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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS*NEW FILE* OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS Parking Requirements for Shopping Centers: Summary Recommendations A Study Conducted Under the Direction of ULI-the Urban Land Institute by Wilbur Smith and Associates, Inc., and Sponsored by the International Council of Shopping Centers ULI Staff for Parking Requirements for Shopping Centers Senior Director, Publications Frank H. Spink, Jr. Editor Nancy H. Stewart Staff Vice President, Operations Robert L. Helms Production Assistant Regina P. Agricola Art Director Jeffrey Hughes Art Assistant Betsy VanBuskirk Recommended bibliographic listing: Urban Land Institute, Parking Requirements for Shopping Centers: Summary Recommendations. Washington: Urban Land Institute, 1981. ULI Catalog Number P32 Second Printing (Revised) 1982 ^s 1981 by ULI—the Urban Land Institute 1090 Vermont Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 This report, Summary Recommendations, is also published by the Ur- ban Land Institute as a part of Parking Requirements for Shopping Centers: Summary Recommendations and Research Study Report, ULI Catalog Number P33. International Standard Book Number 0-87420.604-9 Printed in the United States of America About ULI the Urban Land Institute ULI—the Urban Land Institute is an independent, nonprofit research and educational organization incorporated in 1936 to improve the quality and standards of land use and develop- ment. The Institute is committed to conducting practical research in the various fields of real estate knowledge; identifying and interpreting land use trends in relation to the changing eco- nomic, social, and civic needs of the people; and disseminat- ing pertinent information leading to the orderly and more efficient use and development of land. ULI receives its financial support from membership dues, sale of publications, and contributions for research and panel services. Ronald R. Rumbaugh Executive Vice President About the International Council of Shopping Centers The International Council of Shopping Centers (ICSC) is the trade association of the shopping center industry. It is dedi- cated to advancing professional standards of performance in the development, construction, financing, leasing, manage- ment, marketing, and operating of shopping centers through- out the world. It also represents the industry on legislative and regulatory issues. ICSC offers a broad range of business and professional aids to persons in the shopping center industry. These include ed- ucational courses, professional certification programs, meet- ings and conferences, research, information exchange, and publications. ICSC is a nonprofit membership association. Albert Sussman Executive Vice President 01 Study Organization Study Director Frank H. Spink, Jr. Senior Director, Publications ULhthe Urban Land Institute ICSC Coordinator Howard 1. Kalkstein Research Director International Council of Shopping Centers Study Consultants Wilbur Smith and Associates, Inc. E. M. Whitlock, P.E. Senior Executive Vice President Peter B. Mandle Project Director Victor J. Maslanka Project Analyst Grant A. Bacchus, Ltd. Consultant for Canada IV Advisory Committee Roy P. Drachman Committee Chairman Partner Roy P. Drachman Realty Company Tucson, Arizona Richard C. Biagi Corporate Vice President, Real Estate Lucky Stores, Inc. Dublin, California Richard D. Bronson Partner The Bronson Hutensky Companies Bloomfield, Connecticut James W.Burton President Columbia Commonwealth Developments Toronto, Ontario Frank J. Comber Director, Development Services Homart Development Company Chicago, Illinois Paul Copaken Partner Copaken, White & Blitt Leawood, Kansas Morris K. Englander Vice President, Real Estate GCC Theatres, Inc. Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts Ronald E. Hahn, CSM President Ernest W. Hahn, Inc. El Segundo, California Harold R. Imus President Development Control Corporation Northfield, Illinois James E. Kelley President J. E. Kelley Company, Ltd. Toronto, Ontario Michael F. Kelly President The Center Companies Minneapolis, Minnesota George Lawtey Vice President, Shopping Centers Group The Cadillac Fairview Corporation Limited Willowdale, Ontario Ken Leonard Vice President Federated Stores Realty, Inc. Cincinnati, Ohio Jerome F. Lipp President of Properties Carter Hawley Hale Stores, Inc. Los Angeles, California Jerome S. McDermott Senior Vice President Director, Operating Properties Division The Rouse Company Columbia, Maryland Harry Newman, Jr. Chairman of the Board Newman Brettin Properties Long Beach, California Jack H. Pearlstone, Jr. Chairman Delta Properties, Inc. Baltimore, Maryland John D. Smith, CSM President John D. Smith Developments, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia E. D. Wulfe, CSM Executive Vice President Henry S. Miller Company Realtors Houston, Texas James O. York President R. H. Macy Properties Division of R. H. Macy & Co., Inc. New York, New York N Acknowledgments In a comprehensive study of this scope, the key element re- quired is the willing participation of shopping centers. The study had to be conducted during the busiest retail season — from Thanksgiving to Christmas —in order to obtain meaning- ful data. During this period, shopping centers have many other issues far more pressing than assisting in a study. Shop- lifting, security, lost children, snow removal in some areas, housekeeping, and special events are all problems demanding attention. A special expression of gratitude for their coopera- tion is due the managements of the centers who found the time to fill out questionnaires, to acquire or reallocate and train personnel to collect parking accumulation data, and, in the case of 15 of the centers, who allowed their centers to be the focus of in-depth case studies involving on -site visits of the study's consultants. Without these contributory efforts, this study could not have been done. A Contents Summary Recommendations Foreword Key Recommendations Overall Parking Indices individual Tenant Requirements Method of Travel Employee Parking Requirements Automobile Size Impact of Standards Objectives of the Study Study Methodology User Characteristics Center Characteristics Variables Related to Parking Demand Variables Unrelated to Parking Demand Existing Parking Supply Design Hour Determination Highway Design Annual Parking Demand Implications of Selected Design Hour Recommended Study Analysis Process Parking Indices 14 Independent Variables Unrelated or Discrete Variables Uses Given Special Related or Continuous variables Consideration 16 Factors Not Included in Model 1 Offices 16 Linear Versus Curvilinear 2 Cinemas 17 Regression Functions 2 Food Services 17 Case Studies Areas of Special Colony Shopping Center 2 Evaluation 19 Wilde Lake Village Green 4 Raintree Shopping Centre Method of Travel to Center 19 Brookvale Shopping Center 4 Adjustments for Employee University Plaza 4 Parking 19 Shopping Center 4 Implications of the Amherst Centre Compact Car 20 Midlothian Mail 5 Glossary 23 Cromwell Square 6 Santa Maria Town Center 6 Research Charles Towne Square 6 StudRe Ort Y p University Towne Centre Long Ridge Mail 7 Study Context theGaileria Scope of Study Fairview Mali 9 Study Methodology Yorkdale Shopping Centre 9 Data Collection and Appendices 10 Findings A. Previous Studies Data Collection Process Annotated Bibliography 10 Centers Used for B. Survey Forms 12 In -Depth Studies Parking Accumulation 12 Surveys and Questionnaires Distribution of Centers Findings vii Participating Shopping Centers L Hawaii ®000 ® Conducted 3-Day Parking Survey and Completed Parking Questionnaire ■ In -Depth Case Study Centers 0 Completed Parking Questionnaire viii Foreword A basic component of a shopping center is available and adequate off-street parking to serve the patrons, visitors, and employees of the center. Recognizing the importance of this element has led the shopping center industry to seek out appropriate information on parking demand which could be used to establish industrywide standards for parking requirements. This study, undertaken in support of this goal, must be of sufficient depth and credibility so that all those involved —shopping center owners, developers, and tenants; financial institutions; traffic, parking, and planning professionals; and public officials —can accept the findings and recommendations without qualification. The recommended standards must be rationally conceived, easily understood, and capable of simple application to all types of shopping centers. To this end, the International Council of Shopping Centers (ICSC) funded in 1980 a major new study, Parking Requirements for Shopping Centers, under the auspices of ULI—the Urban Land Institute. The research for this study was conducted by Wilbur Smith and Associates, Inc., under the guidance of an advisory committee composed of experts from the shopping center industry, drawn from the memberships of ICSC and ULI. The study drew on questionnaire responses from 506 shopping centers; detailed parking accumulation counts from 135 centers; annual daily counts from 22 centers; and 15 in-depth case studies of typical centers. As such, it is the most comprehensive study ever conducted on shopping center parking and provides the reliability and depth of data collection and analyses upon which to base recommended standards. This study could not have been accomplished without the full cooperation of the shopping center industry. By providing valuable standards which will assure an adequate supply of parking at centers, Parking Requirements for Shopping Centers will have as its ultimate beneficiary the general public, which patronizes shopping centers. It is hoped that communities will adopt these standards to the benefit of their citizenry, thus furthering the principal objective of ULI—to foster better land use and development practices. Roy P. Drachman Chairman Advisory Committee Summary Recommendations Key Recommendations Overall Parking Indices To provide adequate parking for a typical shopping center to- day, the number of spaces required is: • 4.0 spaces per 1.000 square feet of gross leasable area (GLA) for centers having a GLA of 25.000 to 400.000 square feet; • from 4.0 to 5.0 spaces in a linear progression, with an av- erage of 4.5 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA, for cen- ters having from 400,000 to 600,000 square feet; and • 5.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA for centers having a GLA of over 600,000 square feet. The provision of parking based on these standards, as shown in Figure 1, will serve patrons and employee needs at the 20th busiest hour of the year, and allow a surplus during all but 19 hours of the remainder of the more than 3,000 hours during which a typical center is open annually. During 19 hours of each year, which are distributed over 10 peak shopping days, some patrons will not be able to find vacant spaces when they first enter the center. 2 Individual Tenant Requirements Within the full range of tenants found in shopping centers, of- fices, cinemas, and food services require additional considera- tion. Offices. Office space amounting up to 10 percent of the total GLA can be accommodated without providing parking in addi- tion to that imposed by the application of the overall parking indices. Office space in excess of 10 percent of the center's GLA requires additional parking, although less than a free- standing office because of the availability of parking for dual purposes. Mixed -use developments where the primary use in building area is other than retail selling were not addressed in this study and therefore the standards set forth here may not be applied. Cinemas. At centers with 100,000 to 200,000 square feet of GLA having cinemas with up to 450 seats, and at centers with over 200,000 square feet of GLA having cinemas with up to 750 seats, patrons can be accommodated without the provi- sion of parking spaces in addition to the overall recom- mended standard. Cinemas having more than this number of seats, or cinemas located at smaller centers, however, require a nominal three additional spaces per 100 seats, as described in the body of this report. Food Services. The amount of center GLA devoted to food service tenants influences the number of required parking spaces. The number of spaces to be added (or subtracted) from the amount of parking otherwise required can be calcu- lated using procedures presented in this report for centers in which up to 5 percent of center GLA is devoted to food ser- vice. Figure 1 Recommended Shopping Center Parking Indices EWE d 7,000 d d s,000 U A a CO) V) 5,000 C Y IL 4,000 `o a 3.000 E z 2000, 1,000 0 0 , I i ! i it { I y- I I { i I I I ` i moo 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1.000 1.100 1,200 1,300 1,400 1,500 Gross Leasable Area (1,000 square feet) 1. The amount of data above this point Is limited. but suggests a decreasing index. 