag dimensions are nominal and may vary based on
locally available materials.
Fill Material: Fill material should be 0.5 to 1 in. Crushed rock, clean and free from clay,
organic matter, and other deleterious material, or other suitable open graded, non-cohesive,
porous gravel.
Costs
Material costs for gravel bags are average and are dependent upon material availability. $3.20-
$3.80 per filled gravel bag is standard based upon vendor research (Adjusted for inflation, 2016
dollars, by Tetra Tech, Inc.).
Inspection and Maintenance
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Gravel bags exposed to sunlight will need to be replaced every two to three months due to
degrading of the bags.
Reshape or replace gravel bags as needed.
Repair washouts or other damage as needed.
Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain
BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches
one-third of the barrier height.
Remove gravel bag berms when no longer needed and recycle gravel fill whenever possible
and properly dispose of bag material. Remove sediment accumulation and clean, re-grade,
and stabilize the area.
References
Handbook of Steel Drainage and Highway Construction, American Iron and Steel Institute,
1983.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Stormwater Pollution Plan Handbook, First Edition, State of California, Department of
Transportation Division of New Technology, Materials and Research, October 1992.
Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February
2005.
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Description and Purpose
Street sweeping and vacuuming includes use of self-propelled
and walk-behind equipment to remove sediment from streets
and roadways and to clean paved surfaces in preparation for
final paving. Sweeping and vacuuming prevents sediment from
the project site from entering storm drains or receiving waters.
Suitable Applications
Sweeping and vacuuming are suitable anywhere sediment is
tracked from the project site onto public or private paved
streets and roads, typically at points of egress. Sweeping and
vacuuming are also applicable during preparation of paved
surfaces for final paving.
Limitations
Sweeping and vacuuming may not be effective when
sediment is wet or when tracked soil is caked (caked soil
may need to be scraped loose).
Sweeping may be less effective for fine particle soils (i.e.,
clay).
Implementation
Controlling the number of points where vehicles can leave
the site will allow sweeping and vacuuming efforts to be
focused and perhaps save money.
Inspect potential sediment tracking locations daily.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
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Street Sweeping and Vacuuming SE-7
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 2
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Visible sediment tracking should be swept or vacuumed on a daily basis.
Do not use kick brooms or sweeper attachments. These tend to spread the dirt rather than
remove it.
If not mixed with debris or trash, consider incorporating the removed sediment back into
the project
Costs
Rental rates for self-propelled sweepers vary depending on hopper size and duration of rental.
Expect rental rates from $ 650/day to $2,500/day1, plus operator costs. Hourly production
rates vary with the amount of area to be swept and amount of sediment. Match the hopper size
to the area and expect sediment load to minimize time spent dumping.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project
type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior
to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain
events.
When actively in use, points of ingress and egress must be inspected daily.
When tracked or spilled sediment is observed outside the construction limits, it must be
removed at least daily. More frequent removal, even continuous removal, may be required
in some jurisdictions.
Be careful not to sweep up any unknown substance or any object that may be potentially
hazardous.
Adjust brooms frequently; maximize efficiency of sweeping operations.
After sweeping is finished, properly dispose of sweeper wastes at an approved dumpsite.
References
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
1 Based on contractor query conducted by Tetra Tech, Inc. November 2016.
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Description and Purpose
Storm drain inlet protection consists of a sediment filter or an
impounding area in, around or upstream of a storm drain, drop
inlet, or curb inlet. Storm drain inlet protection measures
temporarily pond runoff before it enters the storm drain,
allowing sediment to settle. Some filter configurations also
remove sediment by filtering, but usually the ponding action
results in the greatest sediment reduction. Temporary
geotextile storm drain inserts attach underneath storm drain
grates to capture and filter storm water.
Suitable Applications
Every storm drain inlet receiving runoff from unstabilized
or otherwise active work areas should be protected. Inlet
protection should be used in conjunction with other erosion
and sediment controls to prevent sediment-laden
stormwater and non-stormwater discharges from entering
the storm drain system.
Limitations
Drainage area should not exceed 1 acre.
In general straw bales should not be used as inlet
protection.
Requires an adequate area for water to pond without
encroaching into portions of the roadway subject to traffic.
Sediment removal may be inadequate to prevent sediment
discharges in high flow conditions or if runoff is heavily
sediment laden. If high flow conditions are expected, use
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
SE-1 Silt Fence
SE-5 Fiber Rolls
SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm
SE-8 Sandbag Barrier
SE-14 Biofilter Bags
SE-13 Compost Socks and Berms
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other onsite sediment trapping techniques in conjunction with inlet protection.
Frequent maintenance is required.
Limit drainage area to 1 acre maximum. For drainage areas larger than 1 acre, runoff should
be routed to a sediment-trapping device designed for larger flows. See BMPs SE-2,
Sediment Basin, and SE-3, Sediment Traps.
Excavated drop inlet sediment traps are appropriate where relatively heavy flows are
expected, and overflow capability is needed.
Implementation
General
Inlet control measures presented in this handbook should not be used for inlets draining more
than one acre. Runoff from larger disturbed areas should be first routed through SE-2,
Sediment Basin or SE-3, Sediment Trap and/or used in conjunction with other drainage control,
erosion control, and sediment control BMPs to protect the site. Different types of inlet
protection are appropriate for different applications depending on site conditions and the type
of inlet. Alternative methods are available in addition to the methods described/shown herein
such as prefabricated inlet insert devices, or gutter protection devices.
Design and Layout
Identify existing and planned storm drain inlets that have the potential to receive sediment-
laden surface runoff. Determine if storm drain inlet protection is needed and which method to
use.
The key to successful and safe use of storm drain inlet protection devices is to know where
runoff that is directed toward the inlet to be protected will pond or be diverted as a result of
installing the protection device.
- Determine the acceptable location and extent of ponding in the vicinity of the drain inlet.
The acceptable location and extent of ponding will influence the type and design of the
storm drain inlet protection device.
- Determine the extent of potential runoff diversion caused by the storm drain inlet
protection device. Runoff ponded by inlet protection devices may flow around the device
and towards the next downstream inlet. In some cases, this is acceptable; in other cases,
serious erosion or downstream property damage can be caused by these diversions. The
possibility of runoff diversions will influence whether or not storm drain inlet protection
is suitable; and, if suitable, the type and design of the device.
The location and extent of ponding, and the extent of diversion, can usually be controlled
through appropriate placement of the inlet protection device. In some cases, moving the
inlet protection device a short distance upstream of the actual inlet can provide more
efficient sediment control, limit ponding to desired areas, and prevent or control diversions.
Seven types of inlet protection are presented below. However, it is recognized that other
effective methods and proprietary devices exist and may be selected.
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- Silt Fence: Appropriate for drainage basins with less than a 5% slope, sheet flows, and
flows under 0.5 cfs.
- Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap: An excavated area around the inlet to trap
sediment (SE-3).
- Gravel bag barrier: Used to create a small sediment trap upstream of inlets on sloped,
paved streets. Appropriate for sheet flow or when concentrated flow may exceed 0.5 cfs,
and where overtopping is required to prevent flooding.
- Block and Gravel Filter: Appropriate for flows greater than 0.5 cfs.
- Temporary Geotextile Storm drain Inserts: Different products provide different features.
Refer to manufacturer details for targeted pollutants and additional features.
- Biofilter Bag Barrier: Used to create a small retention area upstream of inlets and can be
located on pavement or soil. Biofilter bags slowly filter runoff allowing sediment to settle
out. Appropriate for flows under 0.5 cfs.
- Compost Socks: Allow filtered run-off to pass through the compost while retaining
sediment and potentially other pollutants (SE-13). Appropriate for flows under 1.0 cfs.
Select the appropriate type of inlet protection and design as referred to or as described in
this fact sheet.
Provide area around the inlet for water to pond without flooding structures and property.
Grates and spaces around all inlets should be sealed to prevent seepage of sediment-laden
water.
Excavate sediment sumps (where needed) 1 to 2 ft with 2:1 side slopes around the inlet.
Installation
DI Protection Type 1 - Silt Fence - Similar to constructing a silt fence; see BMP SE-1,
Silt Fence. Do not place fabric underneath the inlet grate since the collected sediment may
fall into the drain inlet when the fabric is removed or replaced and water flow through the
grate will be blocked resulting in flooding. See typical Type 1 installation details at the end of
this fact sheet.
1. Excavate a trench approximately 6 in. wide and 6 in. deep along the line of the silt fence
inlet protection device.
2. Place 2 in. by 2 in. wooden stakes around the perimeter of the inlet a maximum of 3 ft
apart and drive them at least 18 in. into the ground or 12 in. below the bottom of the
trench. The stakes should be at least 48 in.
3. Lay fabric along bottom of trench, up side of trench, and then up stakes. See SE-1, Silt
Fence, for details. The maximum silt fence height around the inlet is 24 in.
4. Staple the filter fabric (for materials and specifications, see SE-1, Silt Fence) to wooden
stakes. Use heavy-duty wire staples at least 1 in. in length.
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5. Backfill the trench with gravel or compacted earth all the way around.
DI Protection Type 2 - Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap - Install filter fabric
fence in accordance with DI Protection Type 1. Size excavated trap to provide a minimum
storage capacity calculated at the rate 67 yd3/acre of drainage area. See typical Type 2
installation details at the end of this fact sheet.
DI Protection Type 3 - Gravel bag - Flow from a severe storm should not overtop the
curb. In areas of high clay and silts, use filter fabric and gravel as additional filter media.
Construct gravel bags in accordance with SE-6, Gravel Bag Berm. Gravel bags should be
used due to their high permeability. See typical Type 3 installation details at the end of this
fact sheet.
1. Construct on gently sloping street.
2. Leave room upstream of barrier for water to pond and sediment to settle.
3. Place several layers of gravel bags overlapping the bags and packing them tightly
together.
4. Leave gap of one bag on the top row to serve as a spillway. Flow from a severe storm
(e.g., 10-year storm) should not overtop the curb.
DI Protection Type 4 Block and Gravel Filter - Block and gravel filters are suitable
for curb inlets commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial construction. See
typical Type 4 installation details at the end of this fact sheet.
1. Place hardware cloth or comparable wire mesh with 0.5 in. openings over the drop inlet
so that the wire extends a minimum of 1 ft beyond each side of the inlet structure. If
more than one strip is necessary, overlap the strips. Place woven geotextile over the wire
mesh.
2. Place concrete blocks lengthwise on their sides in a single row around the perimeter of
the inlet, so that the open ends face outward, not upward. The ends of adjacent blocks
should abut. The height of the barrier can be varied, depending on design needs, by
stacking combinations of blocks that are 4 in., 8 in., and 12 in. wide. The row of blocks
should be at least 12 in. but no greater than 24 in. high.
3. Place wire mesh over the outside vertical face (open end) of the concrete blocks to
prevent stone from being washed through the blocks. Use hardware cloth or comparable
wire mesh with 0.5 in. opening.
4. Pile washed stone against the wire mesh to the top of the blocks. Use 0.75 to 3 in.
DI Protection Type 5 Temporary Geotextile Insert (proprietary) Many types
of temporary inserts are available. Most inserts fit underneath the grate of a drop inlet or
inside of a curb inlet and are fastened to the outside of the grate or curb. These inserts are
removable, and many can be cleaned and reused. Installation of these inserts differs
between manufacturers. Please refer to manufacturer instruction for installation of
proprietary devices.
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DI Protection Type 6 - Biofilter bags Biofilter bags may be used as a substitute for
gravel bags in low-flow situations. Biofilter bags should conform to specifications detailed
in SE-14, Biofilter bags.
1. Construct in a gently sloping area.
2. Biofilter bags should be placed around inlets to intercept runoff flows.
3. All bag joints should overlap by 6 in.
4. Leave room upstream for water to pond and for sediment to settle out.
5. Stake bags to the ground as described in the following detail. Stakes may be omitted
if bags are placed on a paved surface.
DI Protection Type 7 Compost Socks A compost sock can be assembled on site by
filling a mesh sock (e.g., with a pneumatic blower). Compost socks do not require special
trenching compared to other sediment control methods (e.g., silt fence). Compost socks
should conform to specification detailed in SE-13, Compost Socks and Berms.
Costs
Average annual cost for installation and maintenance of DI Type 1-4 and 6 (one-year useful
life) is $200 per inlet.
Temporary geotextile inserts are proprietary, and cost varies by region. These inserts can
often be reused and may have greater than 1 year of use if maintained and kept undamaged.
Average cost per insert ranges from $50-75 plus installation, but costs can exceed $100.
This cost does not include maintenance.
See SE-13 for Compost Sock cost information.
Inspection and Maintenance
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Silt Fences. If the fabric becomes clogged, torn, or degrades, it should be replaced. Make
sure the stakes are securely driven in the ground and are in good shape (i.e., not bent,
cracked, or splintered, and are reasonably perpendicular to the ground). Replace damaged
stakes. At a minimum, remove the sediment behind the fabric fence when accumulation
reaches one-third the height of the fence or barrier height.
Gravel Filters. If the gravel becomes clogged with sediment, it should be carefully removed
from the inlet and either cleaned or replaced. Since cleaning gravel at a construction site
may be difficult, consider using the sediment-laden stone as fill material and put fresh stone
around the inlet. Inspect bags for holes, gashes, and snags, and replace bags as needed.
Check gravel bags for proper arrangement and displacement.
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Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain
BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches
one-third of the barrier height.
Inspect and maintain temporary geotextile
specifications.
Remove storm drain inlet protection once the drainage area is stabilized.
- Clean and regrade area around the inlet and clean the inside of the storm drain inlet, as
it should be free of sediment and debris at the time of final inspection.
References
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Stormwater Management Manual for The Puget Sound Basin, Washington State Department of
Ecology, Public Review Draft, 1991.
Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February
2005.
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Gravel bags
Gravel bags
6. Protection can be effective even if it is not immediately adjacent to the inlet provided
that the inlet is protected from potential sources of pollution.
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PA2022-0262
Wind Erosion Control WE-1
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Description and Purpose
Wind erosion or dust control consists of applying water or other
chemical dust suppressants as necessary to prevent or alleviate
dust nuisance generated by construction activities. Covering
small stockpiles or areas is an alternative to applying water or
other dust palliatives.
a short wet season
and a typically long, hot dry season, allows the soils to
thoroughly dry out. During the dry season, construction
activities are at their peak, and disturbed and exposed areas are
increasingly subject to wind erosion, sediment tracking, and
dust generated by construction equipment. Site conditions and
climate can make dust control more of an erosion problem than
water-based erosion. Additionally, many local agencies,
including Air Quality Management Districts, require dust
control and/or dust control permits in order to comply with
local nuisance laws, opacity laws (visibility impairment) and the
requirements of the Clean Air Act. Wind erosion control is
required to be implemented at all construction sites greater
than 1 acre by the General Permit.
Suitable Applications
Most BMPs that provide protection against water-based erosion
will also protect against wind-based erosion and dust control
requirements required by other agencies will generally meet
wind erosion control requirements for water quality protection.
Wind erosion control BMPs are suitable during the following
construction activities:
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
EC-5 Soil Binders
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Wind Erosion Control WE-1
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 5
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Construction vehicle traffic on unpaved roads
Drilling and blasting activities
Soils and debris storage piles
Batch drop from front-end loaders
Areas with unstabilized soil
Final grading/site stabilization
Limitations
Watering prevents dust only for a short period (generally less than a few hours) and should
be applied daily (or more often) to be effective.
Over watering may cause erosion and track-out.
Oil or oil-treated subgrade should not be used for dust control because the oil may migrate
into drainageways and/or seep into the soil.
Chemical dust suppression agents may have potential environmental impacts. Selected
chemical dust control agents should be environmentally benign.
Effectiveness of controls depends on soil, temperature, humidity, wind velocity and traffic.
Chemical dust suppression agents should not be used within 100 feet of wetlands or water
bodies.
Chemically treated subgrades may make the soil water repellant, interfering with long-term
infiltration and the vegetation/re-vegetation of the site. Some chemical dust suppressants
may be subject to freezing and may contain solvents and should be handled properly.
In compacted areas, watering and other liquid dust control measures may wash sediment or
other constituents into the drainage system.