3 Method of Travel Centers with less than 75 percent of their customers arriving by private vehicles require proportionately less space. Employee Parking Requirements Centers in which all employees park off -site during peak days of the year require up to 15 percent less parking than would otherwise be needed. Automobile Size The advent of compact cars will give existing centers the op- portunity to use their parking areas more efficiently. New cen- ters should plan the design of their parking areas recognizing that by 1990 most automobiles in use nationwide will be com- pacts (60 to 95 percent). Impact of Standards Most centers designed with previously published standards have a surplus of parking during even the busiest hours of the year. Consequently, these centers can support additional retail or nonretail areas, or the areas devoted to parking can be re- duced, if the standards recommended in the present study are applied. 4 Objectives of the Study In 1965, the Urban Land Institute pub- lished Technical Bulletin 53, Parking Requirements for Shopping Centers, which became the recognized standard for projecting parking space needs at shopping centers. In the nearly 20 years since data used to prepare the 1965 study were collected and evaluated, there have been many changes in shop- ping center development patterns and users' travel behavior affecting parking demands. Changes have occurred and are continuing to take place in such areas as energy cost and availability, center tenant mix, degree of competi- tion, vehicle sizes, and availability of transit service. Consequently, the Inter- national Council of Shopping Centers asked the Urban Land Institute to initi- ate a new study to determine the stan- dards for parking requirements. The primary goal of this study was to establish parking standards for shop- ping centers in the United States and Canada, based upon observations of transportation activity at existing cen- ters. These recommended standards for parking would then be applied to the planning of new centers and expansion of existing centers. To achieve this ob- jective, the study collected and evalu- ated data on a wide range of factors influencing travel behavior and parking demand at centers. The findings were prepared in a format usable for all those interested in shopping center parking. As defined in this study, a shopping center is: A group of architecturally unified commer- cial establishments built on a site which is planned, developed, owned, and managed as an operating unit related in its location, size, and type of shops to the trade area that the unit serves. The unit provides on - site parking in definite relationship to the types and total size of the stores.' The major use in a shopping center is retail selling: typically, over 80 percent of a center's GLA is devoted to this use. At mixed -use developments which in- corporate several land uses in a single project, retail areas may compose less than half of the total project area. The results of this study may not be applica- ble to projects in which retailing is not the major function, that is, centers in which less than 80 percent of the GLA is devoted to retailing. 1. Urban Land Institute. Shopping Center Development Handbook (Washington: Urban Land Institute, 1977), p. 1. Study Methodology Data describing travel behavior and parking demand at shopping centers throughout the United States and Can- ada were collected on Friday after Thanksgiving (November 28,1980) and the Saturdays before Christmas (De- cember 6, 13, and 20, 1980)—histori- cally, the time when peak parking demands at centers are generated. The study analyzed not only the abso- lute numbers of peak period vehicles parked, but also evaluated the sensitiv- ity of parking demands to variations in both user and center characteristics. These included: User Characteristics • Number of persons attracted to a center (person trip rate}. • Method of travel (private vehicle, public transit, walking, or others). • Persons per vehicle (vehicle occu- pancy). • Travel time and frequency of trips. *-Length of stay at center (parking durations). • Number of stores visited. • Seasonal, daily, and hourly varia- tions in demand (peaking patterns). Center Characteristics • Size (gross leasable area). • Tenant mix (type and amount of re- tail and nonretail space). • Location (suburban or downtown, large city or small city, regional dif- ferences, and so forth. • Employment (number of employees by shift and day). • Availability of parking. To document these demands and the underlying causal relationships generat- ing the demands, surveys were con- ducted to collect data on parked vehicle accumulations, vehicular and pedestrian traffic entering and exiting shopping centers, continuous counts of daily vehicular traffic activity at centers for 1 year, and frequency of trips, meth- ods of travel, purpose of trips, parking durations of shoppers and employees, and experiences of center management with regard to the effective use of exist- ing parking space. To measure the influence of these vari- ables on shopping center parking de- mand, statistical analyses (including multiple regression tests) were con- ducted. Study findings were tested for reasonableness and logic, ensuring that the recommendations would be useful to community planners, center tenants and developers, and others interested in shopping center parking demands. Variables Related to Parking Demand The study found the following varia- bles to be the most significant with respect to parking demand: • Center Size. Gross leasable area (GLA) is the major determinant of parking demand. Note that gross leasable area is defined as the total floor area designed for tenant occu- pancy and exclusive use and in- cludes both owned and leased areas. GLA should not be confused with total building area, which is all the building area that is physically part of a shopping center and in- cludes common areas not designed for rental to tenants. Analysis indicates that the rate of demand differs among center sizes, with major breaks, or demand rate changes, occurring at 400,000 square feet and 600,000 square feet of GLA. The variation in parking de- mand rate reflects the different mar- ketplace functions, tenant characteristics, and mix of centers within these size ranges. Participating centers are stratified by center size. Using the conven- tional sizes for neighborhood (up to 100,000), community (100,000 to 300,000), and regional (300,000 and up), centers with less than 100,000 square feet represent 30 percent of those participating and 21 percent of those conducting accumulation surveys. Centers with 100,000 to 300,000 square feet represent an- other 32 percent of those participat- ing and 23 percent of those conducting accumulation surveys. Those with over 300,000 square feet, which include regional and super regional centers, represent 38 percent of the centers participating and 56 percent of those conducting accumulation surveys. However, the division of the sample by size as it relates to the recom- mended indices shows that centers with less than 400,000 square feet represent 65 percent of those partici- pating and 46 percent of those con- ducting accumulation surveys. Centers having 400,000 to 600,000 square feet represent 10 percent of those participating and 15 percent of those conducting accumulation surveys. Centers with more than 600,000 square feet of GLA account for 25 percent of the sample and 39 percent of the accumulation sur- veys. Participating centers range in size from 7,000 square feet to 2 mil- lion square feet (see Figure 2). • Retail Uses. Key retail uses were analyzed for their significance to parking demand. Food service ten- ants (including restaurants, fast food and specialty food stores, and food clusters) were found to influence demand. • Nonretail Uses. The presence of nonretail uses was also examined as a variable. Office space and cine- mas were found to have a measur- able influence on demand. • Method of Travel. The proportionate number of patrons and employees arriving in private vehicles or by other means (often referred to as mode choice) was examined. This variable was found to have signifi- cance when less than 75 percent of all persons arrived by private vehi- cle. Figure 2 Center Size Distribution by Center Type and in Relationship to Recommended Parking Indices Participants by Center Type Participants by Recommended Index Breakpoints aO ML1 < n 8 Accumulation Sur% Center Type Accumulation Sur Recommended Index Breakpoints Variables Unrelated to Parking Demand Many other factors pertaining to shop- ping centers were evaluated but were not found to contribute significantly to variances in parking demand. Among these variables were: • United States versus Canada. Tests indicated parking demand during peak periods at comparably sized centers located in each nation dif- fered less than 1 percent. Thus, centers in both nations can be treated the same with respect to parking demand. • Regional Location. No significant difference was found among peak period parking demands at centers of comparable size located in differ- ent regions of the United States, such as the West or the Southeast. Tests indicated parking demands can be projected on the same basis in all regions. • Large City versus Small City Loca- tion. The population size of the community did not significantly in- fluence the peak period parking de- mand of comparably sized centers. The variance found was less than 1 percent; therefore, demand at cen- ters can be projected in the same manner regardless of city size or the size of the metropolitan area. • Suburban versus Downtown Loca- tion. Comparisons of center loca- tions did not indicate statistically significant differences in peak pe- riod demand between centers in suburban areas and those located in the established retail areas of communities, generally referred to as the central business districts, (CBDs). (Note: This comparison is not relevant to centers located in the CBDs of major cities, which are typically served by transit and at- tract a large volume of walk-in trade.) Existing Parking Supply To determine whether parking demand was at all constricted by the availability of parking at a shopping center, tests were conducted comparing centers providing different parking indices (ra- tio of total parking spaces to GLA). These tests indicated that peak period parking demand is not related to the amount of available parking. When other factors remained constant, no discernible difference was observed in the number of spaces used during peak periods by centers with varying parking indices, nor did centers with higher than average indices attract more vehi- cles. Design Hour Determination Closely related to parking demand fore- casts is the selection of the specific hourly period which should be used for design purposes. When hourly traffic volumes for a full year are arranged in descending order of magnitude {Fgure 3), it can be seen that 50 percent of the hours serve less than half the demand which occurs during the peak hour. A shopping center parking facility de- signed to serve the demand during an average hour would be unacceptable and less than adequate on many occa- sions when higher demand exists. Con- versely, a facility designed to serve the busiest hour of the year would result in substantial excess capacity during all but 1 hour of the year, which would be an unrealistic design standard for the community, the consumer, and the shopping center developerlowner. The community, for example, should avoid the environmental consequences from an unnecessarily large pavement area; the consumer should not be burdened by higher indirect costs from an exces- sive number of parking spaces; and the 10 developer/owner should provide a level of service of maximum benefit to both patrons and the community, which is consistent with sound economics. In other words, the appropriate design hour should be selected with a proper balance among several objectives re- flecting community, consumer, and business needs. Highway Design Transportation planners have long rec- ognized that the selection of an appro- priate design hour should be based on a balance between service and cost. The design of major highway facilities is most often based on the volume oc- curring during the 30th highest hour of the year. The size of the facility is deter- mined by the proportion of annual traffic occurring during this 30th hour. The ratio between the 30th highest hour and the average annual daily traffic volume was once thought to re- main constant from year to year for a given roadway. Studies, however, have shown that as the volume of traffic on a highway increases, the proportion of annual traffic volume decreases during the design hour, especially if a facility is better used in off-peak periods? As the shopping center industry has matured, shoppers have become aware of peak shopping times, seek to avoid the busiest peak times, and distribute their shopping trips over a greater num- ber of off-peak days and hours —all of which suggests that the 10th highest hour, which was previously used as the design hour, is no longer appropriate? Indeed, design of shopping center ac- cess roads is now typically based upon average weekday and weekend traffic volumes, and therefore, a design hour for parking standards should be se- lected which is consistent with access design standards. 2- %Iartln drfd ."nU 6Tr4n V 11-Tlin Tr',Q,.. >stEm rr^l,. S frr Er•7;ne1,r_ zr,.l PEE 3 to :[ t•Vt=_ Gt Tr nzor t;non Er,a:rr re Tr n fr,- 3Ututeof7r<rr; Figure 3 Yearly Variation in Hourly Traffic Volume (In Descending Order of Magnitude) too L — . Peak Hour Volume LN m E 0 60 0 x Y l0 W d �r. O « 40 C d v m a 20 0.� 500 1.000 1,500 2,000 2.500 3.000 3.500 Number of Hours with Hourly Volume Greater Than Volume Shown 11 Annual Parking Demand Data providing daily counts for an en- tire year were obtained from over 22 centers, covering a total of 32 years of observations. When these data are ag- gregated by center size and ranked successively (Figure 4), the pattern of hourly demand is established for var- ious center sizes. The distribution of observed demands indicates the 20th highest hour as the appropriate design hour, thus, the change from the 10th highest hour which had been selected as the basis for design in the 1965 ULI study. 12 As more data measuring daily traffic volumes over the course of a year have become available, traffic planners have been able to examine design hour rela- tionships at shopping centers. The "knee -of -the -curve," generally regarded as the appropriate design point, ap- pears to have shifted. The 20th highest hour represents about 20 percent less de- mand than at the peak hour of the year for centers with a GLA larger than 400,000 square feet, 11 percent less than the peak hour for centers with GLA between 60,000 and 400,000 square feet, and 5 percent less for cen- ters with less than 60,000 square feet of GLA. As found by this study and others, the Christmas season surge is more in- tense at regional centers. Although smaller centers (under 60,000 square feet of GLA) experience peaks during the pre -Christmas season, they are less pronounced. Implications of Selected Design Hour Thus, this study has selected the 20th highest hour of the year as the demand hour upon which the design of shop- ping center parking facilities should be based. Use of this hour as the design period will result in adequate parking for all patrons and employees during the more than 3,000 hours per year a center is open. In fact, based on this design period, it is estimated that during 40 percent of the hours of the year, over half the available spaces will be empty. However, during 19 hours each year, distributed over 10 days, some patrons will be unable to find parking spaces im- mediately upon entering a center. Use of the 20th highest hour as the shopping center design standard will also result in a more balanced on -site and off -site transportation system since the design capacities of the access highway system and the center's park- ing lot will better correspond. Figure 4 Peak Hour Traffic Demands at Shopping Centers Peak Hour 100 14NZAIIIIIIIN,eiiw c gp E I \` m 0 m u 0 60 (n rn c Y r a 70 0 0 x Y to W 60 IL 0 c m V 50 N a 01 M 10 20 Legend Actual: Based upon centers measuring daily traffic volumes continuously. M Interpolation: Based upon monthly retail sales data and peak period traffic vol- u mes. aft '� aft w,th 2 0 5'Ooto so Centers with BO'0` . s r eel 01-4 Centers far I 0 s9uare t 4 _i ger than 400 eet kq4 aft aft 000 s4uare feet G�q 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Rank of Hours Number of Hours in Year Having Parking Space Demand Greater Than That Shown 100 13 Recommended Parking Indices Shopping center parking demand is best described as a function of GLA. The parking index varies with center size, over selected ranges (Figure 1) and is summarized in the following re- quirements. 14 • Design hour parking demands at smaller centers with GLA between 25,000 and 400,000 square feet, which exhibit less peaking during the Thanksgiving and pre -Christmas shopping seasons and where park- ing durations are shorter, require 4.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA. • At centers with 400,000 to 600,000 square feet of GLA, the parking de- mand index increases from 4.0 to 5.0 spaces in a linear progression as size increases, with an average index of 4.5 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA. • Centers larger than 600,000 square feet require 5.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA. At centers hav- ing over 1.2 million square feet of GLA, the number of required spaces declines from 5.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA. The num- ber of centers with over 1.2 million square feet of GLA participating in the study was insufficient to quan- tify this reduction in demand; thus, it is suggested that the demand for these centers be addressed on a case by case basis. These values were developed through analysis of design hour parking de- mands at over 135 centers, as shown in Figure 5.and are adequate to serve the needs of all patrons, visitors, and em- ployees during the 20th busiest hour of the year except where modifications are required for offices, cinemas, and food services which need special considera- tion. Figure 5 Observed Design Hour Parking Demand M of 6,000 x L M N 5,000 Vi d V 4,000 2000, 1,000 us ■—Observed Center Parking Demand fNote that larger squares depict multiple observations) Total Occupied GLA (1,000 square feet) 5 23 12 4 5 5 4 2 8 3 5 4 6 5 10 2 8 3 4 6 4 1 2 1 1 0 2 Number of Observations 15 Uses Given Special Consideration Certain land uses at shopping centers contribute to and affect design hour parking demand. Through the use of regression analyses, these uses and their impacts upon design hour de- mands were identified and quantified. No uses typically found in shopping centers, other than offices, cinemas, and food services, were found to re- quire adjustments in parking based on their presence in varying quantity. 16 Offices Analyses show office space comprising up to 10 percent of the total GLA can be accommodated without increasing the parking supply required to serve the center. This percent of net rentable area, including space either freestand- ing or incorporated within the center and excluding retail store office space, was not found to increase parking de- mands during the busiest hours of the year. The suggested amount of office space is less than that described by earlier studies because, based on the recommended indices, the available surplus parking during nonpeak peri- ods (for example, weekdays) will be less than previously available 5 Office space exceeding 10 percent of the center GLA will require additional parking, but less than an isolated office development would require, due to the availability of shared parking. Available data do not permit a recommendation concerning the amount of required ad- ditional parking where office use ex- ceeds 10 percent of center GLA. 5, See Urban Land Institute, Parking Regoirc- meats for Shopping Centers (Washington: ULI—the Urban Land Institute, 1965). This study, which used the 10th highest hoar as the design hour, permitted upto20 percent office use without modification of the 5.5 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA set by trial study. Cinemas Peak parking demands at freestanding or attached cinemas incorporated within shopping centers do not coin- cide either seasonally, or by time of day with overall design hour shopping cen- ter demands. Cinema patrons at shop- ping centers can make dual use of parking spaces provided primarily to serve retail patrons, but available dur- ing nonpeak hour retail periods. In ad- dition, one vehicle may serve 3.0 to 4.0 cinema patrons, while, typically, the same vehicle would only serve 1.5 to 2.5 shoppers. Thus, the parking de- mand associated with movie trips is re- duced proportionately: • A center with less than 100,000 square feet of GLA requires a nomi- nal three additional parking spaces for every 100 cinema seats for cine- mas occupying up to 10 percent of the total center GLA. • Centers having 100,000 to 200,000 square feet of GLA can accommo- date up to 450 cinema seats without providing additional parking. For every 100 seats above the initial 450 seats, a nominal 3.0 additional spaces per 100 seats are required. • A shopping center with over 200,000 square feet of GLA can ac- commodate up to 750 seats without providing additional parking spaces. For every 100 seats above the initial 750 seats, a nominal three additional spaces are required. These standards for additional spaces for cinemas are only applicable when applied in conjunction with the basic indices recommended by this study. Food Services Food service tenants include both full service and fast food restaurants with or without liquor service, as well as specialty stores such as doughnut shops or ice cream parlors. These ten- ants attract patrons whose parking de- mands coincide with peak center parking demands. Shoppers whose trips to the center include a stop at a restaurant have been observed to have parking durations longer than shoppers who do not visit food service tenants. The contribution that this retail function makes to parking demand was found to vary with center size. At smaller centers with a total GLA of 200,000 square feet or less, many of the peak period vehicle trips generated by restaurants and fast food outlets, for example, are in addi- tion to and independent of the trips 17 generated by the retail areas. In con- trast, at larger centers, peak period food service patrons are at the centers primarily to shop, and trips to the res- taurant are usually secondary; that is, these patrons would have visited and parked at the center during the design hour regardless of whether food ser- vices were available. Consequently, centers over 200,000 square feet re- quire less parking for food service cus- tomers during the design hour than if the same GLA were used for other retail purposes. For food services occupying up to 10 percent of the total GLA at centers with 100,000 square feet or less, or up to 5 percent of the total GLA of centers larger than 100,000 square feet, the dif- ferential parking demand is the follow- ing: 18 • A center with more than 25,000 and less than 100,000 square feet of to- tal GLA requires an additional 10 spaces per 1,000 square feet of food service tenant area. •A center having 100,000 but less than 200,000 square feet of total GLA requires an additional 6.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of food service tenant area. • A center having 200,000 but less than 600,000 square feet of total GLA requires no additional spaces for food services. • A center with 600,000 square feet or more of GLA can reduce the re- quired parking (as calculated by us- ing the recommended index of 5.