If the soil surface has minimal natural moisture, the affected area may need to be pre-wetted
so that chemical dust control agents can uniformly penetrate the soil surface.
Implementation
Dust Control Practices
Dust control BMPs generally stabilize exposed surfaces and minimize activities that suspend or
track dust particles. The following table presents dust control practices that can be applied to
varying site conditions that could potentially cause dust. For heavily traveled and disturbed
areas, wet suppression (watering), chemical dust suppression, gravel asphalt surfacing,
temporary gravel construction entrances, equipment wash-out areas, and haul truck covers can
be employed as dust control applications. Permanent or temporary vegetation and mulching
can be employed for areas of occasional or no construction traffic. Preventive measures include
minimizing surface areas to be disturbed, limiting onsite vehicle traffic to 15 mph or less, and
controlling the number and activity of vehicles on a site at any given time.
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Chemical dust suppressants include: mulch and fiber based dust palliatives (e.g. paper mulch
with gypsum binder), salts and brines (e.g. calcium chloride, magnesium chloride), non-
petroleum based organics (e.g. vegetable oil, lignosulfonate), petroleum based organics (e.g.
asphalt emulsion, dust oils, petroleum resins), synthetic polymers (e.g. polyvinyl acetate, vinyl,
acrylic), clay additives (e.g. bentonite, montmorillonite) and electrochemical products (e.g.
enzymes, ionic products).
Site Condition
Dust Control Practices
Permanent
Vegetation Mulching Wet Suppression (Watering)
Chemical Dust Suppression
Gravel or Asphalt
Temporary Gravel
Construction
Entrances/Equipment Wash Down
Synthetic
Covers
Minimize
Extent of
Disturbed Area
Disturbed Areas not Subject to Traffic
X X X X X X
Disturbed
Areas Subject to Traffic
X X X X X
Material Stockpiles X X X X X
Demolition X X X
Clearing/
Excavation X X X
Truck Traffic on
Unpaved
Roads
X X X X X
Tracking X X
Additional preventive measures include:
Schedule construction activities to minimize exposed area (see EC-1, Scheduling).
Quickly treat exposed soils using water, mulching, chemical dust suppressants, or
stone/gravel layering.
Identify and stabilize key access points prior to commencement of construction.
Minimize the impact of dust by anticipating the direction of prevailing winds.
Restrict construction traffic to stabilized roadways within the project site, as practicable.
Water should be applied by means of pressure-type distributors or pipelines equipped with a
spray system or hoses and nozzles that will ensure even distribution.
All distribution equipment should be equipped with a positive means of shutoff.
Unless water is applied by means of pipelines, at least one mobile unit should be available at
all times to apply water or dust palliative to the project.
If reclaimed waste water is used, the sources and discharge must meet California
Department of Health Services water reclamation criteria and the Regional Water Quality
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Control Board (RWQCB) requirements. Non-potable water should not be conveyed in tanks
or drain pipes that will be used to convey potable water and there should be no connection
between potable and non-potable supplies. Non-potable tanks, pipes, and other
-POTABLE WATER -
Pave or chemically stabilize access points where unpaved traffic surfaces adjoin paved roads.
Provide covers for haul trucks transporting materials that contribute to dust.
Provide for rapid clean up of sediments deposited on paved roads. Furnish stabilized
construction road entrances and wheel wash areas.
Stabilize inactive areas of construction sites using temporary vegetation or chemical
stabilization methods.
For chemical stabilization, there are many products available for chemically stabilizing gravel
roadways and stockpiles. If chemical stabilization is used, the chemicals should not create any
adverse effects on stormwater, plant life, or groundwater and should meet all applicable
regulatory requirements.
Costs
Installation costs for water and chemical dust suppression vary based on the method used and
the length of effectiveness. Annual costs may be high since some of these measures are effective
for only a few hours to a few days.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities.
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Check areas protected to ensure coverage.
Most water-based dust control measures require frequent application, often daily or even
multiple times per day. Obtain vendor or independent information on longevity of chemical
dust suppressants.
References
Best Management Practices and Erosion Control Manual for Construction Sites, Flood Control
District of Maricopa County, Arizona, September 1992.
California Air Pollution Control Laws, California Air Resources Board, updated annually.
Construction Manual, Chapter 4,
, California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2001.
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Prospects for Attaining the State Ambient Air Quality Standards for Suspended Particulate
Matter (PM10), Visibility Reducing Particles, Sulfates, Lead, and Hydrogen Sulfide, California
Air Resources Board, April 1991.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
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Description and Purpose
A stabilized construction access is defined by a point of
entrance/exit to a construction site that is stabilized to reduce
the tracking of mud and dirt onto public roads by construction
vehicles.
Suitable Applications
Use at construction sites:
Where dirt or mud can be tracked onto public roads.
Adjacent to water bodies.
Where poor soils are encountered.
Where dust is a problem during dry weather conditions.
Limitations
Entrances and exits require periodic top dressing with
additional stones.
This BMP should be used in conjunction with street
sweeping on adjacent public right of way.
Entrances and exits should be constructed on level ground
only.
Stabilized construction entrances are rather expensive to
construct and when a wash rack is included, a sediment trap
of some kind must also be provided to collect wash water
runoff.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
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PA2022-0262
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Implementation
General
A stabilized construction entrance is a pad of aggregate underlain with filter cloth located at any
point where traffic will be entering or leaving a construction site to or from a public right of way,
street, alley, sidewalk, or parking area. The purpose of a stabilized construction entrance is to
reduce or eliminate the tracking of sediment onto public rights of way or streets. Reducing
tracking of sediments and other pollutants onto paved roads helps prevent deposition of
sediments into local storm drains and production of airborne dust.
Where traffic will be entering or leaving the construction site, a stabilized construction entrance
should be used. NPDES permits require that appropriate measures be implemented to prevent
tracking of sediments onto paved roadways, where a significant source of sediments is derived
from mud and dirt carried out from unpaved roads and construction sites.
Stabilized construction entrances are moderately effective in removing sediment from
equipment leaving a construction site. The entrance should be built on level ground.
Advantages of the Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit is that it does remove some sediment
from equipment and serves to channel construction traffic in and out of the site at specified
locations. Efficiency is greatly increased when a washing rack is included as part of a stabilized
construction entrance/exit.
Design and Layout
Construct on level ground where possible.
Select 3 to 6 in. diameter stones.
Use minimum depth of stones of 12 in. or as recommended by soils engineer.
Construct length of 50 ft or maximum site will allow, and 10 ft minimum width or to
accommodate traffic.
Rumble racks constructed of steel panels with ridges and installed in the stabilized
entrance/exit will help remove additional sediment and to keep adjacent streets clean.
Provide ample turning radii as part of the entrance.
Limit the points of entrance/exit to the construction site.
Limit speed of vehicles to control dust.
Properly grade each construction entrance/exit to prevent runoff from leaving the
construction site.
Route runoff from stabilized entrances/exits through a sediment trapping device before
discharge.
Design stabilized entrance/exit to support heaviest vehicles and equipment that will use it.
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Select construction access stabilization (aggregate, asphaltic concrete, concrete) based on
longevity, required performance, and site conditions. Do not use asphalt concrete (AC)
grindings for stabilized construction access/roadway.
If aggregate is selected, place crushed aggregate over geotextile fabric to at least 12 in. depth,
or place aggregate to a depth recommended by a geotechnical engineer. A crushed aggregate
greater than 3 in. but smaller than 6 in. should be used.
Designate combination or single purpose entrances and exits to the construction site.
Require that all employees, subcontractors, and suppliers utilize the stabilized construction
access.
Implement SE-7, Street Sweeping and Vacuuming, as needed.
All exit locations intended to be used for more than a two-week period should have stabilized
construction entrance/exit BMPs.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMPs are under way, inspect BMPs
in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk
level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted
rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.
Inspect local roads adjacent to the site daily. Sweep or vacuum to remove visible
accumulated sediment.
Remove aggregate, separate and dispose of sediment if construction entrance/exit is clogged
with sediment.
Keep all temporary roadway ditches clear.
Check for damage and repair as needed.
Replace gravel material when surface voids are visible.
Remove all sediment deposited on paved roadways within 24 hours.
Remove gravel and filter fabric at completion of construction
Costs
Average annual cost for installation and maintenance may vary from $1,500 to $6,100 each,
averaging $3,100 per entrance. Costs will increase with addition of washing rack and sediment
trap. With wash rack, costs range from $1,500 - $7,700 each, averaging $4,600 per entrance
(All costs adjusted for inflation, 2016 dollars, by Tetra Tech Inc.
References
Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area
Governments, May 1995.
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National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Urban Areas,
USEPA Agency, 2002.
Proposed Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in
Coastal Waters, Work Group Working Paper, USEPA, April 1992.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75,
Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992.
Virginia Erosion and Sedimentation Control Handbook, Virginia Department of Conservation
and Recreation, Division of Soil and Water Conservation, 1991.
Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, EPA
840-B-9-002, USEPA, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 1993.
Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of
Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988.
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(1) Length should be extended to 12 times the diameter of
the largest construction vehicle tire.
(2) On small sites length should be the maximum allowed by site.
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(1) Length should be extended to 12 times the diameter of
the largest construction vehicle tire.
(2) On small sites length should be the maximum allowed by site.
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Water Conservation Practices NS-1
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Description and Purpose
Water conservation practices are activities that use water
during the construction of a project in a manner that avoids
causing erosion and the transport of pollutants offsite. These
practices can reduce or eliminate non-stormwater discharges.
Suitable Applications
Water conservation practices are suitable for all construction
sites where water is used, including piped water, metered
water, trucked water, and water from a reservoir.
Limitations
None identified.
Implementation
Keep water equipment in good working condition.
Stabilize water truck filling area.
Repair water leaks promptly.
Washing of vehicles and equipment on the construction site
is discouraged.
Avoid using water to clean construction areas. If water
must be used for cleaning or surface preparation, surface
should be swept and vacuumed first to remove dirt. This
will minimize amount of water required.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
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Water Conservation Practices NS-1
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Direct construction water runoff to areas where it can soak into the ground or be collected
and used.
Authorized non-stormwater discharges to the storm drain system, channels, or receiving
waters are acceptable with the implementation of appropriate BMPs.
Lock water tank valves to prevent unauthorized use.
Costs
The cost is small to none compared to the benefits of conserving water.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
authorized non-stormwater discharges.
Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project
type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior
to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain
events.
Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges
are occuring.
Repair water equipment as needed to prevent unintended discharges.
- Water trucks
- Water reservoirs (water buffalos)
- Irrigation systems
- Hydrant connections
References
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
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Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
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Description and Purpose
Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants from paving
operations, using measures to prevent runon and runoff
pollution, properly disposing of wastes, and training employees
and subcontractors.
The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL)
for pH and turbidity (see Section 2 of this handbook to
determine your project s risk level and if you are subject to
these requirements).
Many types of construction materials associated with paving
and grinding operations, including mortar, concrete, and
cement and their associated wastes have basic chemical
properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted
range. Additional care should be taken when managing these
materials to prevent them from coming into contact with
stormwater flows, which could lead to exceedances of the
General Permit requirements.
Suitable Applications
These procedures are implemented where paving, surfacing,
resurfacing, or sawcutting, may pollute stormwater runoff or
discharge to the storm drain system or watercourses.
Limitations
Paving opportunities may be limited during wet weather.
Discharges of freshly paved surfaces may raise pH to
environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit
violations.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 5
Construction
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Implementation
General
Avoid paving during the wet season when feasible.
Reschedule paving and grinding activities if rain is forecasted.
Train employees and sub-contractors in pollution prevention and reduction.
Store materials away from drainage courses to prevent stormwater runon (see WM-1,
Material Delivery and Storage).
Protect drainage courses, particularly in areas with a grade, by employing BMPs to divert
runoff or to trap and filter sediment.
Stockpile material removed from roadways away from drain inlets, drainage ditches, and
watercourses. These materials should be stored consistent with WM-3, Stockpile
Management.
Disposal of PCC (Portland cement concrete) and AC (asphalt concrete) waste should be in
conformance with WM-8, Concrete Waste Management.
Saw Cutting, Grinding, and Pavement Removal
Shovel or vacuum saw-cut slurry and remove from site. Cover or barricade storm drains
during saw cutting to contain slurry.
When paving involves AC, the following steps should be implemented to prevent the
discharge of grinding residue, uncompacted or loose AC, tack coats, equipment cleaners, or
unrelated paving materials:
- AC grindings, pieces, or chunks used in embankments or shoulder backing should not be
allowed to enter any storm drains or watercourses. Install inlet protection and perimeter
controls until area is stabilized (i.e. cutting, grinding or other removal activities are
complete and loose material has been properly removed and disposed of)or permanent
controls are in place. Examples of temporary perimeter controls can be found in EC-9,
Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales; SE-1, Silt Fence; SE-5, Fiber Rolls, or SE-13 Compost
Socks and Berms
- Collect and remove all broken asphalt and recycle when practical. Old or spilled asphalt
should be recycled or disposed of properly.
Do not allow saw-cut slurry to enter storm drains or watercourses. Residue from grinding
operations should be picked up by a vacuum attachment to the grinding machine, or by
sweeping, should not be allowed to flow across the pavement, and should not be left on the
surface of the pavement. See also WM-8, Concrete Waste Management, and WM-10, Liquid
Waste Management.
Pavement removal activities should not be conducted in the rain.
Collect removed pavement material by mechanical or manual methods. This material may
be recycled for use as shoulder backing or base material.
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If removed pavement material cannot be recycled, transport the material back to an
approved storage site.
Asphaltic Concrete Paving
If paving involves asphaltic cement concrete, follow these steps:
- Do not allow sand or gravel placed over new asphalt to wash into storm drains, streets,
or creeks. Vacuum or sweep loose sand and gravel and properly dispose of this waste by
referring to WM-5, Solid Waste Management.
- Old asphalt should be disposed of properly. Collect and remove all broken asphalt from
the site and recycle whenever possible.
Portland Cement Concrete Paving
Do not wash sweepings from exposed aggregate concrete into a storm drain system. Collect
waste materials by dry methods, such as sweeping or shoveling, and return to aggregate base
stockpile or dispose of properly. Allow aggregate rinse to settle. Then, either allow rinse
water to dry in a temporary pit as described in WM-8, Concrete Waste Management, or
pump the water to the sanitary sewer if authorized by the local wastewater authority.
Sealing Operations
During chip seal application and sweeping operations, petroleum or petroleum covered
aggregate should not be allowed to enter any storm drain or water courses. Apply temporary
perimeter controls until structure is stabilized (i.e. all sealing operations are complete and
cured and loose materials have been properly removed and disposed).
Inlet protection (SE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection) should be used during application of
seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, and fog seal.
Seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, or fog seal should not be applied if rainfall is predicted to
occur during the application or curing period.
Paving Equipment
Leaks and spills from paving equipment can contain toxic levels of heavy metals and oil and
grease. Place drip pans or absorbent materials under paving equipment when not in use.
Clean up spills with absorbent materials and dispose of in accordance with the applicable
regulations. See NS-10, Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance, WM-4, Spill Prevention and
Control, and WM-10, Liquid Waste Management.
Substances used to coat asphalt transport trucks and asphalt spreading equipment should
not contain soap and should be non-foaming and non-toxic.
Paving equipment parked onsite should be parked over plastic to prevent soil
contamination.
Clean asphalt coated equipment offsite whenever possible. When cleaning dry, hardened
asphalt from equipment, manage hardened asphalt debris as described in WM-5, Solid
Waste Management. Any cleaning onsite should follow NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment
Cleaning.
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Thermoplastic Striping
Thermoplastic striper and pre-heater equipment shutoff valves should be inspected to
ensure that they are working properly to prevent leaking thermoplastic from entering drain
inlets, the stormwater drainage system, or watercourses.
Pre-heaters should be filled carefully to prevent splashing or spilling of hot thermoplastic.
Leave six inches of space at the top of the pre-heater container when filling thermoplastic to
allow room for material to move.
Do not pre-heat, transfer, or load thermoplastic near drain inlets or watercourses.