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA) by 4.0 spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA devoted to food services. To illustrate: 5,000 square feet of food service tenant area located in a center with 99,000 square feet of GLA would require 50 additional parking spaces (+10 spaces x 5,000/1,000 square feet). However, food service stores of the same area in a 700,000-square-foot center would allow the center to have 20 fewer spaces than if the same area were occupied by other retail uses (-4 spaces x 5,000/1,000 square feet). The data available in this study do not permit a recommendation concerning the required adjustments to the parking standard when the food service tenant area exceeds 10 percent of the GLA of a center with 100,000 square feet or less and 5 percent of the GLA of a cen- ter with more than 100,000 square feet. Further, these adjustments are only ap- plicable when used in conjunction with the basic indices recommended by this study. Areas of Special Evaluation Other subject areas were also consid- ered in this study, which are expected to influence the planning and design of centers and the efficient use of their site areas. An overview of these sub- jects is presented below. Method of Travel to Center The parking standards in this study were developed for centers in which approximately 85 to 95 percent of the shoppers, visitors, and employees arrive by private vehicle. The recommended indices and their modification apply to centers where such circumstances exist. However, when more than 25 percent of all persons arrive by modes other than private vehicles, the number of required parking spaces should be less than the recommended standard for a center of comparable size. The appropriate adjustment can be made by using the following equa- tion derived from an analysis of study data. Required Spaces = P x M_+ 15; 90 where: P = number of spaces calculated for a typical center of comparable size using the standards estab- lished by this study; and, M = percent of peak period visitors and employees arriving in pri- vate vehicles. To illustrate: at a center where 60 per- cent of the peak period visitors and em- ployees arrive in private vehicles, the required number of parking spaces would be approximately 83 percent (60 + 15) of that normally expected. 90 This is a derived formula which projects a linear decline in the number of re- quired parking spaces as nonprivate ve- hicle travel to the center increases. Adjustments for Employee Parking Characteristics of employee trips and parking demands were compared with overall center parking requirements. Between 15 and 20 percent of all center peak period parking is attributed to center employees. Analyses of center employment data during the busiest shift, on a peak Saturday before Christ- mas, indicate that during this period there are about 1.6 employees on -site per 1,000 square feet of GLA. At centers where employee parking fa- cilities are provided at a separate off - site location, the total amount of park- ing required at the center may be re- duced by as much as 15 percent if all employees use the off -site parking area. A reduction of this magnitude requires prohibiting all employees from using the remaining available on -site spaces (reserved for patrons) and enforcing this regulation during peak periods. Of course, if not all employees park off - site, the allowable reduction in spaces required would be proportionately less based on the previous formula. 19 Figure 6 Size Distribution of Parked Cars at Selected Shopping Centers Percent of Center State/Province Full -Size Cromwell Square Connecticut Long Ridge Mall New York 55 Wilde Lake Maryland Village Green Midlothian Mall Virginia 78 Amherst Centre Ohio Raintree Ohio Shopping Centre University Plaza Kentucky �7 Shopping Center ��_7 Colony Shopping Center North Carolina �y Charles Towne Square South Carolina 54 theGalleria Texas d5 Brookvale Shopping Center Santa Maria Town Center University Towne Centre Yorkdale Shopping Centre Fairview Mall 20 California California California Ontario Ontario 63 z: to 44 Percent of Compact 26 as 56 22 1k 2' ip et 46 35 60 51 66 3-1 40 Implications of the Compact Car As the proportion of compact cars in use increases, the design of parking fa- cilities to accommodate these vehicles at shopping centers through a more ef- ficient use of space becomes increas- ingly important. To gain further insight into this issue, the study classified vehi- cles parked at 15 centers on the peak days of the year according to their di- mensions, and the proportion of com- pact cars was determined. A compact car was defined to include any automo- bile or truck whose length is 16 feet or less and width less than 6 feet. As shown in Figure 6, the proportion of compact cars ranged from 15 to 65 per- cent. Although this is a small survey, it confirms patterns observed elsewhere in the nation, as well as trends in auto- mobile sales. When compact cars be- come predominant, a parking lot can be restriped to achieve a 15 to 30 per- cent increase in spaces for a given area. Thus, existing centers designed with full-size spaces can increase the number of vehicles accommodated in the same physical area or, where ap- propriate, can reduce the total area de- voted to parking. Recent studies by the United States De- partment of Transportation indicate that, by 1990, depending on fuel avail- ability and prices, the percent of all au- tomobiles in the United States that are compact could reach a high of 95 per- cent, with the most likely proportion being somewhere between 70 and 80 percents When more than one out of three vehicles parked at a center are compacts, it is appropriate to consider special accommodation of these vehi- cles. At present, the proportion of com- pacts appears to vary from center to center depending on regional location and demographics. Over time, as the total percent of compact cars rises, it is obvious that these variances will de- cline. Centers can accommodate com- pacts in several ways: • By providing separate parking bays designed for small vehicles. Many centers currently allocate 20 per- cent or fewer spaces for small vehi- cles. This proportion is likely to increase in the future. For compact cars, parking bay widths of 54 feet are suggested. These widths will ac- commodate compacts parked at 90 degrees on both sides of the aisles, with stalls 15 to 17 feet in length and 7.5 to 8 feet in width. This sys- tem can always be used in new cen- ters, and, depending on conditions, might also be adapted to existing centers. Using this bay width in the design of a center will allow the present accommodation of full-size cars angle parked and therefore a gradual transition to compact car space over time without parking lot redesign. • By cross -aisle separation of full-size and compact cars to facilitate com- pacts parked perpendicularly on one side and full-size vehicles parked at an angle on the other side, using the Drachman System of parking or comparable methods. The 54-foot bay width is also used in this system. (See Figure 7.) • In existing centers, by generally re- ducing stall widths to 8.5 feet, rec- ognizing that with the growing proportion of small vehicles, it is in- creasingly less likely that two large vehicles will park adjacent to one another; thus, space for opening doors (which governs the required distance between adjacently parked vehicles) and stall width can be re- duced. Rearranging a surface parking area to accommodate compact vehicles can dramatically improve capacity, resulting in additional spaces in the same area or the same number of spaces in less area to serve the same demand. Surface parking facilities, used by most shop- ping centers, are easier to redesign in order to serve compact vehicles than are parking structures in which physical conditions such as columns and ramps may restrain the conversion. o. ' The U.S. Automobile Industry, 1980. ' Re- port to the President from the Secretary of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Sec- retary for Policy and International Affairs, January 1981. 21 Figure 7 Drachman System of Parking (Small and large cars in one bay) 14 Compact Cars 9 Standard Cars L Basic Concept Comparison of Drachman System to Standard System The Drachman System uses 90-degree angle spaces for small Drachman System cars in the same bay in which 45- or 60-degree angle spaces are Standard Spaces 9 provided for large cars. This self -enforcing plan uses standard Compact Spaces 14 space stalls 8.5 or 9.0 feet by 18 feet, while compact spaces are Total 23 7.5 feet wide by 15 feet long within a bay width of 54 feet. Standard System Total Standard Spaces 18 Increase in Spaces Drachman over Standard 5 22 Percentage Increase 28% Glossary Anchor tenant. The major retail tenant of a shopping center (typically a department store of 100,000 square feet or more or a supermarket at a smaller shopping center). These retail ten- ants are the primary attractions at a center. Central business district (CBD). That portion of a municipality in which the dominant land use is intense business activity (primarily office and retail). Compact car. For purposes of this study, any vehicle with an overall length of 16 feet or less and an overall width of less than 6 feet. Design hour. The hour of a day or year, selected as being among the most active periods in a shopping center, which forms a suitable basis for future design. Food service tenants. Includes both full service and fast food restaurants with or without liquor service, as well as specialty stores such as doughnut shops or ice cream parlors. Gross leasable area (GLA). The total floor area designed for both tenant occupancy and exclusive use. This includes both owned and leased areas. Mode choice. The method of transportation selected by center patrons and employees. Parking indices. The number of spaces per 1,000 square feet of GLA. Public transit. Transportation services available to all custom- ers (for example, buses, taxis, subways), as opposed to private transportation (private automobiles). Regression analysis. A statistical method showing the func- tional dependent relationship between one variable (i.e., park- ing demand) and one or more other variables (i.e., GLA size category, selected tenant mix, available public mass transit). Shopping center. A group of architecturally unified commer- cial establishments built on a site which is planned, devel- oped, owned, and managed as an operating unit related in its location, size, and type of shops to the trade area that the unit serves. The unit provides on -site parking in definite relation- ship to the types and total size of the stores. Tenant mix. The composition of tenants occupying a center. The mix of land uses influences the center environment, eco- nomic viability, and patronage. Travel behavior. The characteristics of travel resulting from the broad range of choices people make in moving from points of origin to points of destination, based on such con- siderations as the availability of alternative means of transpor- tation, costs, purpose and frequency of trips, and time. 23 Metric Conversion Table Meters = Kilometers = Square Meters = Square Kilometers = Cubic Meters = Cubic Meters = Hectares = (a hectare is 10,000 square meters) feet x 0.305 Miles x 1,609 square feet x 0.093 square miles x 2.590 cubic feet x 0.028 cubic yards x 0.765 acres x 0.405 I Parking Demand Study for Attached Dwellings Units With Unenclosed Parking s.,.. t-fw■&v ni [kanae. EMA vM Table of Contents Section Page No. 1 1. Findings ........................................... 2. County Parking Code ................................ 2 3. Parking Study Methodology .......................... 3 4. Parking Demand ...................................... 4 5. Parking Overage .................................... 9 6. Assigned Versus Unassigned Parking Spaces ..........11 7. Recommended Parking Formula ................ .....11 8. Comparison of County Parking Code to Recommended Formula ....................... ......14 1 List of Tables - Table No. Title Page No. 1 Parking Requirements ....................... 