Clean truck beds daily of loose debris and melted thermoplastic. When possible, recycle
thermoplastic material.
Raised/Recessed Pavement Marker Application and Removal
Do not transfer or load bituminous material near drain inlets, the stormwater drainage
system, or watercourses.
Melting tanks should be loaded with care and not filled to beyond six inches from the top to
leave room for splashing.
When servicing or filling melting tanks, ensure all pressure is released before removing lids
to avoid spills.
On large-scale projects, use mechanical or manual methods to collect excess bituminous
material from the roadway after removal of markers.
Costs
All of the above are low cost measures.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
paving and grinding operations.
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Sample stormwater runoff required by the General Permit.
Keep ample supplies of drip pans or absorbent materials onsite.
Inspect and maintain machinery regularly to minimize leaks and drips.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
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Hot Mix Asphalt-Paving Handbook AC 150/5370-14, Appendix I, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
July 1991.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February
2005.
PA2022-0262
Illicit Connection/Discharge NS-6
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 3
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Description and Purpose
Procedures and practices designed for construction contractors
to recognize illicit connections or illegally dumped or
discharged materials on a construction site and report
incidents.
Suitable Applications
This best management practice (BMP) applies to all
construction projects. Illicit connection/discharge and
reporting is applicable anytime an illicit connection or
discharge is discovered, or illegally dumped material is found
on the construction site.
Limitations
Illicit connections and illegal discharges or dumping, for the
purposes of this BMP, refer to discharges and dumping caused
by parties other than the contractor. If pre-existing hazardous
materials or wastes are known to exist onsite, they should be
identified in the SWPPP and handled as set forth in the SWPPP.
Implementation
Planning
Review the SWPPP. Pre-existing areas of contamination
should be identified and documented in the SWPPP.
Inspect site before beginning the job for evidence of illicit
connections, illegal dumping or discharges. Document any
pre-existing conditions and notify the owner.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Illicit Connection/Discharge NS-6
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 3
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Inspect site regularly during project execution for evidence of illicit connections, illegal
dumping or discharges.
Observe site perimeter for evidence for potential of illicitly discharged or illegally dumped
material, which may enter the job site.
Identification of Illicit Connections and Illegal Dumping or Discharges
General unlabeled and unidentifiable material should be treated as hazardous.
Solids - Look for debris, or rubbish piles. Solid waste dumping often occurs on roadways
with light traffic loads or in areas not easily visible from the traveled way.
Liquids - signs of illegal liquid dumping or discharge can include:
- Visible signs of staining or unusual colors to the pavement or surrounding adjacent
soils
- Pungent odors coming from the drainage systems
- Discoloration or oily substances in the water or stains and residues detained within
ditches, channels or drain boxes
- Abnormal water flow during the dry weather season
Urban Areas - Evidence of illicit connections or illegal discharges is typically detected at
storm drain outfall locations or at manholes. Signs of an illicit connection or illegal
discharge can include:
- Abnormal water flow during the dry weather season
- Unusual flows in sub drain systems used for dewatering
- Pungent odors coming from the drainage systems
- Discoloration or oily substances in the water or stains and residues detained within
ditches, channels or drain boxes
- Excessive sediment deposits, particularly adjacent to or near active offsite construction
projects
Rural Areas - Illicit connections or illegal discharges involving irrigation drainage ditches
are detected by visual inspections. Signs of an illicit discharge can include:
- Abnormal water flow during the non-irrigation season
- Non-standard junction structures
- Broken concrete or other disturbances at or near junction structures
Reporting
Notify the owner of any illicit connections and illegal dumping or discharge incidents at the time
of discovery. For illicit connections or discharges to the storm drain system, notify the local
stormwater management agency. For illegal dumping, notify the local law enforcement agency.
Cleanup and Removal
The responsibility for cleanup and removal of illicit or illegal dumping or discharges will vary by
location. Contact the local stormwater management agency for further information.
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Costs
Costs to look for and report illicit connections and illegal discharges and dumping are low. The
best way to avoid costs associated with illicit connections and illegal discharges and dumping is
to keep the project perimeters secure to prevent access to the site, to observe the site for vehicles
that should not be there, and to document any waste or hazardous materials that exist onsite
before taking possession of the site.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs
in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk
level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted
rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.
Inspect the site regularly to check for any illegal dumping or discharge.
Prohibit employees and subcontractors from disposing of non-job-related debris or
materials at the construction site.
Notify the owner of any illicit connections and illegal dumping or discharge incidents at the
time of discovery.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
PA2022-0262
Potable Water/Irrigation NS-7
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Description and Purpose
Potable Water/Irrigation consists of practices and procedures
to manage the discharge of potential pollutants generated
during discharges from irrigation water lines, landscape
irrigation, lawn or garden watering, planned and unplanned
discharges from potable water sources, water line flushing, and
hydrant flushing.
Suitable Applications
Implement this BMP whenever potable water or irrigation
water discharges occur at or enter a construction site.
Limitations
None identified.
Implementation
Direct water from offsite sources around or through a
construction site, where feasible, in a way that minimizes
contact with the construction site.
Discharges from water line flushing should be reused for
landscaping purposes where feasible.
Shut off the water source to broken lines, sprinklers, or
valves as soon as possible to prevent excess water flow.
Protect downstream stormwater drainage systems and
watercourses from water pumped or bailed from trenches
excavated to repair water lines.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Potable Water/Irrigation NS-7
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 2
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Inspect irrigated areas within the construction limits for excess watering. Adjust watering
times and schedules to ensure that the appropriate amount of water is being used and to
minimize runoff. Consider factors such as soil structure, grade, time of year, and type of
plant material in determining the proper amounts of water for a specific area.
Costs
Cost to manage potable water and irrigation are low and generally considered to be a normal
part of related activities.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs
in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk
level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted
rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.
Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges
occur.
Repair broken water lines as soon as possible.
Inspect irrigated areas regularly for signs of erosion and/or discharge.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8
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Description and Purpose
Vehicle and equipment cleaning procedures and practices
eliminate or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater
from vehicle and equipment cleaning operations. Procedures
and practices include but are not limited to: using offsite
facilities; washing in designated, contained areas only;
eliminating discharges to the storm drain by infiltrating the
wash water; and training employees and subcontractors in
proper cleaning procedures.
Suitable Applications
These procedures are suitable on all construction sites where
vehicle and equipment cleaning is performed.
Limitations
Even phosphate-free, biodegradable soaps have been shown to
be toxic to fish before the soap degrades. Sending
vehicles/equipment offsite should be done in conjunction with
TC-1, Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit.
Implementation
Other options to washing equipment onsite include contracting
with either an offsite or mobile commercial washing business.
These businesses may be better equipped to handle and dispose
of the wash waters properly. Performing this work offsite can
also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate
washing operation onsite.
If washing operations are to take place onsite, then:
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Use phosphate-free, biodegradable soaps.
Educate employees and subcontractors on pollution prevention measures.
Do not permit steam cleaning onsite. Steam cleaning can generate significant pollutant
concentrates.
Cleaning of vehicles and equipment with soap, solvents or steam should not occur on the
project site unless resulting wastes are fully contained and disposed of. Resulting wastes
should not be discharged or buried and must be captured and recycled or disposed according
to the requirements of WM-10, Liquid Waste Management or WM-6, Hazardous Waste
Management, depending on the waste characteristics. Minimize use of solvents. Use of
diesel for vehicle and equipment cleaning is prohibited.
All vehicles and equipment that regularly enter and leave the construction site must be
cleaned offsite.
When vehicle and equipment washing and cleaning must occur onsite, and the operation
cannot be located within a structure or building equipped with appropriate disposal
facilities, the outside cleaning area should have the following characteristics:
- Located away from storm drain inlets, drainage facilities, or watercourses
- Paved with concrete or asphalt and bermed to contain wash waters and to prevent runon
and runoff
- Configured with a sump to allow collection and disposal of wash water
- No discharge of wash waters to storm drains or watercourses
- Used only when necessary
When cleaning vehicles and equipment with water:
- Use as little water as possible. High-pressure sprayers may use less water than a hose
and should be considered
- Use positive shutoff valve to minimize water usage
- Facility wash racks should discharge to a sanitary sewer, recycle system or other
approved discharge system and must not discharge to the storm drainage system,
watercourses, or to groundwater
Costs
Cleaning vehicles and equipment at an offsite facility may reduce overall costs for vehicle and
equipment cleaning by eliminating the need to provide similar services onsite. When onsite
cleaning is needed, the cost to establish appropriate facilities is relatively low on larger, long-
duration projects, and moderate to high on small, short-duration projects.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8
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Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs
in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk
level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted
rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.
Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges
occur.
Inspection and maintenance is minimal, although some berm repair may be necessary.
Monitor employees and subcontractors throughout the duration of the construction project
to ensure appropriate practices are being implemented.
Inspect sump regularly and remove liquids and sediment as needed.
Prohibit employees and subcontractors from washing personal vehicles and equipment on
the construction site.
References
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Swisher, R.D. Surfactant Biodegradation, Marcel Decker Corporation, 1987.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Vehicle equipment fueling procedures and practices are
designed to prevent fuel spills and leaks and reduce or
eliminate contamination of stormwater. This can be
accomplished by using offsite facilities, fueling in designated
areas only, enclosing or covering stored fuel, implementing spill
controls, and training employees and subcontractors in proper
fueling procedures.
Suitable Applications
These procedures are suitable on all construction sites where
vehicle and equipment fueling takes place.
Limitations
Onsite vehicle and equipment fueling should only be used
where it is impractical to send vehicles and equipment offsite
for fueling. Sending vehicles and equipment offsite should be
done in conjunction with TC-1, Stabilized Construction
Entrance/ Exit.
Implementation
Use offsite fueling stations as much as possible. These
businesses are better equipped to handle fuel and spills
properly. Performing this work offsite can also be
economical by eliminating the need for a separate fueling
area at a site.
Discoura -
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Absorbent spill cleanup materials and spill kits should be available in fueling areas and on
fueling trucks and should be disposed of properly after use.
Drip pans or absorbent pads should be used during vehicle and equipment fueling, unless
the fueling is performed over an impermeable surface in a dedicated fueling area.
Use absorbent materials on small spills. Do not hose down or bury the spill. Remove the
adsorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly.
Avoid mobile fueling of mobile construction equipment around the site; rather, transport the
equipment to designated fueling areas. With the exception of tracked equipment such as
bulldozers and large excavators, most vehicles should be able to travel to a designated area
with little lost time.
Train employees and subcontractors in proper fueling and cleanup procedures.
When fueling must take place onsite, designate an area away from drainage courses to be
used. Fueling areas should be identified in the SWPPP.
Dedicated fueling areas should be protected from stormwater runon and runoff and should
be located at least 50 ft away from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses. Fueling
must be performed on level-grade areas.
Protect fueling areas with berms and dikes to prevent runon, runoff, and to contain spills.
Nozzles used in vehicle and equipment fueling should be equipped with an automatic shutoff
to control drips. Fueling operations should not be left unattended.
Use vapor recovery nozzles to help control drips as well as air pollution where required by
Air Quality Management Districts (AQMD).
Federal, state, and local requirements should be observed for any stationary above ground
storage tanks.
Costs
All of the above measures are low cost except for the capital costs of above ground tanks that
meet all local environmental, zoning, and fire codes.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project
type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior
to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain
events.
Vehicles and equipment should be inspected each day of use for leaks. Leaks should be
repaired immediately, or problem vehicles or equipment should be removed from the project
site.
Keep ample supplies of spill cleanup materials onsite.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 3 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Immediately clean up spills and properly dispose of contaminated soil and cleanup
materials.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance,
Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 4
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Prevent or reduce the contamination of stormwater resulting
and clean The best option would be to perform
maintenance activities at an offsite facility. If this option is not
available then work should be performed in designated areas
only, while providing cover for materials stored outside,
checking for leaks and spills, and containing and cleaning up
spills immediately. Employees and subcontractors must be
trained in proper procedures.
Suitable Applications
These procedures are suitable on all construction projects
where an onsite yard area is necessary for storage and
maintenance of heavy equipment and vehicles.
Limitations
Onsite vehicle and equipment maintenance should only be used
where it is impractical to send vehicles and equipment offsite
for maintenance and repair. Sending vehicles/equipment
offsite should be done in conjunction with TC-1, Stabilized
Construction Entrance/Exit.
Outdoor vehicle or equipment maintenance is a potentially
significant source of stormwater pollution. Activities that can
contaminate stormwater include engine repair and service,
changing or replacement of fluids, and outdoor equipment
storage and parking (engine fluid leaks). For further
information on vehicle or equipment servicing, see NS-8,
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 4
Construction
www.casqa.org
Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning, and NS-9, Vehicle and Equipment Fueling.
Implementation
Use offsite repair shops as much as possible. These businesses are better equipped to handle
vehicle fluids and spills properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by
eliminating the need for a separate maintenance area.
If maintenance must occur onsite, use designated areas, located away from drainage courses.
Dedicated maintenance areas should be protected from stormwater runon and runoff and
should be located at least 50 ft from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses.
Drip pans or absorbent pads should be used during vehicle and equipment maintenance
work that involves fluids, unless the maintenance work is performed over an impermeable
surface in a dedicated maintenance area.
Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible.
All fueling trucks and fueling areas are required to have spill kits and/or use other spill
protection devices.
Use adsorbent materials on small spills. Remove the absorbent materials promptly and
dispose of properly.
Inspect onsite vehicles and equipment daily at startup for leaks, and repair immediately.
Keep vehicles and equipment clean; do not allow excessive build-up of oil and grease.
Segregate and recycle wastes, such as greases, used oil or oil filters, antifreeze, cleaning
solutions, automotive batteries, hydraulic and transmission fluids. Provide secondary
containment and covers for these materials if stored onsite.
Train employees and subcontractors in proper maintenance and spill cleanup procedures.
Drip pans or plastic sheeting should be placed under all vehicles and equipment placed on
docks, barges, or other structures over water bodies when the vehicle or equipment is
planned to be idle for more than 1 hour.
For long-term projects, consider using portable tents or covers over maintenance areas if
maintenance cannot be performed offsite.
Consider use of new, alternative greases and lubricants, such as adhesive greases, for chassis
lubrication and fifth-wheel lubrication.
Properly dispose of used oils, fluids, lubricants, and spill cleanup materials.
Do not place used oil in a dumpster or pour into a storm drain or watercourse.
Properly dispose of or recycle used batteries.
Do not bury used tires.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 3 of 4
Construction
www.casqa.org
Repair leaks of fluids and oil immediately.
Listed below is further information if you must perform vehicle or equipment maintenance
onsite.
Safer Alternative Products
Consider products that are less toxic or hazardous than regular products. These products
Consider use of grease substitutes for lubrication of truck fifth-wheels. Follow
manufacturers label for details on specific uses.
Consider use of plastic friction plates on truck fifth-wheels in lieu of grease. Follow
manufacturers label for details on specific uses.
Waste Reduction
Parts are often cleaned using solvents such as trichloroethylene, trichloroethane, or methylene
chloride. Many of these cleaners are listed in California Toxic Rule as priority pollutants. These
materials are harmful and must not contaminate stormwater. They must be disposed of as a
hazardous waste. Reducing the number of solvents makes recycling easier and reduces
hazardous waste management costs. Often, one solvent can perform a job as well as two
different solvents. Also, if possible, eliminate or reduce the amount of hazardous materials and
waste by substituting non-hazardous or less hazardous materials. For example, replace
chlorinated organic solvents with non-chlorinated solvents. Non-chlorinated solvents like
kerosene or mineral spirits are less toxic and less expensive to dispose of properly. Check the
indicates that the solvent is chlorinated. Also, try substituting a wire brush for solvents to clean
parts.
Recycling and Disposal
Separating wastes allows for easier recycling and may reduce disposal costs. Keep hazardous
wastes separate, do not mix used oil solvents, and keep chlorinated solvents (like,-
trichloroethane) separate from non-chlorinated solvents (like kerosene and mineral spirits).
or other open containers lying around. Provide cover and secondary containment until these
materials can be removed from the site.
Oil filters can be recycled. Ask your oil supplier or recycler about recycling oil filters.
Do not dispose of extra paints and coatings by dumping liquid onto the ground or throwing it
into dumpsters. Allow coatings to dry or harden before disposal into covered dumpsters.
Store cracked batteries in a non-leaking secondary container. Do this with all cracked batteries,
even if you think all the acid has drained out. If you drop a battery, treat it as if it is cracked.
Put it into the containment area until you are sure it is not leaking.
Costs
All of the above are low cost measures. Higher costs are incurred to setup and maintain onsite
maintenance areas.
PA2022-0262
Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 4 of 4
Construction
www.casqa.org
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs
in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk
level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted
rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.
Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges
occur.
Keep ample supplies of spill cleanup materials onsite.
Maintain waste fluid containers in leak proof condition.
Vehicles and equipment should be inspected on each day of use. Leaks should be repaired
immediately, or the problem vehicle(s) or equipment should be removed from the project
site.
Inspect equipment for damaged hoses and leaky gaskets routinely. Repair or replace as
needed.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program; Program Development and Approval Guidance,
Working Group, Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
PA2022-0262
Concrete Curing NS-12
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Concrete curing is used in the construction of structures such as
bridges, retaining walls, pump houses, large slabs, and
structured foundations. Concrete curing includes the use of
both chemical and water methods.
Concrete and its associated curing materials have basic
chemical properties that can raise the pH of water to levels
outside of the permitted range. Discharges of stormwater and
non-stormwater exposed to concrete during curing may have a
high pH and may contain chemicals, metals, and fines. The
General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for
pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project s
risk level and if you are subject to these requirements).
Proper procedures and care should be taken when managing
concrete curing materials to prevent them from coming into
contact with stormwater flows, which could result in a high pH
discharge.
Suitable Applications
Suitable applications include all projects where Portland
Cement Concrete (PCC) and concrete curing chemicals are
placed where they can be exposed to rainfall, runoff from other
areas, or where runoff from the PCC will leave the site.
Limitations
Runoff contact with concrete waste can raise pH levels in
the water to environmentally harmful levels and trigger
permit violations.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Concrete Curing NS-12
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Implementation
Chemical Curing
Avoid over spray of curing compounds.
Minimize the drift by applying the curing compound close to the concrete surface. Apply an
amount of compound that covers the surface but does not allow any runoff of the compound.
Use proper storage and handling techniques for concrete curing compounds. Refer to WM-
1, Material Delivery and Storage.
Protect drain inlets prior to the application of curing compounds.
Refer to WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control.
Water Curing for Bridge Decks, Retaining Walls, and other Structures
Direct cure water away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for evaporation or
other means of removal in accordance with all applicable permits. See WM-8 Concrete
Waste Management.
Collect cure water at the top of slopes and transport to a concrete waste management area in
a non-erosive manner. See EC-9 Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales, EC-10, Velocity
Dissipation Devices, and EC-11, Slope Drains.
Utilize wet blankets or a similar method that maintains moisture while minimizing the use
and possible discharge of water.
Education Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on proper concrete curing techniques to
prevent contact with discharge as described herein.
Arrange for the QSP or the appropriately trained
representative to oversee and enforce concrete curing procedures.
Costs
All of the above measures are generally low cost.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities.
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges
occur.
Sample non-stormwater discharges and stormwater runoff that contacts uncured and
partially cured concrete as required by the General Permit.
PA2022-0262
Concrete Curing NS-12
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 3 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Ensure that employees and subcontractors implement appropriate measures for storage,
handling, and use of curing compounds.
Inspect cure containers and spraying equipment for leaks.
References
Blue Print for a Clean Bay-Construction-Related Industries: Best Management Practices for
Stormwater Pollution Prevention; Santa Clara Valley Non-Point Source Pollution Control
Program, 1992.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February
2005.
PA2022-0262
Concrete Finishing NS-13
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Concrete finishing methods are used for bridge deck
rehabilitation, paint removal, curing compound removal, and
final surface finish appearances. Methods include sand
blasting, shot blasting, grinding, or high-pressure water
blasting. Stormwater and non-stormwater exposed to concrete
finishing by-products may have a high pH and may contain
chemicals, metals, and fines. Proper procedures and
implementation of appropriate BMPs can minimize the impact
that concrete-finishing methods may have on stormwater and
non-stormwater discharges.
The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL)
for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your
to these requirements).
Concrete and its associated curing materials have basic
chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the
permitted range. Additional care should be taken when
managing these materials to prevent them from coming into
contact with stormwater flows, which could lead to exceedances
of the General Permit requirements.
Suitable Applications
These procedures apply to all construction locations where
concrete finishing operations are performed.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Concrete Finishing NS-13
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Limitations
Runoff contact with concrete waste can raise pH levels in the water to environmentally
harmful levels and trigger permit violations.
Implementation
Collect and properly dispose of water from high-pressure water blasting operations.
Collect contaminated water from blasting operations at the top of slopes. Transport or
dispose of contaminated water while using BMPs such as those for erosion control. Refer to
EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales, EC-10, Velocity Dissipation Devices, and EC-11,
Slope Drains.
Direct water from blasting operations away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas
for infiltration or other means of removal (dewatering). Refer to NS-2 Dewatering
Operations.
Protect inlets during sandblasting operations. Refer to SE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection.
Refer to WM-8, Concrete Waste Management for disposal of concrete debris.
Minimize the drift of dust and blast material as much as possible by keeping the blasting
nozzle close to the surface.
When blast residue contains a potentially hazardous waste, refer to WM-6, Hazardous Waste
Management.
Education
Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on proper concrete finishing techniques
to prevent contact with discharge as described herein.
Arrange for the QSP or the appropriately trained contr
representative to oversee and enforce concrete finishing procedures.
Costs
These measures are generally of low cost.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities.
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges
occur.
Sample non-stormwater discharges and stormwater runoff that contacts concrete dust and
debris as required by the General Permit.
PA2022-0262
Concrete Finishing NS-13
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 3 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Sweep or vacuum up debris from sandblasting at the end of each shift.
At the end of each work shift, remove and contain liquid and solid waste from containment
structures, if any, and from the general work area.
Inspect containment structures for damage prior to use and prior to onset of forecasted rain.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
PA2022-0262
Material Delivery and Storage WM-1
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 5
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Prevent, reduce, or eliminate the discharge of pollutants from
material delivery and storage to the stormwater system or
watercourses by minimizing the storage of hazardous materials
onsite, storing materials in watertight containers and/or a
completely enclosed designated area, installing secondary
containment, conducting regular inspections, and training
employees and subcontractors.
This best management practice covers only material delivery
and storage. For other information on materials, see WM-2,
Material Use, or WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control. For
information on wastes, see the waste management BMPs in this
section.
Suitable Applications
These procedures are suitable for use at all construction sites
with delivery and storage of the following materials:
Soil stabilizers and binders
Pesticides and herbicides
Fertilizers
Detergents
Plaster
Petroleum products such as fuel, oil, and grease
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Material Delivery and Storage WM-1
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 5
Construction
www.casqa.org
Asphalt and concrete components
Hazardous chemicals such as acids, lime, glues, adhesives, paints, solvents, and curing
compounds
Concrete compounds
Other materials that may be detrimental if released to the environment
Limitations
Space limitation may preclude indoor storage.
Storage sheds often must meet building and fire code requirements.
Implementation
The following steps should be taken to minimize risk:
Chemicals must be stored in water tight containers with appropriate secondary containment
or in a storage shed.
When a material storage area is located on bare soil, the area should be lined and bermed.
Use containment pallets or other practical and available solutions, such as storing materials
within newly constructed buildings or garages, to meet material storage requirements.
Stack erodible landscape material on pallets and cover when not in use.
Contain all fertilizers and other landscape materials when not in use.
Temporary storage areas should be located away from vehicular traffic.
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) should be available on-site for all materials stored that
have the potential to effect water quality.
Construction site areas should be designated for material delivery and storage.
Material delivery and storage areas should be located away from waterways, if possible.
- Avoid transport near drainage paths or waterways.
- Surround with earth berms or other appropriate containment BMP. See EC-9, Earth
Dikes and Drainage Swales.
- Place in an area that will be paved.
Storage of reactive, ignitable, or flammable liquids must comply with the fire codes of your
area. Contact the local Fire Marshal to review site materials, quantities, and proposed
storage area to determine specific requirements. See the Flammable and Combustible
Liquid Code, NFPA30.
An up to date inventory of materials delivered and stored onsite should be kept.
PA2022-0262
Material Delivery and Storage WM-1
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 3 of 5
Construction
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Hazardous materials storage onsite should be minimized.
Hazardous materials should be handled as infrequently as possible.
Keep ample spill cleanup supplies appropriate for the materials being stored. Ensure that
cleanup supplies are in a conspicuous, labeled area.
Employees and subcontractors should be trained on the proper material delivery and storage
practices.
Employees trained in emergency spill cleanup procedures must be present when dangerous
materials or liquid chemicals are unloaded.
If significant residual materials remain on the ground after construction is complete,
properly remove and dispose of materials and any contaminated soil. See WM-7,
Contaminated Soil Management. If the area is to be paved, pave as soon as materials are
removed to stabilize the soil.
Material Storage Areas and Practices
Liquids, petroleum products, and substances listed in 40 CFR Parts 110, 117, or 302 should
be stored in approved containers and drums and should not be overfilled. Containers and
drums should be placed in temporary containment facilities for storage.
A temporary containment facility should provide for a spill containment volume able to
contain precipitation from a 25-year storm event, plus the greater of 10% of the aggregate
volume of all containers or 100% of the capacity of the largest container within its boundary,
whichever is greater.
A temporary containment facility should be impervious to the materials stored therein for a
minimum contact time of 72 hours.
A temporary containment facility should be maintained free of accumulated rainwater and
spills. In the event of spills or leaks, accumulated rainwater and spills should be collected
and placed into drums. These liquids should be handled as a hazardous waste unless testing
determines them to be non-hazardous. All collected liquids or non-hazardous liquids should
be sent to an approved disposal site.
Sufficient separation should be provided between stored containers to allow for spill cleanup
and emergency response access.
Incompatible materials, such as chlorine and ammonia, should not be stored in the same
temporary containment facility.
Materials should be covered prior to, and during rain events.
Materials should be stored in their original containers and the original product labels should
be maintained in place in a legible condition. Damaged or otherwise illegible labels should
be replaced immediately.
PA2022-0262
Material Delivery and Storage WM-1
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 4 of 5
Construction
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Bagged and boxed materials should be stored on pallets and should not be allowed to
accumulate on the ground. To provide protection from wind and rain throughout the rainy
season, bagged and boxed materials should be covered during non-working days and prior to
and during rain events.
Stockpiles should be protected in accordance with WM-3, Stockpile Management.
Materials should be stored indoors within existing structures or completely enclosed storage
sheds when available.
Proper storage instructions should be posted at all times in an open and conspicuous
location.
An ample supply of appropriate spill clean up material should be kept near storage areas.
Also see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management, for storing of hazardous wastes.
Material Delivery Practices
Keep an accurate, up-to-date inventory of material delivered and stored onsite.
Arrange for employees trained in emergency spill cleanup procedures to be present when
dangerous materials or liquid chemicals are unloaded.
Spill Cleanup
Contain and clean up any spill immediately.
Properly remove and dispose of any hazardous materials or contaminated soil if significant
residual materials remain on the ground after construction is complete. See WM-7,
Contaminated Soil Management.
See WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control, for spills of chemicals and/or hazardous materials.
If spills or leaks of materials occur that are not contained and could discharge to surface
waters, non-visible sampling of site discharge may be required. Refer to the General Permit
or to your project specific Construction Site Monitoring Plan to determine if and where
sampling is required.
Cost
The largest cost of implementation may be in the construction of a materials storage area
that is covered and provides secondary containment.
Inspection and Maintenance
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Keep storage areas clean and well organized, including a current list of all materials onsite.
Inspect labels on containers for legibility and accuracy.
PA2022-0262
Material Delivery and Storage WM-1
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 5 of 5
Construction
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Repair or replace perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners as needed to
maintain proper function.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance,
Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
PA2022-0262
Material Use WM-2
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 4
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain
system or watercourses from material use by using alternative
products, minimizing hazardous material use onsite, and
training employees and subcontractors.
Suitable Applications
This BMP is suitable for use at all construction projects. These
procedures apply when the following materials are used or
prepared onsite:
Pesticides and herbicides
Fertilizers
Detergents
Petroleum products such as fuel, oil, and grease
Asphalt and other concrete components
Other hazardous chemicals such as acids, lime, glues,
adhesives, paints, solvents, and curing compounds
Other materials that may be detrimental if released to the
environment
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Material Use WM-2
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 4
Construction
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Limitations
Safer alternative building and construction products may not be available or suitable in every
instance.
Implementation
The following steps should be taken to minimize risk:
Minimize use of hazardous materials onsite.
Follow manufacturer instructions regarding uses, protective equipment, ventilation,
flammability, and mixing of chemicals.
Train personnel who use pesticides. The California Department of Pesticide Regulation and
county agricultural commissioners license pesticide dealers, certify pesticide applicators,
and conduct onsite inspections.
The preferred method of termiticide application is soil injection near the existing or
proposed structure foundation/slab; however, if not feasible, soil drench application of
termiticides should follow EPA label guidelines and the following recommendations (most
of which are applicable to most pesticide applications):
Do not treat soil that is water-saturated or frozen.
Application shall not commence within 24-hours of a predicted precipitation event with
a 40% or greater probability. Weather tracking must be performed on a daily basis prior
to termiticide application and during the period of termiticide application.
Do not allow treatment chemicals to runoff from the target area. Apply proper quantity
to prevent excess runoff. Provide containment for and divert stormwater from
application areas using berms or diversion ditches during application.
Dry season: Do not apply within 10 feet of storm drains. Do not apply within 25 feet of
aquatic habitats (such as, but not limited to, lakes; reservoirs; rivers; permanent
streams; marshes or ponds; estuaries; and commercial fish farm ponds).
Wet season: Do not apply within 50 feet of storm drains or aquatic habitats (such as, but
not limited to, lakes; reservoirs; rivers; permanent streams; marshes or ponds; estuaries;
and commercial fish farm ponds) unless a vegetative buffer is present (if so, refer to dry
season requirements).
Do not make on-grade applications when sustained wind speeds are above 10 mph (at
application site) at nozzle end height.
Cover treatment site prior to a rain event in order to prevent run-off of the pesticide into
non-target areas. The treated area should be limited to a size that can be backfilled
and/or covered by the end of the work shift. Backfilling or covering of the treated area
shall be done by the end of the same work shift in which the application is made.
The applicator must either cover the soil him/herself or provide written notification of
the above requirement to the contractor on site and to the person commissioning the
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application (if different than the contractor). If notice is provided to the contractor or the
person commissioning the application, then they are responsible under the Federal
Insecticide Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) to ensure that: 1) if the concrete slab
cannot be poured over the treated soil within 24 hours of application, the treated soil is
covered with a waterproof covering (such as polyethylene sheeting), and 2) the treated
soil is covered if precipitation is predicted to occur before the concrete slab is scheduled
to be poured.
Do not over-apply fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. Prepare only the amount needed.
Follow the recommended usage instructions. Over-application is expensive and
environmentally harmful. Unless on steep slopes, till fertilizers into the soil rather than
hydraulic application. Apply surface dressings in several smaller applications, as opposed to
one large application, to allow time for infiltration and to avoid excess material being carried
offsite by runoff. Do not apply these chemicals before predicted rainfall.
Train employees and subcontractors in proper material use.
Supply Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all materials.
Dispose of latex paint and paint cans, used brushes, rags, absorbent materials, and drop
cloths, when thoroughly dry and are no longer hazardous, with other construction debris.
Do not remove the original product label; it contains important safety and disposal
information. Use the entire product before disposing of the container.
Mix paint indoors or in a containment area. Never clean paintbrushes or rinse paint
containers into a street, gutter, storm drain, or watercourse. Dispose of any paint thinners,
residue, and sludge(s) that cannot be recycled, as hazardous waste.