2 2 Parking Demand Study Survey Sites .......... 5 3 Characteristics of Developments Sampled .... 6 4 Total Parking Demand by Development ........ 7 5 Parking Space Occupancy Rates .............. 8 6 Parking Demand by Development ..............12 7 Parking Demand Analysis ....................13 C PARKING DEMAND STUDY This report contains a parking demand analysis for attached dwellings with unenclosed garages in the County of Orange. Fourteen existing projects were surveyed. The purpose of this analysis is to determine how much parking is needed to satisfy the anticipated demand. Findings a. Fourteen attached housing sites with unenclosed garages were surveyed to identify parking demand. b. The most consistent indicator of parking demand for the housing sites is square footage of floor area. The number of bedrooms is the second best indicator of parking demand, and the number of dwellings is third best. C. Parking space supply should equal 1.15 times the maxi- mum parking space demand for unassigned spaces to assure that the last driver in does not have to search the entire parking facility to find the last space. d. Each unassigned parking space is equivalent to 1.17 assigned parking spaces because assigned space are usable only by the person to whom the space is assigned while unassigned spaces are usable by everyone. Thus, total parking space supply can be reduced if spaces are unassigned. e. For attached housing with unenclosed garages, the re- commended parking supply can be calculated with any one of the following three formulas: PS = 1.55 x DU + 0.17 x AS, or PS = 1.76 x TSF + 0.17 x AS, or PS = 0.95 x BR + 0.17 x AS, where, PS = Parking Supply (total) TSF = Thousand Square Feet of Residential Floor Area (total) DU = Dwelling Units (total) BR = Bedrooms (total) AS = Assigned Spaces f. The formulas listed above have a 95 confidence level that there will never be less than 15 percent vacant spaces during maximum parking usage periods. County Parking Code The County of Orange Parking Code makes the amount of parking required a function of dwellings and number of bedrooms within each dwelling. The accompanying table summarizes the parking requirements for attached dwellings. Table 1 PARKING REQUIREMENTS Bedrooms Parking Required (Spaces) Coverea uncovered ITotal 1 1.0 0.7-- 1.7 2 1.0 1.2 2.2 3 2.0 0.7 2.7 other pertinent features of the Code are as follows: 1. Up to 25 percent of the uncovered spaces may be compact car spaces. 2. Covered spaces (outside of a garage) must be 10 feet by 20 feet. 3. Uncovered spaces must be 9-1/2 feet by 19 feet, except those designated for use by compact cars. 4. Uncovered spaces designated for use by compact cars must be 7-1/2 feet by 15 feet. 5. Parking spaces are to be within 200 feet of the dwelling unit to which they are to serve. a I I_1 1 J C 1 1 t II II II Parking Study Methodology To determine parking demand, the following methodology was used: 1. The County of Orange Environmental Management Agency de- termined occupied housing projects within Orange County which could be sampled. Projects were selected which con- tained attached dwellings with unenclosed garages, and which had been fully occupied for some time. The County of Orange collected information on number of dwellings, number of bedrooms, and size in square feet of the units. Square footage is defined as the living area, including space within walls, but excluding balconies, atriums, porches, and patios. For units with "dens", the dens were counted as bedrooms. For units classified as "efficiency" or "bachelor" units, they were counted as one bedroom units. 2. Data was assembled by the consultant concerning the number of assigned and unassigned parking spaces, size of spaces and so forth for the projects. Parking survey sites are identified in Table 2 and characteristics of the develop- ments sampled are summarized in Table 3. 3. Parking data was collected at the selected projects as follows: a. Data was collected late at night (2 to 4 AM) on week- nights when parking demand is a maximum. Data was also collected at several points of time on the weekend at the Presley Orangetree project to establish when the weekend maximum parking demand occurred (it occurred around 11 PM Saturday). After establishing when the peak weekend demand was, data was collected at that point in time for the other projects. b. Data was collected by classifying all parked vehicles as parked in an assigned covered stall, unassigned on - site stall, on -street stall, or illegally parked. 4. Both on -street and off-street parking data were collected. In determining parking space supply, the number of on - street parking spaces were estimated. It was assumed that parking spaces on the same side of the street as the pro- perty and along the property's frontage were part of the property's unassigned parking space supply. As for on - street parking demand, any vehicle parked in the above de- fined spaces was assumed to be part of the property's parking demand. 5. Data were collected both during the winter and summer months. For Sample Numbers 1 to 8 data were collected in July, 1981; for Sample Numbers 9, 13, 14, and 15 data were collected in March,1981; and for Sample Numbers 10, 11, and 12 data were collected in November, 1980. Although about half of the data Were collected during the summer when residents would tend more to be away on vacation, the bias in the data is estimated to be less than two percent. 6. Of the sample of 15, 12 projects were oriented toward younger people with families and three projects (Sample Numbers 8, 9, and 15) appeared to be inhabited to some degree by retirement age people. For 81 9, and 15 it is estimated that perhaps one-third of the residents were retirement aqe. 7. Of the sites selected, none had separate recreational vehicle storage areas. S. Of the sites selected, Sample Number 6 had a small number of garages and may not have been completely sold and occupied. This Sample Number was rejected and not used in calculating parking demand ratios. 9. All other sites were fully occupied and the only vacancy was due to typical move-in/move-out patterns. It is esti- mated that about five percent of all homes in an established residential area are vacant at any one time due to move -ins/ move -outs. The sites were all equal (excepting Sample Number 6) in that the only vacancy would have been due to move-ins/move-outs and would have been constant between them. Data for each individual site surveyed are included in Appendix A. Parking Demand Table 4 displays the results of the parking survey for total ve- hicles. Total parking demand by development per dwelling unit, per thousand square feet of floor area, and per bedroom are also shown. It should be noted that Table 4 entries are for parking demand, and that the parking supply must exceed the parking demand. 4 M M M M M M M M M M M M Ln Table 2 PARKING DEMAND SURVEY SITES Num- Owner- ber of SiteH Sample ship Dwell- Area Number Project Name City Location Status ings (Acres 1 Aliso Creek Villas El Toro E1 Toro & Muirlands Condo 392 20.2 2 Villa Warner Huntington Beach Warner & Edwards Condo 256 10.8 3 South Coast Villas Santa Ana Bristol & MacArthur Condo 304 11.8 4 Bristol Place Santa Ana Warner & Bristol Condo 80 3.0 5 Regency Villas Santa Ana 17th Street & King Condo 124 7.36 Park Orleans Orange Glassel & Garden Grove Frwy Condo 7 Woodlake Village La Habra Lambert & Idaho Condo 181 7.9 8 Village Homes Tustin Newport Ave. & Irvine Blvd. Condo 124 5.5 22.7 9 San Souci Tustin Newport Ave. & Mitchell Condo 30 - NA 10 Presley Orangetree Irvine Orangetree & Orangeblossom Condo 421 20.6 20.4 11 The Springs Irvine Park Place & Yale Condo 356 13.9 25.6 12 Village Green lE & 1F Irvine Woodbridge Condo 106 5.3 20.1 13 Woodside Village Santa Ana Sunflower & Greenville Condo 399 18.2 21.9 14 Villa Vallerto Tustin Newport Ave. & Mitchell Condo 118 7.9 14.9 15 North Sherry Santa Ana 17th Street & North Sherry Condo 120 9.9 12.1 Average 215 10.9 21.0 Low 30 3.0 12.1 High 421 20.6 26.7 * Sample rejected because of inconsistencies. 0 Table 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVELOPMENTS SAMPLED Number of Dwellings Square Feet of Dwellings Dwellings One Two Average Sample Number Bach- elor Bed- room Bed- room Total Number of Bedrooms Smallest Largest Average per Acre a of Unit 1 0 100 232 392 1.90 692 1163 914 19.4 Flat on Flat 2 0 192 64 256 1.25 755 1112 847 23.7 Flat on Flat 3 0 68 180 304 1.96 710 1160 928 25.8 Flat on Flat 4 0 64 16 80 1.20 672 896 717 26.7 Flat on Flat 5 0 32 92 124 1.74 80o 1024 966 16.9 Single Story 6 7 0 128 53 181 1.29 656 1114 820 23.0 Flat on Flat 8 0 72 52 124 1.42 730 940 818 22.7 Flat on Flat 9 NA* NA NA 30 NA NA NA NA NA Single Story 10 110 182 129 421 1.31 512 994 775 20.4 Flat on Flat 11 88 164 104 356 1.29 471 935 684 25.6 Flat on Flat 12 0 0 40 106 2.62 955 1126 1061 20.1 Flat on Flat 13 0 39 227 399 2.24 782 1190 970 21.9 Flat on Flat 14 0 0 94 118 1.69 900 1454 1102 14.9 Flat on Flat/Townhouse 15 NA* NA NA 120 NA NA NA NA 12.1 Townhouse Average 1.66 884 21.0 Bachelor (Efficiency) Units counted as one bedroom in calculating bedrooms. * Sample rejected because of inconsistencies. ** Data Not Available. M == M= r M = = s= M M= M = = M= M Table 4 TOTAL PARKING DEMAND BY DEVELOPMENT Total Total Ibtal Vehicles Parked Vehicles Parked Per** Number Square Dwell- Thousand Sample Number of of Feet of Mid -Week Weekend inq Square Number Dwellings Bedrooms Floor Late Night Evening Unit Bedroom Feet 1 392 744 358,448 549 425 1.40 0.74 1.53 2 256 320 216,800 288 179 1.13 0.90 1.33 3 304 596 282,104 398 320 1.31 0.67 1.41 4 80 96 57,344 99 75 1.24 1.03 1.76 5 6 124 216 119,808 145 128 1.17 0.67 1.21 7 181 234 148,349 186 161 1.03 0.79 1.25 8 124 176 101,440 121 93 0.98 0.69 1.19 9 30 - - 36 41 1.37 - - 10 421 550 326,289 503 496 1.19 0.91 1.54 11 356 460 243,596 366 368 1.03 0.80 1.57 12 106 278 112,516 171 167 1.61 0.62 1.52 13 399 892 386,925 610 533 1.53 0.68 1.58 14 118 200 129,982 179 169 1.52 0.76 1.51 15 120 - - 141 128 1.18 - - Average 1.26 0.77 1.45 Low 0.98 0.62 1.19 High 1.61 1.03 1.76 * Sample rejected because of inconsistencies. ** The Vehicles Parked per Dwelling, Thousand Square Feet, and Bedroom are cal- culated using the higher Total Vehicles Parked for midweek late evening or weekend evening. Table 5 PARKING SPACE OCCUPANCY RATES Assiqned Spaces Unassi ned SIP3aces Total Spaces Parking Parking Parking Sample Maximum Occupancy Maximum Occupancy Maximum Occupancy Number Spaces Occupied Rate Spaces Occupied Rate Spaces Occupied Rate 1 481 363 0.75 332 186 0.56 813 549 0.68 2 380 263 0.69 27 25 0.93 407 288 0.71 3 317 220 0.69 203 178 0.88 520 398 0.77 4 85 64 0.75 46 35 0.76 131 99 0.76 5 124 88 0.71 82 57 0.70 206 145 0.70 6 7 190 129 0.68 73 57 0.78 2-63 186 0.71 ` 8 124 93 0.75 124 38 10.31 248 121 0.49 9 60 34 0.57 30 7 0.23 90 41 10.46 10 422 336 0.80 205 205 1.00 1627 1542 0.86 11 356 225 0.63 ( 161 1156 O.97 ! 