For water-based paint, clean brushes to the extent practicable, and rinse to a drain leading to
a sanitary sewer where permitted or contain for proper disposal off site. For oil-based
paints, clean brushes to the extent practicable, and filter and reuse thinners and solvents.
Use recycled and less hazardous products when practical. Recycle residual paints, solvents,
non-treated lumber, and other materials.
Use materials only where and when needed to complete the construction activity. Use safer
alternative materials as much as possible. Reduce or eliminate use of hazardous materials
onsite when practical.
Keep an ample supply of spill clean up material near use areas. Train employees in spill
clean up procedures.
Avoid exposing applied materials to rainfall and runoff unless sufficient time has been
allowed for them to dry.
Discontinue use of erodible landscape material within 2 days prior to a forecasted rain event
and materials should be covered and/or bermed.
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Provide containment for material use areas such as masons areas or paint
mixing/preparation areas to prevent materials/pollutants from entering stormwater.
Costs
All of the above are low cost measures.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities.
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Ensure employees and subcontractors throughout the job are using appropriate practices.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance,
Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992.
Comments on Risk Assessments Risk Reduction Options for Cypermethrin: Docket No. OPP
2005 0293; California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA) letter to USEPA,
2006.Environmental Hazard and General Labeling for Pyrethroid Non-Agricultural Outdoor
Products, EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0331-0021; USEPA, 2008.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
PA2022-0262
Stockpile Management WM-3
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Stockpile management procedures and practices are designed
to reduce or eliminate air and stormwater pollution from
stockpiles of soil, soil amendments, sand, paving materials such
as Portland cement concrete (PCC) rubble, asphalt concrete
(AC), asphalt concrete rubble, aggregate base, aggregate sub
base or pre-
Suitable Applications
Implement in all projects that stockpile soil and other loose
materials.
Limitations
Plastic sheeting as a stockpile protection is temporary and
hard to manage in windy conditions. Where plastic is used,
consider use of plastic tarps with nylon reinforcement
which may be more durable than standard sheeting.
Plastic sheeting can increase runoff volume due to lack of
infiltration and potentially cause perimeter control failure.
Plastic sheeting breaks down faster in sunlight.
The use of Plastic materials and photodegradable plastics
should be avoided.
Implementation
Protection of stockpiles is a year-round requirement. To
properly manage stockpiles:
Treat Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Stockpile Management WM-3
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
On larger sites, a minimum of 50 ft separation from concentrated flows of stormwater,
drainage courses, and inlets is recommended.
After 14 days of inactivity, a stockpile is non-active and requires further protection described
below. All stockpiles are required to be protected as non-active stockpiles immediately if
they are not scheduled to be used within 14 days.
Protect all stockpiles from stormwater run-on using temporary perimeter sediment barriers
such as compost berms (SE-13), temporary silt dikes (SE-12), fiber rolls (SE-5), silt fences
(SE-1), sandbags (SE-8), gravel bags (SE-6), or biofilter bags (SE-14). Refer to the individual
fact sheet for each of these controls for installation information.
Implement wind erosion control practices as appropriate on all stockpiled material. For
specific information, see WE-1, Wind Erosion Control.
Manage stockpiles of contaminated soil in accordance with WM-7, Contaminated Soil
Management.
Place bagged materials on pallets and under cover.
Ensure that stockpile coverings are installed securely to protect from wind and rain.
Some plastic covers withstand weather and sunlight better than others. Select cover
materials or methods based on anticipated duration of use.
Protection of Non-Active Stockpiles
A stockpile is considered non-active if it either is not used for 14 days or if it is scheduled not to
be used for 14 days or more. Stockpiles need to be protected immediately if they are not
scheduled to be used within 14 days. Non-active stockpiles of the identified materials should be
protected as follows:
Soil stockpiles
Soil stockpiles should be covered or protected with soil stabilization measures and a
temporary perimeter sediment barrier at all times.
Temporary vegetation should be considered for topsoil piles that will be stockpiled for
extended periods.
Stockpiles of Portland cement concrete rubble, asphalt concrete, asphalt concrete rubble,
aggregate base, or aggregate sub base
Stockpiles should be covered and protected with a temporary perimeter sediment barrier at
all times.
Cold mix stockpiles should be placed on and covered with plastic sheeting or comparable
material at all times and surrounded by a berm.
Stockpiles of fly ash, stucco, hydrated lime
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Stockpiles of materials that may raise the pH of runoff (i.e., basic materials) should be
covered with plastic and surrounded by a berm.
Stockpiles/Storage of treated wood
Treated wood should be covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material at all times
and surrounded by a berm.
Protection of Active Stockpiles
A stockpile is active when it is being used or is scheduled to be used within 14 days of the
previous use. Active stockpiles of the identified materials should be protected as follows:
All stockpiles should be covered and protected with a temporary linear sediment barrier
prior to the onset of precipitation.
and treated wood, and basic materials should be placed on and
covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material and surrounded by a berm prior to the
onset of precipitation.
The downstream perimeter of an active stockpile should be protected with a linear sediment
barrier or berm and runoff should be diverted around or away from the stockpile on the
upstream perimeter.
Costs
For cost information associated with stockpile protection refer to the individual erosion or
sediment control BMP fact sheet considered for implementation (For example, refer to SE-1 Silt
Fence for installation of silt fence around the perimeter of a stockpile.)
Inspection and Maintenance
Stockpiles must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the
associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be
inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and
after the conclusion of rain events.
It may be necessary to inspect stockpiles covered with plastic sheeting more frequently
during certain conditions (for example, high winds or extreme heat).
Repair and/or replace perimeter controls and covers as needed to keep them functioning
properly.
Sediment shall be removed when it reaches one-third of the barrier height.
References
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
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Spill Prevention and Control WM-4
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Construction
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Description and Purpose
Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to drainage
systems or watercourses from leaks and spills by reducing the
chance for spills, stopping the source of spills, containing and
cleaning up spills, properly disposing of spill materials, and
training employees.
This best management practice covers only spill prevention and
control. However, WM-1, Materials Delivery and Storage, and
WM-2, Material Use, also contain useful information,
particularly on spill prevention. For information on wastes, see
the waste management BMPs in this section.
Suitable Applications
This BMP is suitable for all construction projects. Spill control
procedures are implemented anytime chemicals or hazardous
substances are stored on the construction site, including the
following materials:
Soil stabilizers/binders
Dust palliatives
Herbicides
Growth inhibitors
Fertilizers
Deicing/anti-icing chemicals
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Spill Prevention and Control WM-4
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 6
Construction
www.casqa.org
Fuels
Lubricants
Other petroleum distillates
Limitations
In some cases, it may be necessary to use a private spill cleanup company.
This BMP applies to spills caused by the contractor and subcontractors.
Procedures and practices presented in this BMP are general. Contractor should identify
appropriate practices for the specific materials used or stored onsite
Implementation
The following steps will help reduce the stormwater impacts of leaks and spills:
Education
Be aware that different materials pollute in different amounts. Make sure that each
employee knows wha
Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and the
environment from spills and leaks.
Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce appropriate disposal procedures (incorporate
into regular safety meetings).
Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees.
ce proper spill
prevention and control measures.
General Measures
To the extent that the work can be accomplished safely, spills of oil, petroleum products,
substances listed under 40 CFR parts 110,117, and 302, and sanitary and septic wastes
should be contained and cleaned up immediately.
Store hazardous materials and wastes in covered containers and protect from vandalism.
Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible.
Train employees in spill prevention and cleanup.
Designate responsible individuals to oversee and enforce control measures.
Spills should be covered and protected from stormwater runon during rainfall to the extent
Do not bury or wash spills with water.
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Store and dispose of used clean up materials, contaminated materials, and recovered spill
material that is no longer suitable for the intended purpose in conformance with the
provisions in applicable BMPs.
Do not allow water used for cleaning and decontamination to enter storm drains or
watercourses. Collect and dispose of contaminated water in accordance with WM-10, Liquid
Waste Management.
Contain water overflow or minor water spillage and do not allow it to discharge into
drainage facilities or watercourses.
Place proper storage, cleanup, and spill reporting instructions for hazardous materials
stored or used on the project site in an open, conspicuous, and accessible location.
Keep waste storage areas clean, well organized, and equipped with ample cleanup supplies
as appropriate for the materials being stored. Perimeter controls, containment structures,
covers, and liners should be repaired or replaced as needed to maintain proper function.
Cleanup
Clean up leaks and spills immediately.
Use a rag for small spills on paved surfaces, a damp mop for general cleanup, and absorbent
material for larger spills. If the spilled material is hazardous, then the used cleanup
materials are also hazardous and must be sent to either a certified laundry (rags) or disposed
of as hazardous waste.
Never hose down or bury dry material spills. Clean up as much of the material as possible
and dispose of properly. See the waste management BMPs in this section for specific
information.
Minor Spills
Minor spills typically involve small quantities of oil, gasoline, paint, etc. which can be
controlled by the first responder at the discovery of the spill.
Use absorbent materials on small spills rather than hosing down or burying the spill.
Absorbent materials should be promptly removed and disposed of properly.
Follow the practice below for a minor spill:
- Contain the spread of the spill.
- Recover spilled materials.
- Clean the contaminated area and properly dispose of contaminated materials.
Semi-Significant Spills
Semi-significant spills still can be controlled by the first responder along with the aid of
other personnel such as laborers and the foreman, etc. This response may require the
cessation of all other activities.
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Spills should be cleaned up immediately:
- Contain spread of the spill.
- Notify the project foreman immediately.
- If the spill occurs on paved or impermeable surfaces, clean up using "dry" methods
(absorbent materials, cat litter and/or rags). Contain the spill by encircling with
absorbent materials and do not let the spill spread widely.
- If the spill occurs in dirt areas, immediately contain the spill by constructing an earthen
dike. Dig up and properly dispose of contaminated soil.
- If the spill occurs during rain, cover spill with tarps or other material to prevent
contaminating runoff.
Significant/Hazardous Spills
For significant or hazardous spills that cannot be controlled by personnel in the immediate
vicinity, the following steps should be taken:
- Notify the local emergency response by dialing 911. In addition to 911, the contractor will
notify the proper county officials. It is the contractor's responsibility to have all
emergency phone numbers at the construction site.
- Notify the Governor's Office of Emergency Services Warning Center, (916) 845-8911.
- For spills of federal reportable quantities, in conformance with the requirements in 40
CFR parts 110,119, and 302, the contractor should notify the National Response Center
at (800) 424-8802.
- Notification should first be made by telephone and followed up with a written report.
- The services of a contractor or a Haz-Mat team should be obtained immediately.
Construction personnel should not attempt to clean up until the appropriate and
qualified staffs have arrived at the job site.
- Other agencies which may need to be consulted include, but are not limited to, the Fire
Department, the Public Works Department, the Coast Guard, the Highway Patrol, the
City/County Police Department, Department of Toxic Substances, California Division of
Oil and Gas, Cal/OSHA, etc.
Reporting
Report significant spills to local agencies, such as the Fire Department; they can assist in
cleanup.
Federal regulations require that any significant oil spill into a water body or onto an
adjoining shoreline be reported to the National Response Center (NRC) at 800-424-8802
(24 hours).
Use the following measures related to specific activities:
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Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance
If maintenance must occur onsite, use a designated area and a secondary containment,
located away from drainage courses, to prevent the runon of stormwater and the runoff of
spills.
Regularly inspect onsite vehicles and equipment for leaks and repair immediately
Check incoming vehicles and equipment (including delivery trucks, and employee and
subcontractor vehicles) for leaking oil and fluids. Do not allow leaking vehicles or
equipment onsite.
Always use secondary containment, such as a drain pan or drop cloth, to catch spills or leaks
when removing or changing fluids.
Place drip pans or absorbent materials under paving equipment when not in use.
Use absorbent materials on small spills rather than hosing down or burying the spill.
Remove the absorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly.
drip
pans or other open containers lying around
Oil filters disposed of in trashcans or dumpsters can leak oil and pollute stormwater. Place
the oil filter in a funnel over a waste oil-recycling drum to drain excess oil before disposal.
Oil filters can also be recycled. Ask the oil supplier or recycler about recycling oil filters.
Store cracked batteries in a non-leaking secondary container. Do this with all cracked
batteries even if you think all the acid has drained out. If you drop a battery, treat it as if it is
cracked. Put it into the containment area until you are sure it is not leaking.
Vehicle and Equipment Fueling
If fueling must occur onsite, use designate areas, located away from drainage courses, to
prevent the runon of stormwater and the runoff of spills.
Always use secondary containment, such as a drain pan, when fueling to catch spills/ leaks.
Costs
Prevention of leaks and spills is inexpensive. Treatment and/ or disposal of contaminated soil
or water can be quite expensive.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs
in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk
level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted
rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.
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Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges
occur.
Keep ample supplies of spill control and cleanup materials onsite, near storage, unloading,
and maintenance areas.
Update your spill prevention and control plan and stock cleanup materials as changes occur
in the types of chemicals onsite.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
PA2022-0262
Solid Waste Management WM-5
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 4
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Solid waste management procedures and practices are designed
to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater
from solid or construction waste by providing designated waste
collection areas and containers, arranging for regular disposal,
and training employees and subcontractors.
Suitable Applications
This BMP is suitable for construction sites where the following
wastes are generated or stored:
Solid waste generated from trees and shrubs removed
during land clearing, demolition of existing structures
(rubble), and building construction
Packaging materials including wood, paper, and plastic
Scrap or surplus building materials including scrap metals,
rubber, plastic, glass pieces, and masonry products
Domestic wastes including food containers such as beverage
cans, coffee cups, paper bags, plastic wrappers, and
cigarettes
Construction wastes including brick, mortar, timber, steel
and metal scraps, pipe and electrical cuttings, non-
hazardous equipment parts, styrofoam and other materials
used to transport and package construction materials
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Solid Waste Management WM-5
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 4
Construction
www.casqa.org
Highway planting wastes, including vegetative material, plant containers, and packaging
materials
Limitations
Temporary stockpiling of certain construction wastes may not necessitate stringent drainage
related controls during the non-rainy season or in desert areas with low rainfall.
Implementation
The following steps will help keep a clean site and reduce stormwater pollution:
Select designated waste collection areas onsite.
Inform trash-hauling contractors that you will accept only watertight dumpsters for onsite
use. Inspect dumpsters for leaks and repair any dumpster that is not watertight.
Locate containers in a covered area or in a secondary containment.
Provide an adequate number of containers with lids or covers that can be placed over the
container to keep rain out or to prevent loss of wastes when it is windy.
Cover waste containers at the end of each work day and when it is raining.
Plan for additional containers and more frequent pickup during the demolition phase of
construction.
Collect site trash daily, especially during rainy and windy conditions.
Remove this solid waste promptly since erosion and sediment control devices tend to collect
litter.
Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids,
pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for
construction debris.
Do not hose out dumpsters on the construction site. Leave dumpster cleaning to the trash
hauling contractor.
Arrange for regular waste collection before containers overflow.
Clean up immediately if a container does spill.
Make sure that construction waste is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized
disposal areas.
Education
waste management procedures and practices.
Instruct employees and subcontractors on identification of solid waste and hazardous waste.
Educate employees and subcontractors on solid waste storage and disposal procedures.
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Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce disposal procedures (incorporate into regular
safety meetings).
Require that employees and subcontractors follow solid waste handling and storage
procedures.
Prohibit littering by employees, subcontractors, and visitors.
Minimize production of solid waste materials wherever possible.
Collection, Storage, and Disposal
Littering on the project site should be prohibited.
To prevent clogging of the storm drainage system, litter and debris removal from drainage
grates, trash racks, and ditch lines should be a priority.
locations where workers congregate for lunch and break periods.
Litter from work areas within the construction limits of the project site should be collected
and placed in watertight dumpsters at least weekly, regardless of whether the litter was
generated by the contractor, the public, or others. Collected litter and debris should not be
placed in or next to drain inlets, stormwater drainage systems, or watercourses.
Dumpsters of sufficient size and number should be provided to contain the solid waste
generated by the project.
Full dumpsters should be removed from the project site and the contents should be disposed
of by the trash hauling contractor.
Construction debris and waste should be removed from the site biweekly or more frequently
as needed.
Construction material visible to the public should be stored or stacked in an orderly manner.
Stormwater runon should be prevented from contacting stored solid waste through the use
of berms, dikes, or other temporary diversion structures or through the use of measures to
elevate waste from site surfaces.
Solid waste storage areas should be located at least 50 ft from drainage facilities and
watercourses and should not be located in areas prone to flooding or ponding.
Except during fair weather, construction and highway planting waste not stored in
watertight dumpsters should be securely covered from wind and rain by covering the waste
with tarps or plastic.
Segregate potentially hazardous waste from non-hazardous construction site waste.
Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids,
pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for
construction debris.
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Solid Waste Management WM-5
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For disposal of hazardous waste, see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management. Have
hazardous waste hauled to an appropriate disposal and/or recycling facility.
Salvage or recycle useful vegetation debris, packaging and surplus building materials when
practical. For example, trees and shrubs from land clearing can be used as a brush barrier,
or converted into wood chips, then used as mulch on graded areas. Wood pallets, cardboard
boxes, and construction scraps can also be recycled.
Costs
All of the above are low cost measures.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs
in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk
level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted
rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.
Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges
occur
Inspect construction waste area regularly.
Arrange for regular waste collection.
References
Processes, Procedures and Methods to Control Pollution Resulting from All Construction
Activity, 430/9-73-007, USEPA, 1973.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
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Hazardous Waste Management WM-6
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 6
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Description and Purpose
Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from
hazardous waste through proper material use, waste disposal,
and training of employees and subcontractors.
Suitable Applications
This best management practice (BMP) applies to all construction
projects. Hazardous waste management practices are
implemented on construction projects that generate waste from
the use of:
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
- Petroleum Products - Asphalt Products
- Concrete Curing Compounds - Pesticides
- Palliatives - Acids
- Septic Wastes - Paints
- Stains - Solvents
- Wood Preservatives - Roofing Tar
- Any materials deemed a hazardous waste in California,
Title 22 Division 4.5, or listed in 40 CFR Parts 110, 117,
261, or 302
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In addition, sites with existing structures may contain wastes, which must be disposed of in
accordance with federal, state, and local regulations. These wastes include:
Sandblasting grit mixed with lead-, cadmium-, or chromium-based paints
Asbestos
PCBs (particularly in older transformers)
Limitations
Hazardous waste that cannot be reused or recycled must be disposed of by a licensed
hazardous waste hauler.
Nothing in this BMP relieves the contractor from responsibility for compliance with federal,
state, and local laws regarding storage, handling, transportation, and disposal of hazardous
wastes.
This BMP does not cover aerially deposited lead (ADL) soils. For ADL soils refer to WM-7,
Contaminated Soil Management.
Implementation
The following steps will help reduce stormwater pollution from hazardous wastes:
Material Use
Wastes should be stored in sealed containers constructed of a suitable material and should
be labeled as required by Title 22 CCR, Division 4.5 and 49 CFR Parts 172, 173, 178, and 179.
All hazardous waste should be stored, transported, and disposed as required in Title 22 CCR,
Division 4.5 and 49 CFR 261-263.
Waste containers should be stored in temporary containment facilities that should comply
with the following requirements:
- Temporary containment facility should provide for a spill containment volume equal to
1.5 times the volume of all containers able to contain precipitation from a 25-year storm
event, plus the greater of 10% of the aggregate volume of all containers or 100% of the
capacity of the largest tank within its boundary, whichever is greater.
- Temporary containment facility should be impervious to the materials stored there for a
minimum contact time of 72 hours.
- Temporary containment facilities should be maintained free of accumulated rainwater
and spills. In the event of spills or leaks, accumulated rainwater and spills should be
placed into drums after each rainfall. These liquids should be handled as a hazardous
waste unless testing determines them to be non-hazardous. Non-hazardous liquids
should be sent to an approved disposal site.
- Sufficient separation should be provided between stored containers to allow for spill
cleanup and emergency response access.
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- Incompatible materials, such as chlorine and ammonia, should not be stored in the same
temporary containment facility.
- Throughout the rainy season, temporary containment facilities should be covered during
non-working days, and prior to rain events. Covered facilities may include use of plastic
tarps for small facilities or constructed roofs with overhangs.
Drums should not be overfilled, and wastes should not be mixed.
Unless watertight, containers of dry waste should be stored on pallets.
Do not over-apply herbicides and pesticides. Prepare only the amount needed. Follow the
recommended usage instructions. Over application is expensive and environmentally
harmful. Apply surface dressings in several smaller applications, as opposed to one large
application. Allow time for infiltration and avoid excess material being carried offsite by
runoff. Do not apply these chemicals just before it rains. People applying pesticides must be
certified in accordance with federal and state regulations.
Paint brushes and equipment for water and oil-based paints should be cleaned within a
contained area and should not be allowed to contaminate site soils, watercourses, or
drainage systems. Waste paints, thinners, solvents, residues, and sludges that cannot be
recycled or reused should be disposed of as hazardous waste. When thoroughly dry, latex
paint and paint cans, used brushes, rags, absorbent materials, and drop cloths should be
disposed of as solid waste.
Do not clean out brushes or rinse paint containers into the dirt, street, gutter, storm drain,
. Rinse water-based paints to the
sanitary sewer. Filter and reuse thinners and solvents. Dispose of excess oil-based paints
and sludge as hazardous waste.
The following actions should be taken with respect to temporary contaminant:
- Ensure that adequate hazardous waste storage volume is available.
- Ensure that hazardous waste collection containers are conveniently located.
- Designate hazardous waste storage areas onsite away from storm drains or watercourses
and away from moving vehicles and equipment to prevent accidental spills.
- Minimize production or generation of hazardous materials and hazardous waste on the
job site.
- Use containment berms in fueling and maintenance areas and where the potential for
spills is high.
- Segregate potentially hazardous waste from non-hazardous construction site debris.
- Keep liquid or semi-liquid hazardous waste in appropriate containers (closed drums or
similar) and under cover.
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- Clearly label all hazardous waste containers with the waste being stored and the date of
accumulation.
- Place hazardous waste containers in secondary containment.
- Do not allow potentially hazardous waste materials to accumulate on the ground.
- Do not mix wastes.
- Use all of the product before disposing of the container.
- Do not remove the original product label; it contains important safety and disposal
information.
Waste Recycling Disposal
Select designated hazardous waste collection areas onsite.
Hazardous materials and wastes should be stored in covered containers and protected from
vandalism.
Place hazardous waste containers in secondary containment.
Do not mix wastes, this can cause chemical reactions, making recycling impossible and
complicating disposal.
Recycle any useful materials such as used oil or water-based paint.
Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids,
pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for
construction debris.
Arrange for regular waste collection before containers overflow.
Make sure that hazardous waste (e.g., excess oil-based paint and sludge) is collected,
removed, and disposed of only at authorized disposal areas.
Disposal Procedures
Waste should be disposed of by a licensed hazardous waste transporter at an authorized and
licensed disposal facility or recycling facility utilizing properly completed Uniform
Hazardous Waste Manifest forms.
A Department of Health Services certified laboratory should sample waste to determine the
appropriate disposal facility.
Properly dispose of rainwater in secondary containment that may have mixed with
hazardous waste.
Attention is directed to "Hazardous Material", "Contaminated Material", and "Aerially
Deposited Lead" of the contract documents regarding the handling and disposal of
hazardous materials.
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Education
Educate employees and subcontractors on hazardous waste storage and disposal procedures.
Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and the
environment from hazardous wastes.
Instruct employees and subcontractors on safety procedures for common construction site
hazardous wastes.
Instruct employees and subcontractors in identification of hazardous and solid waste.
Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce hazardous waste management procedures
(incorporate into regular safety meetings).
hazardous waste management procedures and practices.
Make sure that hazardous waste is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized
disposal areas.
Warning signs should be placed in areas recently treated with chemicals.
Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible.
If a container does spill, clean up immediately.
Costs
All of the above are low cost measures.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs
in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk
level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted
rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.
Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges
occur
Hazardous waste should be regularly collected.
A foreman or construction supervisor should monitor onsite hazardous waste storage and
disposal procedures.
Waste storage areas should be kept clean, well organized, and equipped with ample cleanup
supplies as appropriate for the materials being stored.
Perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners should be repaired or
replaced as needed to maintain proper function.
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Hazardous spills should be cleaned up and reported in conformance with the applicable
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and the instructions posted at the project site.
The National Response Center, at (800) 424-8802, should be notified of spills of federal
reportable quantities in conformance with the requirements in 40 CFR parts 110, 117, and
302. Also notify the Governors Office of Emergency Services Warning Center at (916) 845-
8911.
A copy of the hazardous waste manifests should be provided.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Processes, Procedures and Methods to Control Pollution Resulting from All Construction
Activity, 430/9-73-007, USEPA, 1973.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
PA2022-0262
Contaminated Soil Management WM-7
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 5
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater
from contaminated soil and highly acidic or alkaline soils by
conducting pre-construction surveys, inspecting excavations
regularly, and remediating contaminated soil promptly.
Suitable Applications
Contaminated soil management is implemented on
construction projects in highly urbanized or industrial areas
where soil contamination may have occurred due to spills, illicit
discharges, aerial deposition, past use and leaks from
underground storage tanks.
Limitations
Contaminated soils that cannot be treated onsite must be
disposed of offsite by a licensed hazardous waste hauler. The
presence of contaminated soil may indicate contaminated water
as well. See NS-2, Dewatering Operations, for more
information.
The procedures and practices presented in this BMP are
general. The contractor should identify appropriate practices
and procedures for the specific contaminants known to exist or
discovered onsite.
Implementation
Most owners and developers conduct pre-construction
environmental assessments as a matter of routine.
Contaminated soils are often identified during project planning
and development with known locations identified in the plans,
specifications and in the SWPPP. The contractor should review
applicable reports and investigate appropriate call-outs in the
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
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plans, specifications, and SWPPP. Recent court rulings holding contractors liable for cleanup
costs when they unknowingly move contaminated soil highlight the need for contractors to
confirm a site assessment is completed before earth moving begins.
The following steps will help reduce stormwater pollution from contaminated soil:
Conduct thorough, pre-construction inspections of the site and review documents related to
the site. If inspection or reviews indicated presence of contaminated soils, develop a plan
before starting work.
Look for contaminated soil as evidenced by discoloration, odors, differences in soil
properties, abandoned underground tanks or pipes, or buried debris.
Prevent leaks and spills. Contaminated soil can be expensive to treat and dispose of
properly. However, addressing the problem before construction is much less expensive than
after the structures are in place.
The contractor may further identify contaminated soils by investigating:
- Past site uses and activities
- Detected or undetected spills and leaks
- Acid or alkaline solutions from exposed soil or rock formations high in acid or alkaline
forming elements
- Contaminated soil as evidenced by discoloration, odors, differences in soil properties,
abandoned underground tanks or pipes, or buried debris.
- Suspected soils should be tested at a certified laboratory.
Education
Have employees and subcontractors complete a safety training program which meets 29
CFR 1910.120 and 8 CCR 5192 covering the potential hazards as identified, prior to
performing any excavation work at the locations containing material classified as hazardous.
Educate employees and subcontractors in identification of contaminated soil and on
contaminated soil handling and disposal procedures.
Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce disposal procedures (incorporate into regular
safety meetings).
Handling Procedures for Material with Aerially Deposited Lead (ADL)
Materials from areas designated as containing (ADL) may, if allowed by the contract special
provisions, be excavated, transported, and used in the construction of embankments and/or
backfill.
Excavation, transportation, and placement operations should result in no visible dust.
Caution should be exercised to prevent spillage of lead containing material during transport.
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Quality should be monitored during excavation of soils contaminated with lead.
Handling Procedures for Contaminated Soils
Minimize onsite storage. Contaminated soil should be disposed of properly in accordance
with all applicable regulations. All hazardous waste storage will comply with the
requirements in Title 22, CCR, Sections 66265.250 to 66265.260.
Test suspected soils at an approved certified laboratory.
Work with the local regulatory agencies to develop options for treatment or disposal if the
soil is contaminated.
Avoid temporary stockpiling of contaminated soils or hazardous material.
Take the following precautions if temporary stockpiling is necessary:
- Cover the stockpile with plastic sheeting or tarps.
- Install a berm around the stockpile to prevent runoff from leaving the area.
- Do not stockpile in or near storm drains or watercourses.
Remove contaminated material and hazardous material on exteriors of transport vehicles
and place either into the current transport vehicle or into the excavation prior to the vehicle
leaving the exclusion zone.
Monitor the air quality continuously during excavation operations at all locations containing
hazardous material.
Procure all permits and licenses, pay all charges and fees, and give all notices necessary and
incident to the due and lawful prosecution of the work, including registration for
transporting vehicles carrying the contaminated material and the hazardous material.
Collect water from decontamination procedures and treat or dispose of it at an appropriate
disposal site.
Collect non-reusable protective equipment, once used by any personnel, and dispose of at an
appropriate disposal site.
Install temporary security fence to surround and secure the exclusion zone. Remove fencing
when no longer needed.
Excavate, transport, and dispose of contaminated material and hazardous material in
accordance with the rules and regulations of the following agencies (the specifications of
these agencies supersede the procedures outlined in this BMP):
- United States Department of Transportation (USDOT)
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
- California Environmental Protection Agency (CAL-EPA)
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- California Division of Occupation Safety and Health Administration (CAL-OSHA)
- Local regulatory agencies
Procedures for Underground Storage Tank Removals
Prior to commencing tank removal operations, obtain the required underground storage
tank removal permits and approval from the federal, state, and local agencies that have
jurisdiction over such work.
To determine if it contains hazardous substances, arrange to have tested, any liquid or
sludge found in the underground tank prior to its removal.
Following the tank removal, take soil samples beneath the excavated tank and perform
analysis as required by the local agency representative(s).
The underground storage tank, any liquid or sludge found within the tank, and all
contaminated substances and hazardous substances removed during the tank removal and
transported to disposal facilities permitted to accept such waste.
Water Control
All necessary precautions and preventive measures should be taken to prevent the flow of
water, including ground water, from mixing with hazardous substances or underground
storage tank excavations. Such preventative measures may consist of, but are not limited to,
berms, cofferdams, grout curtains, freeze walls, and seal course concrete or any combination
thereof.
If water does enter an excavation and becomes contaminated, such water, when necessary to
proceed with the work, should be discharged to clean, closed top, watertight transportable
holding tanks, treated, and disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local laws.
Costs
Prevention of leaks and spills is inexpensive. Treatment or disposal of contaminated soil can be
quite expensive.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs
in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk
level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted
rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.
supervisor to monitor onsite contaminated soil storage and disposal procedures.
Monitor air quality continuously during excavation operations at all locations containing
hazardous material.
Coordinate contaminated soils and hazardous substances/waste management with the
appropriate federal, state, and local agencies.
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Implement WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control, to prevent leaks and spills as much as
possible.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Processes, Procedures and Methods to Control Pollution Resulting from All Construction
Activity, 430/9-73-007, USEPA, 1973.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
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Concrete Waste Management WM-8
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 7
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www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Prevent the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from
concrete waste by conducting washout onsite or offsite in a
designated area, and by employee and subcontractor training.
The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL)
for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your
risk level and if you are subject to these requirements).
Many types of construction materials, including mortar,
concrete, stucco, cement and block and their associated wastes
have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside
of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when
managing these materials to prevent them from coming into
contact with stormwater flows and raising pH to levels outside
the accepted range.
Suitable Applications
Concrete waste management procedures and practices are
implemented on construction projects where:
Concrete is used as a construction material or where
concrete dust and debris result from demolition activities.
Slurries containing Portland cement concrete (PCC) are
generated, such as from saw cutting, coring, grinding,
grooving, and hydro-concrete demolition.
Concrete trucks and other concrete-coated equipment are
washed onsite.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
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Mortar-mixing stations exist.
Stucco mixing and spraying.
See also NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning.
Limitations
Offsite washout of concrete wastes may not always be possible.
Multiple washouts may be needed to assure adequate capacity and to allow for evaporation.
Implementation
The following steps will help reduce stormwater pollution from concrete wastes:
Incorporate requirements for concrete waste management into material supplier and
subcontractor agreements.