517 381 0.74 f 12 106 93 0.88 1 123 78 0.63 1 229 171 F 0.75 13 399 322 0.81 330 1 301 0.91 729 623 0.85 14 160 132 0.83 104 47 ' 0.45 264 179 10.68 15 120 103 0.86 72 38 i 4.53 192 141 0.73 Average 0.74 0.69 0.71 Low 0.57 0.23 0.46 High 0.88 1.00 0.86 Standard Deviation 0.08 0.25 0.11 * Sample rejected because of inconsistencies. � m M M M M m m a m m m m m m m m m m J 7 Parking Overage Parking overage can be defined as the percent of spaces provided above the anticipated demand. Where spaces are assigned, a park- ing overage is not needed. An overage of 10 to 20 percent is necessary for unassigned parking to assure that the last driver in does not have to search the entire parking facility to find the last space, assuming that the number of spaces required could be calculated exactly. Because the demand for parking spaces cannot be precisely calculated, an overage is also neces- sary to assure that there are enough spaces to meet the demand. There are many reasons why overages are consistent with good de- sign practices. Experience, as reported in the literature on parking, has shown that the minimum recommended overage is 10 percent and the maximum is 20 percent. A complete survey of parking literature revealed no source indicating what the over- age should be for the various types of parking facilities. For this reason, several factors to be considered in determining parking overage are discussed below. For each factor, a recom- mendation is made as to what the implied overage is for this type project if only the one factor were being considered. After dis- cussing the several factors, an overall overage will be recom- mended. Factor 1: Parking Demand Fluctuation Over Time. Parking demand fluctuates by time of day, day of wee , and some- times month of year. For this project we have determined maximum demand by hour of day and day of week. Ile have ignored fluctuation from one month to the other. If this were a shopping center, obviously month of year (pre - Christmas shopping) would be important.. But for this pro- ject it is believed the parking demand will remain relatively constant from one month to the next. RECOMMENDATION - 10 PERCENT OVERAGE FOR THIS FACTOR since daily fluctuations are considered and monthly fluctuations are small. Factor 2: Random Parking Demand Fluctuation. This .fluctu- ation is different than Factor 1. This factor assumes the average maximum demand is known but that the random fluctu- ations are not accounted. For a doctor's office with an average maximum demand of ten spaces, the overage should be 20 percent. This is because the probability of needing 20 percent extra spaces is much greater when the base number is small. On the other hand, if you have 100 spaces of average maximum demand, the probability of filling 120 spaces is remote. A parallel statistical analogy is that the probability of flipping two heads in three tosses is fairly high. But the probability of flipping 200 heads in 300 tosses is remote. This factor would also account for random fluctuations in occupancy. RECOMMENDATION - 10 PER- CENT OVERAGE FOR THIS FACTOR since the number of parking spaces is relatively high for projects exceeding 100 units. 0 I Factor 3: Intuiti rec ledge of P)ho at a— n"�`�'a iop know where the empty spaces are likel from the door. But in a condominium one obvious place to find an empty sp RECOMMENDATION - 20 PERCENT OVERAGE F vacant spaces are difficult to locate the parking area is full. Are. ping center we aii y to be, i.e, furthest situation, there is no ace when one needs one. OR THIS FACTOR since in a condominium when Factor 4: Walking Distance. Because the demand for spaces is somew at non:unx orm t roughout the grounds of a condo- minium, with a smaller overage the maximum walking distance will increase. For the developments in this survey, most of the vacant uncovered spaces were concentrated in just one area (a result of non -uniform demands) and the result is a long maximum walking distance between parking space and dwelling when the parking areas are relatively full. RECOMMENDATION - 20 PERCENT OVERAGE FOR THIS FACTOR since the parking supply will not be perfectly distributed in concert with the demand. Factor 5: Security. A longer walking distance increases the exposure to street crime, particularly at night. RECOMMENDATION - 20 PERCENT OVERAGE FOR THIS FACTOR since walking distances can be excessive without sufficient vacant spaces. Factor 6: Economics. In this day of high home prices, high inflation rates, and a shortage of affordable housing, a cost savings in development costs is desirable when feasible. RECOMMENDATION - 10 PERCENT OVERAGE FOR THIS FACTOR since additional parking requires additional land and higher home prices. Composite Factor. Six factors have been discussed above. Three factors have a recommendation of a 10 percent over- age, and the other three have a recommendation of a 20 percent overage. A composite overage of 15 percent is recommended. Using a parking overage of 15 percent, then 1.15 parking spaces of supply should be provided for each parking space of demand. 10 1 J 'I Assigned Versus Unassigned Parking Spaces The total parking spaces of supply which are required to accommo- date the demand is 1.15 spaces of supply per space of demand, which provides the 15 percent overage. This assumes that all spaces are unassigned. When spaces are assigned, the 15 percent overage is not needed; however, any given space is usable only by the person to whom it is assigned. If the person to whom it is assigned is not using the space, it is unusable by anyone else. An assigned space is used only 74 percent of the time during peak parking demand periods of time. Table 5 displays the maximum proportion of assigned spaces which are used at any point in time at the 14 survey sites. It will be noted that for the sample of 14 developments, the mini- mum occupancy of assigned spaces is 57 percent, the maximum occu- pancy is 88 percent, and the average occupancy is 74 percent. What the 74 percent occupancy really means is that to serve 74 cars, during peak parking demand periods, 100 spaces are needed. Or, 1.35 spaces of supply are needed for each space of demand (100 spaces of supply divided by 74 vehicles parked). If 1.35 spaces of supply are needed per space of demand for assigned spaces, and only 1.15 spaces of supply are needed per space of demand for unassigned space, then 1.17 unassigned spaces of supply is equivalent to 1.00 assigned spaces of supply (1.35 divided by 1.15). Recommended Parking Formula In this analysis parking demand was correlated to number of dwell- ings, total residential floor area, and total bedrooms. Table 6 displays the results. To determine recommended parking formula based on dwellings, floor area, and bedrooms, Table 7 was created. The first two row entries are mean and standard deviation. The third entry is the maximum expected mean parking demand, which can be expected with 95 per- cent confidence. it is the third row entry which is used to de- termine the parking formulas. Remembering that the parking supply should exceed parking demand by 15 percent and remembering that 1.00 unassigned spaces is equiva- lent to 1.19 assigned spaces, then total parking supply can be cal- culated. The parking formula based on floor area is calculated as follows: 11 Table 6 PARKING DEMAND BY DEVELOPMENT Vehicles Parked Per: Sample Thousand Number Sq. Ft. of Dwelling Floor Area Bedroom 1 1.40 1.53 0.74 2 1.13 1.33 0.90 3 1.31 1.41 0.67 4 1.24 1.76 1.03 5 1.17 1.21 0.67 6 7 1.03 1.25 0.79 8 0.98 1.19 0.69 9 1.37 - - 10 1.19 1.54 0.91 11 1.03 1.57 0.80 12 1.61 1.52 0.62 13 1.53 1.58 0.68 14 1.52 1.51 0.76 15 1.18 - - Average 1.20 1.45 0.77 Low 0.98 1.19 0.62 High 1.61 1.76 1.03 Std. Deviation 0.20 0.17 0.12 * Sample rejected because of inconsistencies. 12 C 1 1 1 Table 7 PARKING DEMAND ANALYSIS Parking Spaces of Demand Per Per 1000 Per Descriptor Dwellings Square Feet Bedrooms (Total) (Total) (Total) Mean Parking Demand 1.26 1.45 0.77 Standard Deviation of Demand 0.20 0.17 0.12 Maximum Expected Mean Park- ing Demand (95 Percent Confidence)1 1.35 1.53 0.83 Standard Deviation Divided by Average 0.160 0.117 0.156 Variability Ranking 2 3 1 2 1 The Maximum Expected Mean Parking Demand is determined with 95 percent confidence by adding 1.761 divided by the sauare root of 14 standard deviations to the mean. The number 1.761 is the t-value which is the number of standard deviations needed to be added to obtain 95 percent confidence that the maximum demand will not be exceeded, assuming a samply of size of 14. 2 The Variability Ranking is lowest and most desirable for the variable (dwellings, thousand square feet, or bedrooms) which has the lowest standard deviation divided by mean ratio. 13 PS = 1.53 x 1.15 x TSF + 0.17 x AS, or rewriting , PS = 1.76 x TSF + 0.17 x A5 The other two formula for dwellings and bedrooms are as follows: , 1 P5 = 1.55 X DU + 0.17 X AS, or PS = 0.95 X BR + 0.17 X AS, where PS = Parking supply (Total) , TSF = Thousand square Feet of Residential Floor Area (Total) DU = Dwelling Units (Total) ' BR - Bedrooms (Total AS = Assigned Spaces indepen- The last row of Table 7 shows the variability of the three dent variables. The best parameter is floor area measured in thou- sand square feet, the second best is bedrooms, and dwellings is third best. it is recommended that the formula based on floor area t be used. 1 Comparison of County Parking Code to Recommended Formula The average dwelling in the survey had 1.66 bedrooms and 884 square feet. If the recommended parking supply per dwelling ' is calculated, assuming one space is assigned, the results are as follows: ' Based on County Code - 2.03 Based on Dwelling Unit Formula - 1.72 Based on Thousand Square Feet Formula - 1.73 ' Based on Bedroom Formula - 1.75 Comparison of the recommended parking supply per dwelling as , calculated above reveals that the County parking code is re- quiring approximately 15 percent more parking spaces than is necessary. , 14 , ' APPENDIX A PARKING SURVEY SITE SUMMARY SHEETS PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NU14BER 1 PROJECT NAME Aliso•Creek Villas LOCATION E1 Toro Road and Muirlands Road rTTV E1 Toro _ SITE AREA (NET) 20.2 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 392 DENSITY (NET) 19.4 TYPE Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT 'SUMMARY Plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet Per Dwelling Total Per Dwelling Total A 100 1 100 692 60900 B 32 2 64 943 C 68 2 136 D 132 28568 E 60 3 116 Total 392 - _ 358448 Average - 1.90 - 914.41 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 481 B. Unassigned Spaces 332 C. Total Spaces 813 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.23 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.12 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 2.07 SAMPLE NUMBER 1 (continued) 111. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY Assigned Unassigned Total A. Mid -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 363 - Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces 179 Vehicles Parked On -Street 2 Vehicles Illegally Parked 5 Total Parked Vehicles 363 186 B. Weekend Evening Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces Vehicles Parked On -Street Vehicles Illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND Midi -Week Ratio Weekend Evening Ratio 255 255 0.93 1.01 0.49 168 0 2 170 0.47 0.52 0.25 363 179 2 5 549 255 168 0 2 425 1.40 1.53 0.74 0.65 0.43 1.08 0.71 0.48 1.19 0.34 0.23 0.57 1.33 1.78 1.48 1.89 1.95 1.91 VI. VII. SAMPLE NUMBER l(continued) PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces Uncovered SpaceF Nearest Transit Approximate Dist VIII. COMMENTS 9'x 17'(+ front overhang); compa6t:8 1/2'x 18' o�., iti�ta. noorhanal- rmmnact:8 1/2' x 12' PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NU14BER' 2 PROJECT NAME Villa'Warner LOCATION Warner and Edwards CITY Huntington Beach SITE'AREA (NET) 10.•8 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 256 DENSITY (NET) 23.7 TYPE 3 Story OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet per Dwelling Total per Dwelling Total A 96 1 96 755 72480 B 96 1 96 762 73152 C 64 2 128 1112 71168 Total 256 - - 21680 Average - 1.25 - j 84688 II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 380 B. Unassigned Spaces 27 C. Total Spaces 407 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.48 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.10 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.59 SAMPLE NUMBER 2 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY A. Mid -Week Late Night Assigned Unassigned Total Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 212 212 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces 51 - 51 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 25 25 Vehicles illegally Parked 0 0 0 Total Parked Vehicles 263 25 288 B. Weekend Evening Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 126 - 126 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces 29 - 29 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 24 24 Vehicles Illegally Parked 0 0 0 Total Parked Vehicles 155 24 179 IV, PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 1.03 0.10 1.13 Thousand Square Peet of Floor 1.21 0.12 1.33 Bedroom 0.82 0.08 0.90 B, Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.61 0.09 0.70 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.72 0.11 0.83 Bedroom 0.48 0.08 0.56 V. PARKING SUP_P_TjY PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1.44 1.08 1.41 Weekend Evening Ratio 2.45 1.13 2.27 VI. SAMPLE NUMBER 2 (continued) PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 9 1/2'x 20' Uncovered Spaces 9' x 20' VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location Approximate Distance Warner and Edwards 500 Feet VIII. COMMENTS I The development has security gates. All on -site parking is within the security gates and is assigned. PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NUMBER 3 PROJECT NAME South Coast Villas LOCATION Bristol and MacArthur CITY Santa Ana SITE AREA (NET) ll.8 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 304 DENSITY (NET) 25.8 TYPE Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet per Dwelling Total Per Dwelling Total A 68 1 68 710 4828 B 76 2 152 900 68400 C 104 2 208 966 L00464 D 56 3' 168 1160 64960 Total 304 - 596 - 82104 Average - 1.96 - 927.97 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 317 B. Unassigned Spaces 203 C. Total Spaces 520 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.04 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.67 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.71 SAMPLE NUMBER 3 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY A. Mid -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces Vehicles Parked On -Street Vehicles Illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles B. Weekend Evening Assigned Unassigned Total 220 - 220 - 138 138 - 40 40 - 0 0 220 178 398 Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 162 - 162 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 121 121 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 35 35 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 2 2 Total Parked Vehicles 162 158 320 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.72 0159 1.31 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.78 0.63 1.41 Bedroom 0.37 0.30 0.67 B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.53 0.52 1.05 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.57 0.56 1.13 Bedroom 0.27 0.27 0.54 V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1.44 1.14 1.31 Weekend Evening Ratio 1.96 1.28 1.63 VI VII. SAMPLE NUMBER 3 (continued) PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 9 1/2'x 20' (2 car), 9'x 20' (3 car) Uncovered Spaces 9'x 19 1/21, Compact 8'x 19' Nearest Transit Stop Location Mac•Arhtur and Br;s+a1 Approximate Distance 1,,100 Feet VIII. COMMENTS PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NUMBER' 4 PROJECT NAME Bristol Place LOCATION Warnei and Bristol CITY Santa Ana SITE AREA (NET) 3 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 80 DENSITY (NET) 26.7 TYPE Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet per Dwelling Total per Dwellinq Total A 64 1 64 672 43008 B 16 2 32 896 14335 Total 80 - 96 - 56344 Average - 1.20 - 716.80 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 85 B. Unassigned Spaces 46 C. Total Spaces 131 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.06 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.56 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.64 SAMPLE NUMBER 4 III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY A. Mid -Week Late Night (continued) Assigned Unassigned Total Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 64 - 64 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces 33 33 Vehicles Parked On -Street 2 2 Vehicles Illegally Parked ' 0 0 Total Parked Vehicles 64 35 99 B. Weekend Evening Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 47 - 47 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 24 24 Vehicles Parked On -Street 4 4 Vehicles illegally Parked ' 0 0 Total Parked Vehicles 47 28 75 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.80 0.44 1.24 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 1.14 0.62 1.76 Bedroom 0.67 0.36 1.03 B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.59 0.35 0.94 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.83 0.50 1.33 Bedroom 0.49 0.29 0.78 V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1.33 1.31 1.32 Weekend Evening Ratio 1.81 1.64 1.75 VI. VII SAMPLE NUMBER 4 (continued) PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 9'x 20' (3' overhang) Uncovered Spaces 9'x 20' Nearest Transit Stop Location Bristol and Warner Approximate Distance 200 Feet VIII. COMMENTS PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NUMBER' S PROJECT NAME Regency Villas LOCATION 17th Street and King CITY Santa Ana SITE AREA (NET) 7.34 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 124 DENSITY (NET) 16.9 TYPE Single Story Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY Ian Designation Number of Units Bedrooms square Feet Per Dwelling Total Per Dwellinq Total A 32 1 32 800 25600 g 92 2 184 1024 94208 Total 124 - 216 - 19808 Average - 1.74 - 966 1 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 124 B. Unassigned Spaces 82 C. Total Spaces 206 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.00 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.66 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.66 SAMPLE NUMBER 5 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY A. Mid -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces Vehicles Parked On -Street Vehicles illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles B. Weekend Evening Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces Vehicles Parked On -Street Vehicles Illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom Assigned Unassigned Total ' 88 - 88 79 79 0.71 0.73 0.41 0.64 0.66 0.37 49 0 8 57 35 0 14 49 0.46 0.48 0.26 0.40 0.41 0.23 V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING_ DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1.41 1.44 Weekend Evening Ratio 1.57 1.67 T 49 0 8 145 35 0 14 128 1.03 1.07 0.59 1.42 1.61 SAMPLE NUMBER 5 (continued) VI. PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 10'x 19 1/2' Uncovered Spaces 9'x 19' VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location Approximate Distance VIII. COMMENTS 17th Street and King 700 Feet PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NU14BER • 6 PROJECT NAME Park Orleans LOCATION Glassel and Garden Grove Freeway CITY Orange SITE AREA (NET) 4.58 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 112 DENSITY (NET) 24.4 TYPE Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms square Feet Per Dwelling Total Per Dwelling Total A 8 Bachelor 8 430 3440 B 60 1 60 630 37800 C 44 2 88 940 41360 Total 112 - 156 - 82600 Average - 1.39 -j 737.50 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 112* 67 B. Unassigned Spaces C. Total Spaces 179 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.00 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.60 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.60 * Includes 14 single car enclosed garages. 1 SAMPLE NUMBER 6 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY Assigned Unassigned Total A. Mid -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 51 - 51 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 46 46 , Vehicles Parked On -Street - I 1 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 0 0 ' Total barked Vehicles 51 47 98 ' B. Weekend Evening Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 42 42 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 37 37 ' Vehicles Parked On -Street - 1 1 ' 1 0 0 Vehicles Illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles 42 38 80 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night ' Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.552 0.48 1.00 Thousand Square Feet of Floor* 0.73 0.68 1.41 ' Bedroom " 0.40 0.37 0.77 , B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: , Dwelling 0.43 0.39 0.82 Thousand Square Feet of Floor* 0.61 0.55 1.15 Bedroom * 0.33 0.30 0.63 , V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND ' Mid -Week Ratio 1.92 1.43 1.68 _ Weekend Evening Ratio 2.33 1.76 2.06 ' SAMPLE NUMBER 6 (continued) VI. PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 9'x 19 1/2' Uncovered Spaces 9'x 19 1/2' VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location Glassel and LaVeta Approximate Distance 200 Feet VIII. COMMENTS * Units and square footage for 14 units with sinqle car enclosed garages has been adjusted from the data base for calculations. PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NUMBER 7 PROJECT NAME Woodlake Village LOCATION• Lambert and Idaho CITY La Habra SITE AREA (NET) 7.87 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 181 DENSITY (NET) 23.0 TYPE Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY Plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet Per Dwellinq Total per Dwellinq Total A 40 1 40 656 - 70Q 27120 B 88 1 88 701 '- 834 67540 C 53 2 106 12 -1114 53689 Total 181 - 234 - 14834 Average - 1.29 - 819.61 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 190 B. Unassigned Spaces 73 C. Total Spaces 263 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.05 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.40 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.45 SAMPLE NUMBER 7 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY A. Mid -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces Vehicles Parked On -Street Vehicles Illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles B. Weekend Evenin Assigned Unassigned Total ' 129 - �-- 45 10 2 129 57 Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 112 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces Vehicles Parked On -Street Vehicles Illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles 112 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom V, PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio Weekend Evening Ratio 0.71 0.87 0.55 0.62 0.75 0.48 1.47 1.70 39 8 2 49 0.31 0.38 0.24 0.27 0.33 0.21 1.28 1.49 129 45 , 10 2 ' 186 112 39 8 2 161 1.03 1.25 0.79 0.89 1.09 0.69 1.41 1.63 SAMPLE NUMBER 7 (continued) VI. PARKING STALL SIZE ' Covered Spaces 10'x 20' Uncovered Spaces 9'x 18' + sidewalk overhang VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location Lambert and Idaho Approximate Distance 200 Feet ' VIII. COP]MENTS PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NUMBER 8 PROJECT NAME Village Homes LOCATION Newport Avenue and Irvine Boulevard CITY Tustin SITE AREA (NET) 5.47 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 124 DENSITY (NET) 22.67 TYPE Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet Per Dwelling Total Per Dwelling Total 1 72 1 72 730 52560 2 52 2 104 940 48880 Total 124 - 176 - 10144 Average - 1.42 - 818.06 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 124 124 B. Unassigned Spaces 248 C. Total Spaces D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.00 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.00 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 2.00 SAMPLE NUMBER 8 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY Assigned Unassigned Total A. Mid -Week Late Night ' Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 93 - 93 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 36 36 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 2 2 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 0 0 ' Total Parked Vehicles 93 38 121 B. Weekend Evening Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 69 - 69 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 23 23 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 1 1 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 0 0 Total Parked Vehicles 69 24 93 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.75 0.31 0.98 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.92 0.37 1.19 Bedroom 0.53 0.22 0.69 B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.56 0.19 0.75 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.68 0.24 0.92 Bedroom 0.39 0.14 0.53 V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1.33 3.26 2.05 Weekend Evening Ratio 1.80 5.17 2.67 VI. VII SAMPLE NUMBER 8 (continued) PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 10'x 20' Uncovered Spaces 9'x 17' Compact: 7 1/2'x 17' Nearest Transit Stop Location Approximate Distance VIII. COMME 37 c exc] Newport Avenue and Holt Avenue 900 Feet PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NUMBER' 9 PROJECT NAME San Souci LOCATION Newport Avenue and