Store dry and wet materials under cover, away from drainage areas. Refer to WM-1, Material
Delivery and Storage for more information.
Avoid mixing excess amounts of concrete.
Perform washout of concrete trucks in designated areas only, where washout will not reach
stormwater.
Do not wash out concrete trucks into storm drains, open ditches, streets, streams or onto the
ground. Trucks should always be washed out into designated facilities.
Do not allow excess concrete to be dumped onsite, except in designated areas.
For onsite washout:
- On larger sites, it is recommended to locate washout areas at least 50 feet from storm
drains, open ditches, or water bodies. Do not allow runoff from this area by constructing
a temporary pit or bermed area large enough for liquid and solid waste.
- Washout wastes into the temporary washout where the concrete can set, be broken up,
and then disposed properly.
- Washouts shall be implemented in a manner that prevents leaching to underlying soils.
Washout containers must be water tight and washouts on or in the ground must be lined
with a suitable impervious liner, typically a plastic type material.
Do not wash sweepings from exposed aggregate concrete into the street or storm drain.
Collect and return sweepings to aggregate base stockpile or dispose in the trash.
See typical concrete washout installation details at the end of this fact sheet.
Education
Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on the concrete waste management
techniques described herein.
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enforce concrete
waste management procedures.
Discuss the concrete management techniques described in this BMP (such as handling of
concrete waste and washout) with the ready-mix concrete supplier before any deliveries are
made.
Concrete Demolition Wastes
Stockpile concrete demolition waste in accordance with BMP WM-3, Stockpile Management.
Dispose of or recycle hardened concrete waste in accordance with applicable federal, state or
local regulations.
Concrete Slurry Wastes
PCC and AC waste should not be allowed to enter storm drains or watercourses.
PCC and AC waste should be collected and disposed of or placed in a temporary concrete
washout facility (as described in Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Concrete
Transit Truck Washout Procedures, below).
A foreman or construction supervisor should monitor onsite concrete working tasks, such as
saw cutting, coring, grinding and grooving to ensure proper methods are implemented.
Saw-cut concrete slurry should not be allowed to enter storm drains or watercourses.
Residue from grinding operations should be picked up by means of a vacuum attachment to
the grinding machine or by sweeping. Saw cutting residue should not be allowed to flow
across the pavement and should not be left on the surface of the pavement. See also NS-3,
Paving and Grinding Operations; and WM-10, Liquid Waste Management.
Concrete slurry residue should be disposed in a temporary washout facility (as described in
Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Concrete Transit Truck Washout Procedures,
below) and allowed to dry. Dispose of dry slurry residue in accordance with WM-5, Solid
Waste Management.
Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Transit Truck Washout
Procedures
Temporary concrete washout facilities should be located a minimum of 50 ft from storm
drain inlets, open drainage facilities, and watercourses. Each facility should be located away
from construction traffic or access areas to prevent disturbance or tracking.
A sign should be installed adjacent to each washout facility to inform concrete equipment
operators to utilize the proper facilities.
Temporary concrete washout facilities should be constructed above grade or below grade at
the option of the contractor. Temporary concrete washout facilities should be constructed
and maintained in sufficient quantity and size to contain all liquid and concrete waste
generated by washout operations.
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Temporary washout facilities should have a temporary pit or bermed areas of sufficient
volume to completely contain all liquid and waste concrete materials generated during
washout procedures.
Temporary washout facilities should be lined to prevent discharge to the underlying ground
or surrounding area.
Washout of concrete trucks should be performed in designated areas only.
Only concrete from mixer truck chutes should be washed into concrete wash out.
Concrete washout from concrete pumper bins can be washed into concrete pumper trucks
and discharged into designated washout area or properly disposed of or recycled offsite.
Once concrete wastes are washed into the designated area and allowed to harden, the
concrete should be broken up, removed, and disposed of per WM-5, Solid Waste
Management. Dispose of or recycle hardened concrete on a regular basis.
Temporary Concrete Washout Facility (Type Above Grade)
- Temporary concrete washout facility (type above grade) should be constructed as shown
on the details at the end of this BMP, with a recommended minimum length and
minimum width of 10 ft; however, smaller sites or jobs may only need a smaller washout
facility. With any washout, always maintain a sufficient quantity and volume to contain
all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations.
- Materials used to construct the washout area should conform to the provisions detailed
in their respective BMPs (e.g., SE-8 Sandbag Barrier).
- Plastic lining material should be a minimum of 10 mil in polyethylene sheeting and
should be free of holes, tears, or other defects that compromise the impermeability of the
material.
- Alternatively, portable removable containers can be used as above grade concrete
washouts. Also called a -off ility should be properly
sealed to prevent leakage and should be removed from the site and replaced when the
container reaches 75% capacity.
Temporary Concrete Washout Facility (Type Below Grade)
- Temporary concrete washout facilities (type below grade) should be constructed as
shown on the details at the end of this BMP, with a recommended minimum length and
minimum width of 10 ft. The quantity and volume should be sufficient to contain all
liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations.
- Lath and flagging should be commercial type.
- Plastic lining material should be a minimum of 10 mil polyethylene sheeting and should
be free of holes, tears, or other defects that compromise the impermeability of the
material.
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- The base of a washout facility should be free of rock or debris that may damage a plastic
liner.
Removal of Temporary Concrete Washout Facilities
When temporary concrete washout facilities are no longer required for the work, the
hardened concrete should be removed and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with
federal, state or local regulations. Materials used to construct temporary concrete washout
facilities should be removed from the site of the work and properly disposed or recycled in
accordance with federal, state or local regulations.
Holes, depressions or other ground disturbance caused by the removal of the temporary
concrete washout facilities should be backfilled and repaired.
Costs
All of the above are low cost measures. Roll-0ff concrete washout facilities can be more costly
than other measures due to removal and replacement; however, provide a cleaner alternative to
traditional washouts. The type of washout facility, size, and availability of materials will
determine the cost of the washout.
Inspection and Maintenance
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Temporary concrete washout facilities should be maintained to provide adequate holding
capacity with a minimum freeboard of 4 in. for above grade facilities and 12 in. for below
grade facilities. Maintaining temporary concrete washout facilities should include removing
and disposing of hardened concrete and returning the facilities to a functional condition.
Hardened concrete materials should be removed and properly disposed or recycled in
accordance with federal, state or local regulations.
Washout facilities must be cleaned, or new facilities must be constructed and ready for use
once the washout is 75% full.
Inspect washout facilities for damage (e.g. torn liner, evidence of leaks, signage, etc.). Repair
all identified damage.
References
Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from
Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program,
1995.
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000, Updated March
2003.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
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Description and Purpose
Proper sanitary and septic waste management prevent the
discharge of pollutants to stormwater from sanitary and septic
waste by providing convenient, well-maintained facilities, and
arranging for regular service and disposal.
Suitable Applications
Sanitary septic waste management practices are suitable for use
at all construction sites that use temporary or portable sanitary
and septic waste systems.
Limitations
None identified.
Implementation
Sanitary or septic wastes should be treated or disposed of in
accordance with state and local requirements. In many cases,
one contract with a local facility supplier will be all that it takes
to make sure sanitary wastes are properly disposed.
Storage and Disposal Procedures
Temporary sanitary facilities should be located away from
drainage facilities, watercourses, and from traffic
circulation. If site conditions allow, place portable facilities
a minimum of 50 feet from drainage conveyances and
traffic areas. When subjected to high winds or risk of high
winds, temporary sanitary facilities should be secured to
prevent overturning.
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Category
Secondary Category
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Sanitary/Septic Waste Management WM-9
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 3
Construction
www.casqa.org
Temporary sanitary facilities must be equipped with containment to prevent discharge of
pollutants to the stormwater drainage system of the receiving water.
Consider safety as well as environmental implications before placing temporary sanitary
facilities.
Wastewater should not be discharged or buried within the project site.
Sanitary and septic systems that discharge directly into sanitary sewer systems, where
permissible, should comply with the local health agency, city, county, and sewer district
requirements.
Only reputable, licensed sanitary and septic waste haulers should be used.
Sanitary facilities should be located in a convenient location.
Temporary septic systems should treat wastes to appropriate levels before discharging.
If using an onsite disposal system (OSDS), such as a septic system, local health agency
requirements must be followed.
Temporary sanitary facilities that discharge to the sanitary sewer system should be properly
connected to avoid illicit discharges.
Sanitary and septic facilities should be maintained in good working order by a licensed
service.
Regular waste collection by a licensed hauler should be arranged before facilities overflow.
If a spill does occur from a temporary sanitary facility, follow federal, state and local
regulations for containment and clean-up.
Education
Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on sanitary and septic waste storage and
disposal procedures.
Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers of potential dangers to humans and the
environment from sanitary and septic wastes.
Instruct employees, subcontractors, and suppliers in identification of sanitary and septic
waste.
Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce the use of sanitary facilities (incorporate into
regular safety meetings).
Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees.
Costs
All of the above are low cost measures.
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Inspection and Maintenance
BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
conclusion of rain events.
Arrange for regular waste collection.
If high winds are expected, portable sanitary facilities must be secured with spikes or
weighed down to prevent over turning.
If spills or leaks from sanitary or septic facilities occur that are not contained and discharge
from the site, non-visible sampling of site discharge may be required. Refer to the General
Permit or to your project specific Construction Site Monitoring Plan to determine if and
where sampling is required.
References
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans
and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992.
PA2022-0262
Liquid Waste Management WM-10
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 1 of 4
Construction
www.casqa.org
Description and Purpose
Liquid waste management includes procedures and practices to
prevent discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system or to
watercourses as a result of the creation, collection, and disposal
of non-hazardous liquid wastes.
Suitable Applications
Liquid waste management is applicable to construction projects
that generate any of the following non-hazardous by-products,
residuals, or wastes:
Drilling slurries and drilling fluids
Grease-free and oil-free wastewater and rinse water
Dredgings
Other non-stormwater liquid discharges not permitted by
separate permits
Limitations
Disposal of some liquid wastes may be subject to specific
laws and regulations or to requirements of other permits
secured for the construction project (e.g., NPDES permits,
Army Corps permits, Coastal Commission permits, etc.).
Liquid waste management does not apply to dewatering
operations (NS-2 Dewatering Operations), solid waste
management (WM-5, Solid Waste Management), hazardous
wastes (WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management), or
Categories
EC Erosion Control
SE Sediment Control
TC Tracking Control
WE Wind Erosion Control
NS Non-Stormwater
Management Control
WM Waste Management and
Materials Pollution Control
Legend:
Primary Objective
Secondary Objective
Targeted Constituents
Sediment
Nutrients
Trash
Metals
Bacteria
Oil and Grease
Organics
Potential Alternatives
None
If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
sheet in any way, the CASQA
name/logo and footer below must be
removed from each page and not
appear on the modified version.
PA2022-0262
Liquid Waste Management WM-10
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 2 of 4
Construction
www.casqa.org
concrete slurry residue (WM-8, Concrete Waste Management).
Typical permitted non-stormwater discharges can include: water line flushing; landscape
irrigation; diverted stream flows; rising ground waters; uncontaminated pumped ground
water; discharges from potable water sources; foundation drains; irrigation water; springs;
water from crawl space pumps; footing drains; lawn watering; flows from riparian habitats
and wetlands; and discharges or flows from emergency fire fighting activities.
Implementation
General Practices
Instruct employees and subcontractors how to safely differentiate between non-hazardous
liquid waste and potential or known hazardous liquid waste.
Instruct employees, subcontractors, and suppliers that it is unacceptable for any liquid waste
to enter any storm drainage device, waterway, or receiving water.
Educate employees and subcontractors on liquid waste generating activities and liquid waste
storage and disposal procedures.
Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce disposal procedures (incorporate into regular
safety meetings).
Verify which non-stormwater discharges are permitted by the statewide NPDES permit;
different regions might have different requirements not outlined in this permit.
Apply NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning for managing wash water and rinse water
from vehicle and equipment cleaning operations.
Containing Liquid Wastes
Drilling residue and drilling fluids should not be allowed to enter storm drains and
watercourses and should be disposed of.
If an appropriate location is available, drilling residue and drilling fluids that are exempt
under Title 23, CCR § 2511(g) may be dried by infiltration and evaporation in a containment
facility constructed in conformance with the provisions concerning the Temporary Concrete
Washout Facilities detailed in WM-8, Concrete Waste Management.
Liquid wastes generated as part of an operational procedure, such as water-laden dredged
material and drilling mud, should be contained and not allowed to flow into drainage
channels or receiving waters prior to treatment.
Liquid wastes should be contained in a controlled area such as a holding pit, sediment basin,
roll-off bin, or portable tank.
Containment devices must be structurally sound and leak free.
Containment devices must be of sufficient quantity or volume to completely contain the
liquid wastes generated.
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Precautions should be taken to avoid spills or accidental releases of contained liquid wastes.
Apply the education measures and spill response procedures outlined in WM-4, Spill
Prevention and Control.
Containment areas or devices should not be located where accidental release of the
contained liquid can threaten health or safety or discharge to water bodies, channels, or
storm drains.
Capturing Liquid Wastes
Capture all liquid wastes that have the potential to affect the storm drainage system (such as
wash water and rinse water from cleaning walls or pavement), before they run off a surface.
Do not allow liquid wastes to flow or discharge uncontrolled. Use temporary dikes or berms
to intercept flows and direct them to a containment area or device for capture.
Use a sediment trap (SE-3, Sediment Trap) for capturing and treating sediment laden liquid
waste or capture in a containment device and allow sediment to settle.
Disposing of Liquid Wastes
A typical method to handle liquid waste is to dewater the contained liquid waste, using
procedures such as described in NS-2, Dewatering Operations, and SE-2, Sediment Basin,
and dispose of resulting solids per WM-5, Solid Waste Management.
Methods of disposal for some liquid wastes may be prescribed in Water Quality Reports,
NPDES permits, Environmental Impact Reports, 401 or 404 permits, and local agency
discharge permits, etc. Review the SWPPP to see if disposal methods are identified.
Liquid wastes, such as from dredged material, may require testing and certification whether
it is hazardous or not before a disposal method can be determined.
For disposal of hazardous waste, see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management.
If necessary, further treat liquid wastes prior to disposal. Treatment may include, though is
not limited to, sedimentation, filtration, and chemical neutralization.
Costs
Prevention costs for liquid waste management are minimal. Costs increase if cleanup or fines
are involved.
Inspection and Maintenance
Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of
associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly
during the rainy season and of two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify
continued BMP implementation.
Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges
occur.
PA2022-0262
Liquid Waste Management WM-10
December 2019 CASQA BMP Handbook 4 of 4
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Remove deposited solids in containment areas and capturing devices as needed and at the
completion of the task. Dispose of any solids as described in WM-5, Solid Waste
Management.
Inspect containment areas and capturing devices and repair as needed.
References
Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000.
PA2022-0262
Edgewater Avenue CPPP October 2022
Appendix I: Construction General Permit
PA2022-0262
ATTACHMENT C
ATTACHMENT C
RISK LEVEL 1 REQUIREMENTS
A. Effluent Standards
[These requirements are the same as those in the General Permit order.]
1. Narrative – Risk Level 1 dischargers shall comply with the narrative
effluent standards listed below:
a. Storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water
discharges regulated by this General Permit shall not contain a
hazardous substance equal to or in excess of reportable quantities
established in 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4, unless a separate
NPDES Permit has been issued to regulate those discharges.
b. Dischargers shall minimize or prevent pollutants in storm water
discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges through the
use of controls, structures, and management practices that achieve
BAT for toxic and non-conventional pollutants and BCT for
conventional pollutants.
2. Numeric – Risk Level 1 dischargers are not subject to a numeric
effluent standard.
B. Good Site Management "Housekeeping"
1. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall implement good site management (i.e.,
"housekeeping") measures for construction materials that could
potentially be a threat to water quality if discharged. At a minimum,
Risk Level 1 dischargers shall implement the following good
housekeeping measures:
a. Conduct an inventory of the products used and/or expected to be
used and the end products that are produced and/or expected to be
produced. This does not include materials and equipment that are
designed to be outdoors and exposed to environmental conditions
(i.e. poles, equipment pads, cabinets, conductors, insulators,
bricks, etc.).
b. Cover and berm loose stockpiled construction materials that are not
actively being used (i.e. soil, spoils, aggregate, fly-ash, stucco,
hydrated lime, etc.).
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c. Store chemicals in watertight containers (with appropriate
secondary containment to prevent any spillage or leakage) or in a
storage shed (completely enclosed).
d. Minimize exposure of construction materials to precipitation. This
does not include materials and equipment that are designed to be
outdoors and exposed to environmental conditions (i.e. poles,
equipment pads, cabinets, conductors, insulators, bricks, etc.).
e. Implement BMPs to prevent the off-site tracking of loose
construction and landscape materials.
2. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall implement good housekeeping
measures for waste management, which, at a minimum, shall consist
of the following:
a. Prevent disposal of any rinse or wash waters or materials on
impervious or pervious site surfaces or into the storm drain system.
b. Ensure the containment of sanitation facilities (e.g., portable toilets)
to prevent discharges of pollutants to the storm water drainage
system or receiving water.
c. Clean or replace sanitation facilities and inspecting them regularly
for leaks and spills.
d. Cover waste disposal containers at the end of every business day
and during a rain event.
e. Prevent discharges from waste disposal containers to the storm
water drainage system or receiving water.
f. Contain and securely protect stockpiled waste material from wind
and rain at all times unless actively being used.
g. Implement procedures that effectively address hazardous and non-
hazardous spills.
h. Develop a spill response and implementation element of the
SWPPP prior to commencement of construction activities. The
SWPPP shall require that:
i. Equipment and materials for cleanup of spills shall be available
on site and that spills and leaks shall be cleaned up immediately
and disposed of properly; and
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ii. Appropriate spill response personnel are assigned and trained.
i. Ensure the containment of concrete washout areas and other
washout areas that may contain additional pollutants so there is no
discharge into the underlying soil and onto the surrounding areas.
3. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall implement good housekeeping for
vehicle storage and maintenance, which, at a minimum, shall consist of
the following:
a. Prevent oil, grease, or fuel to leak in to the ground, storm drains or
surface waters.
b. Place all equipment or vehicles, which are to be fueled, maintained
and stored in a designated area fitted with appropriate BMPs.
c. Clean leaks immediately and disposing of leaked materials
properly.
4. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall implement good housekeeping for
landscape materials, which, at a minimum, shall consist of the
following:
a. Contain stockpiled materials such as mulches and topsoil when
they are not actively being used.
b. Contain fertilizers and other landscape materials when they are not
actively being used.
c. Discontinue the application of any erodible landscape material
within 2 days before a forecasted rain event or during periods of
precipitation.
d. Apply erodible landscape material at quantities and application
rates according to manufacture recommendations or based on
written specifications by knowledgeable and experienced field
personnel.
e. Stack erodible landscape material on pallets and covering or
storing such materials when not being used or applied.
5. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall conduct an assessment and create a list
of potential pollutant sources and identify any areas of the site where
additional BMPs are necessary to reduce or prevent pollutants in storm
water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges. This
potential pollutant list shall be kept with the SWPPP and shall identify
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all non-visible pollutants which are known, or should be known, to
occur on the construction site. At a minimum, when developing BMPs,
Risk Level 1 dischargers shall do the following:
a. Consider the quantity, physical characteristics (e.g., liquid, powder,
solid), and locations of each potential pollutant source handled,
produced, stored, recycled, or disposed of at the site.
b. Consider the degree to which pollutants associated with those
materials may be exposed to and mobilized by contact with storm
water.
c. Consider the direct and indirect pathways that pollutants may be
exposed to storm water or authorized non-storm water discharges.
This shall include an assessment of past spills or leaks, non-storm
water discharges, and discharges from adjoining areas.
d. Ensure retention of sampling, visual observation, and inspection
records.
e. Ensure effectiveness of existing BMPs to reduce or prevent
pollutants in storm water discharges and authorized non-storm
water discharges.
6. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall implement good housekeeping
measures on the construction site to control the air deposition of site
materials and from site operations. Such particulates can include, but
are not limited to, sediment, nutrients, trash, metals, bacteria, oil and
grease and organics.
C. Non-Storm Water Management
1. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall implement measures to control all non-
storm water discharges during construction.
2. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall wash vehicles in such a manner as to
prevent non-storm water discharges to surface waters or MS4
drainage systems.
3. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall clean streets in such a manner as to
prevent unauthorized non-storm water discharges from reaching
surface water or MS4 drainage systems.
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D. Erosion Control
1. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall implement effective wind erosion
control.
2. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall provide effective soil cover for inactive1
areas and all finished slopes, open space, utility backfill, and
completed lots.
3. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall limit the use of plastic materials when
more sustainable, environmentally friendly alternatives exist. Where
plastic materials are deemed necessary, the discharger shall consider
the use of plastic materials resistant to solar degradation.
E. Sediment Controls
1. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall establish and maintain effective
perimeter controls and stabilize all construction entrances and exits to
sufficiently control erosion and sediment discharges from the site.
2. On sites where sediment basins are to be used, Risk Level 1
dischargers shall, at minimum, design sediment basins according to
the method provided in CASQA’s Construction BMP Guidance
Handbook.
F. Run-on and Runoff Controls
Risk Level 1 dischargers shall effectively manage all run-on, all runoff
within the site and all runoff that discharges off the site. Run-on from off
site shall be directed away from all disturbed areas or shall collectively be
in compliance with the effluent limitations in this General Permit.
G. Inspection, Maintenance and Repair
1. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall ensure that all inspection, maintenance
repair and sampling activities at the project location shall be performed
or supervised by a Qualified SWPPP Practitioner (QSP) representing
the discharger. The QSP may delegate any or all of these activities to
an employee trained to do the task(s) appropriately, but shall ensure
adequate deployment.
2. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall perform weekly inspections and
observations, and at least once each 24-hour period during extended
1 Inactive areas of construction are areas of construction activity that have been disturbed and are not
scheduled to be re-disturbed for at least 14 days.
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storm events, to identify and record BMPs that need maintenance to
operate effectively, that have failed, or that could fail to operate as
intended. Inspectors shall be the QSP or be trained by the QSP.
3. Upon identifying failures or other shortcomings, as directed by the
QSP, Risk Level 1 dischargers shall begin implementing repairs or
design changes to BMPs within 72 hours of identification and complete
the changes as soon as possible.
4. For each inspection required, Risk Level 1 dischargers shall complete
an inspection checklist, using a form provided by the State Water
Board or Regional Water Board or in an alternative format.
5. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall ensure that checklists shall remain
onsite with the SWPPP and at a minimum, shall include:
a. Inspection date and date the inspection report was written.
b. Weather information, including presence or absence of
precipitation, estimate of beginning of qualifying storm event,
duration of event, time elapsed since last storm, and approximate
amount of rainfall in inches.
c. Site information, including stage of construction, activities
completed, and approximate area of the site exposed.
d. A description of any BMPs evaluated and any deficiencies noted.
e. If the construction site is safely accessible during inclement
weather, list the observations of all BMPs: erosion controls,
sediment controls, chemical and waste controls, and non-storm
water controls. Otherwise, list the results of visual inspections at all
relevant outfalls, discharge points, downstream locations and any
projected maintenance activities.
f. Report the presence of noticeable odors or of any visible sheen on
the surface of any discharges.
g. Any corrective actions required, including any necessary changes
to the SWPPP and the associated implementation dates.
h. Photographs taken during the inspection, if any.
i. Inspector’s name, title, and signature.
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H. Rain Event Action Plan
Not required for Risk Level 1 dischargers.
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I. Risk Level 1 Monitoring and Reporting Requirements
Table 1- Summary of Monitoring Requirements
Visual Inspections Sample Collection
Pre-storm
Event Risk
Level
Quarterly
Non-
storm
Water
Discharge
Baseline REAP
Daily
Storm
BMP
Post
Storm
Storm
Water
Discharge
Receiving
Water
1 X X X X
1. Construction Site Monitoring Program Requirements
a. Pursuant to Water Code Sections 13383 and 13267, all dischargers
subject to this General Permit shall develop and implement a
written site-specific Construction Site Monitoring Program (CSMP)
in accordance with the requirements of this Section. The CSMP
shall include all monitoring procedures and instructions, location
maps, forms, and checklists as required in this section. The CSMP
shall be developed prior to the commencement of construction
activities, and revised as necessary to reflect project revisions. The
CSMP shall be a part of the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan
(SWPPP), included as an appendix or separate SWPPP chapter.
b. Existing dischargers registered under the State Water Board Order
No. 99-08-DWQ shall make and implement necessary revisions to
their Monitoring Programs to reflect the changes in this General
Permit in a timely manner, but no later than July 1, 2010. Existing
dischargers shall continue to implement their existing Monitoring
Programs in compliance with State Water Board Order No. 99-08-
DWQ until the necessary revisions are completed according to the
schedule above.
c. When a change of ownership occurs for all or any portion of the
construction site prior to completion or final stabilization, the new
discharger shall comply with these requirements as of the date the
ownership change occurs.
2. Objectives
The CSMP shall be developed and implemented to address the
following objectives:
a. To demonstrate that the site is in compliance with the Discharge
Prohibitions;
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b. To determine whether non-visible pollutants are present at the
construction site and are causing or contributing to exceedances of
water quality objectives;
c. To determine whether immediate corrective actions, additional Best
Management Practice (BMP) implementation, or SWPPP revisions
are necessary to reduce pollutants in storm water discharges and
authorized non-storm water discharges; and
d. To determine whether BMPs included in the SWPPP are effective
in preventing or reducing pollutants in storm water discharges and
authorized non-storm water discharges.
3. Risk Level 1 - Visual Monitoring (Inspection) Requirements for
Qualifying Rain Events
a. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall visually observe (inspect) storm
water discharges at all discharge locations within two business
days (48 hours) after each qualifying rain event.
b. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall visually observe (inspect) the
discharge of stored or contained storm water that is derived from
and discharged subsequent to a qualifying rain event producing
precipitation of ½ inch or more at the time of discharge. Stored or
contained storm water that will likely discharge after operating
hours due to anticipated precipitation shall be observed prior to the
discharge during operating hours.
c. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall conduct visual observations
(inspections) during business hours only.
d. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall record the time, date and rain gauge
reading of all qualifying rain events.
e. Within 2 business days (48 hours) prior to each qualifying rain
event, Risk Level 1 dischargers shall visually observe (inspect):
i. All storm water drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or
uncontrolled pollutant sources. If needed, the discharger shall
implement appropriate corrective actions.
ii. All BMPs to identify whether they have been properly
implemented in accordance with the SWPPP. If needed, the
discharger shall implement appropriate corrective actions.
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iii. Any storm water storage and containment areas to detect leaks
and ensure maintenance of adequate freeboard.
f. For the visual observations (inspections) described in e.i and e.iii
above, Risk Level 1 dischargers shall observe the presence or
absence of floating and suspended materials, a sheen on the
surface, discolorations, turbidity, odors, and source(s) of any
observed pollutants.
g. Within two business days (48 hours) after each qualifying rain
event, Risk Level 1 dischargers shall conduct post rain event visual
observations (inspections) to (1) identify whether BMPs were
adequately designed, implemented, and effective, and (2) identify
additional BMPs and revise the SWPPP accordingly.
h. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall maintain on-site records of all visual
observations (inspections), personnel performing the observations,
observation dates, weather conditions, locations observed, and
corrective actions taken in response to the observations.
4. Risk Level 1 – Visual Observation Exemptions
a. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall be prepared to conduct visual
observation (inspections) until the minimum requirements of
Section I.3 above are completed. Risk Level 1 dischargers are not
required to conduct visual observation (inspections) under the
following conditions:
i. During dangerous weather conditions such as flooding and
electrical storms.
ii. Outside of scheduled site business hours.
b. If no required visual observations (inspections) are collected due to
these exceptions, Risk Level 1 dischargers shall include an
explanation in their SWPPP and in the Annual Report documenting
why the visual observations (inspections) were not conducted.
5. Risk Level 1 – Monitoring Methods
Risk Level 1 dischargers shall include a description of the visual
observation locations, visual observation procedures, and visual
observation follow-up and tracking procedures in the CSMP.
6. Risk Level 1 – Non-Storm Water Discharge Monitoring
Requirements
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a. Visual Monitoring Requirements:
i. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall visually observe (inspect) each
drainage area for the presence of (or indications of prior)
unauthorized and authorized non-storm water discharges and
their sources.
ii. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall conduct one visual observation
(inspection) quarterly in each of the following periods: January-
March, April-June, July-September, and October-December.
Visual observation (inspections) are only required during
daylight hours (sunrise to sunset).
iii. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall ensure that visual observations
(inspections) document the presence or evidence of any non-
storm water discharge (authorized or unauthorized), pollutant
characteristics (floating and suspended material, sheen,
discoloration, turbidity, odor, etc.), and source. Risk Level 1
dischargers shall maintain on-site records indicating the
personnel performing the visual observation (inspections), the
dates and approximate time each drainage area and non-storm
water discharge was observed, and the response taken to
eliminate unauthorized non-storm water discharges and to
reduce or prevent pollutants from contacting non-storm water
discharges.
7. Risk Level 1 – Non-Visible Pollutant Monitoring Requirements
a. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall collect one or more samples during
any breach, malfunction, leakage, or spill observed during a visual
inspection which could result in the discharge of pollutants to
surface waters that would not be visually detectable in storm water.
b. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall ensure that water samples are large
enough to characterize the site conditions.
c. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall collect samples at all discharge
locations that can be safely accessed.
d. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall collect samples during the first two
hours of discharge from rain events that occur during business
hours and which generate runoff.
e. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall analyze samples for all non-visible
pollutant parameters (if applicable) - parameters indicating the
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presence of pollutants identified in the pollutant source assessment
required (Risk Level 1 dischargers shall modify their CSMPs to
address these additional parameters in accordance with any
updated SWPPP pollutant source assessment).
f. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall collect a sample of storm water that
has not come in contact with the disturbed soil or the materials
stored or used on-site (uncontaminated sample) for comparison
with the discharge sample.
g. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall compare the uncontaminated sample
to the samples of discharge using field analysis or through
laboratory analysis.2
h. Risk Level 1 dischargers shall keep all field /or analytical data in the
SWPPP document.
8. Risk Level 1 – Particle Size Analysis for Project Risk Justification
Risk Level 1 dischargers justifying an alternative project risk shall
report a soil particle size analysis used to determine the RUSLE K-
Factor. ASTM D-422 (Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis
of Soils), as revised, shall be used to determine the percentages of
sand, very fine sand, silt, and clay on the site.
9. Risk Level 1 – Records
Risk Level 1 dischargers shall retain records of all storm water
monitoring information and copies of all reports (including Annual
Reports) for a period of at least three years. Risk Level 1 dischargers
shall retain all records on-site while construction is ongoing. These
records include:
a. The date, place, time of facility inspections, sampling, visual
observation (inspections), and/or measurements, including
precipitation.
b. The individual(s) who performed the facility inspections, sampling,
visual observation (inspections), and or measurements.
c. The date and approximate time of analyses.
d. The individual(s) who performed the analyses.
2 For laboratory analysis, all sampling, sample preservation, and analyses must be conducted according to
test procedures under 40 CFR Part 136. Field discharge samples shall be collected and analyzed according
to the specifications of the manufacturer of the sampling devices employed.
2009-0009-DWQ as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ September 2, 2009 as modified on November 16, 2010
12
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ATTACHMENT C
2009-0009-DWQ as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ September 2, 2009 as modified on November 16, 2010
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e. A summary of all analytical results from the last three years, the
method detection limits and reporting units, and the analytical
techniques or methods used.
f. Rain gauge readings from site inspections.
g. Quality assurance/quality control records and results.
h. Non-storm water discharge inspections and visual observation
(inspections) and storm water discharge visual observation records
(see Sections I.3 and I.6 above).
i. Visual observation and sample collection exception records (see
Section I.4 above).
j. The records of any corrective actions and follow-up activities that
resulted from analytical results, visual observation (inspections), or
inspections.
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