Mitchel CITY Tustin SITE AREA (NET) NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 30 DENSITY (NET) TYPE Single Story OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY Plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet Per Dwelling Total per Dwelling Total Total 30 - - Average - - - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 60 B. Unassigned Spaces 30 C. Total Spaces 90 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 2.00 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.00 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 3.00 SAMPLE NUMBER 9 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY Assigned Unassigned Total ' A. Mid -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 31 - 31 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 5 5 , Vehicles Parked On -Street - 0 0 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 0 0 Total Parked Vehicles 31 5 36 B. Weekend Evening Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 34 - 34 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 7 7 Vehicles Parked On -Street 0 0 Vehicles Illegally Parked 0 0 Total Parked Vehicles 34 7 41 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 1.03 0.17 1.20 Thousand Square Feet of Floor NA NA NA Bedroom NA NA NA B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 1.13 0.23 1.37 Thousand Square Feet of Floor NA NA NA Bedroom NA NA NA V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1.94 6.00 2.50 Weekend Evening Ratio 1.76 4.29 2.20 SAMPLE NUMBER 9 (continued) VI. PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 10'x 19 1/2' Uncovered Spaces 9'x 18 1/2' VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location Approximate Distance VIII. COMMENTS Newport Avenue and Mitchell 700 feet PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NUMBER' 10 PROJECT NAME Presley Orangetree LOCATION Orangetree and Orangeblossom CITY Irvine SITE AREA (NET) 20.64 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 421 DENSITY (NET) 20.4 TYPE Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY Plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet per Dwellinq Totalling Total 1 55 Eff 55 28160 2 55 Eff 55 34925 3 91 1 91 65247 4 91 1 91 833 - 75803 5 92 2 184 928 85376 6 37 2 74 994 36778 Total 421 - - 32628 Average - 1.31 - 775.03 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces B. Unassigned Spaces C. Total Spaces D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 422 205 627 1.00 0.49 1.49 11 SAMPLE NUMBER 10 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY A. Mid -Week Late bight Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces Vehicles Parked On -Street Vehicles Illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles B. Weekend Evenin Assigned Unassigned Total 336 146 12 9 336 167 11 11 336 '146 12 9 ' 503 Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 290 - 290 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 151 151 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 31 31 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 24 24 Total Parked Vehicles 290 206 496 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid --Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom 0.80 1.03 0.61 0.69 0.89 0.53 0.40 0.51 0.30 0.49 0.63 0.37 1.18 1.52 0.90 V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1.26 1.23 1.25 Weekend Evening Ratio 1.46 0.99 1.26 SAMPLE NUMBER 10 (continued) VI. PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 9'x 19' Uncovered Spaces 10'x 19' Compact: 8 1/2'x 15' VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location Orangetree and Irvine Center Drive Approximate Distance 700 feet VIII. COMMENTS . PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NUMBER 11 PROJECT NAME The Springs LOCATION Park Place and Yale nTrPV Irvine SITE AREA (NET) 13.91 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 356 DENSITY (NET) 25.6 MVDF. Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY lan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet Per Dwelling Total Per Dwellinq Total 1 44 Eff 44 471 2 72 2 44 Eff 44 457 2 108 3 8 1 82 674 55268 4 82 1 82 660 5412 5 28 2 56 867 24276 6 28 2 56 853 23884 7 24 2 48 949 22776 8 24 2 48 935 2 Total 356 - 460 - Ej- Average - 1.29 - 684.26 II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 356 B. Unassigned Spaces 161 C. Total Spaces 517 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.00 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.45 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.45 SAMPLE NUMBER 11 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY A. Mid -Week Late Night Assigned Unassigned Total Vehicles Parked in covered Spaces 225 - 225 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 102 102 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 31 31 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 8 8 Total Parked Vehicles 225 141 366 B. Weekend Evening Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 212 - 212 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 108 108 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 38 38 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 10 10 Total Parked Vehicles 212 156 368 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.63 0.40 1.03 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.96 0.60 1.56 Bedroom 0.49 0.31 0680 B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.60 0.44 1.03 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.90 0.66 1.57 Bedroom 0.46 0.34 0.00 V. PARKING SUPPT.,Y PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1.58 1.14 1.41 Weekend Evening Ratio 1.688 J. 1.40 VI. SAMPLE NUMBER 11 (continued) PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 9'x 18' Uncovered Spaces 9'x 18' VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location Approximate Distance VIII. COMMENTS Irvine Boulevard and Culver 4,800 feet PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NUMBER' 12 PROJECT NAME Village Green lE and 1F LOCATION Woodbridge CITY Irvine SITE AREA (NET) 5.27 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 106 DENSITY (NET) 20.1 TYPE Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet per . Dwellinq Total per Dwellinq Total 1 40 2 80 955 38200 2 66 3 198 1126 74316 Total inr - 278 - ll251 Average - 2.62 - 1061.47 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces B. Unassigned Spaces C. Total Spaces D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 123 229 1.00 1.16 2.16 SAMPLE NUMBER 12 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY Assigned Unassigned Total ' A. Mid -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 93 - 93 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 45 45 , Vehicles Parked On -Street - 31 31 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 2 2 ' Total Parked Vehicles 93 78 171 ' B. Weekend Evening Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 90 - 90 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 46 46 ' vehicles Parked On -Street - 30 1 30 1 r Vehicles illegally Parked - Total Parked Vehicles 90 77 167 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom V. PARKING SUPPT�Y PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio Weekend Evening Ratio 0.88 0.74 1.61 0.83 0.69 1.52 ' 0.33 0.28 0.62 0.85 0.73 1.58 0.80 0.68 1.48 ' 0.60 0.28 0.32 _ 1.14 1.58 1.34 1.18 1.60 1.37 ' SAMPLE NUMBER 12 (continued) VI. PARKING STALL SIZE ' Covered Spaces 9'x 17' (+ 2' front overhang) Uncovered Spaces 91x 18' VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location Woodspring and Yale Approximate Distance 400 feet Alderwood and Yale (1,600 feet) ' VIII. COMMENTS PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NU14BER 13 PROJECT NAME Woodside Village LOCATION Sunflower and Greenville CITY Santa Ana SITE AREA (NET) 18.22 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 399 DENSITY (NET) 21.9 TYPE Flat on Flat OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet per Dwellinq Total per Dwelling Total 1 39 1 39 782 30498 2 227 2 454 901 0452 3 91 3 273 1120 101920 4 42 3 126 1190 49980 Total 399 - 892 386925 Average - 2.24 - 969.74 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 399 B. Unassigned Spaces 330 C. Total Spaces 729 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.00 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.83 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.83 SAMPLE NUMBER 13 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY A. Mid -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces Vehicles Parked On -Street Vehicles Illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles B. Weekend Evening Assigned Unassigned Total 322 - 322 - 254 254 _ 0 0 - 34 34 322 288 610 Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 232 232 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 254 254 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 47 47 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 0 0 Total Parked Vehicles 232 301 533 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.81 0.72 1.53 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.83 0.74 1.58 Bedroom 0.36 0.32 0.68 B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per; Dwelling 0.58 0.75 1.34 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.60 0.78 1.38 Bedroom 0.26 0.34 0.60 V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1-24 1.15 1.20 Weekend Evening Ratio 1.72 1.10 1.37 VI. VII. SAMPLE NUMBER 13(continued) PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 9'x 20' Uncovered Spaces 9'x 18' (plus overhang); 10'x 20' Nearest Transit Stop Location Sunflower and Smalley Approximate Distance 200 Feet VIII. COMMENTS PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NU14BER 14 PROJECT NAME Villa Vallerto LOCATION Newport Avenue and Mitchell CITY Tustin SITE AREA (NET) 7.92 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 118 DENSITY (NET) 14.9 TYPE Flat on Flat and Townhouse OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet Per Dwellinq Total Per Dwellinq Total 1 19 2 38 900 17100 2 12 2 24 950 11400 3 21 2 43 1014 21294 4 12 2- 24 1041 12492 5 18 2 36 1172 21096 6 24 3 72 1454 34896 Total 118 - - 11827 Average - 2.01 - 1002.36 - II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 160 104 B. Unassigned Spaces 264 C. Total Spaces D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.36 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.88 2.24 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit SAMPLE NUMBER 14 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY A. Midi -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces Vehicles Parked On -Street Vehicles Illegally Parked Total Parked Vehicles B. Weekend Evening Assigned_ Unassigned Total 132 - 132 d5 AS 0 0 2 2 132 47 179 Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 114 - 114 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces - 53 53 Vehicles Parked On -Street - 0 0 Vehicles Illegally Parked - 2� 2 Total Parked Vehicles 114 55 169 IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Niqht Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 1.12 0.40 1.52 Thousand Square Peet of Floor 1.12 0.40 1.51 Bedroom 0.56 0.20 0.76 B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.97 0.47 1.43 Thousand Square Feet of Floor 0.96 .46 1.43 Bedroom 0.48 0.23 0.71 V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND Mid -Week Ratio 1.21 2.21 1.47 Weekend Evening Ratio 1.40 1.89 1.56 VI. SAMPLE NUMBER 14 (continued) PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 10'x 20' Uncovered Spaces 9'x 20' VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location VII Newport Avenue and Mitchell PARKING SURVEY SAMPLE NU14BER 15 PROJECT NAME North Sherry LOCATION 17th Street and North Sherry CITY Santa Ana SITE AREA (NET) 9.92 Acres NUMBER OF DWELLINGS 120 DENSITY (NET) 12.1 TYPE Single Story OWNERSHIP STATUS Condominiums I. UNIT SUMMARY Plan Designation Number of Units Bedrooms Square Feet Per Dwelling Total Per Dwelling Total Total 120 - - Average II. PARKING SUPPLY A. Assigned Spaces 120 B. Unassigned Spaces 72 C. Total Spaces .192 D. Assigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.00 E. Unassigned Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 0.60 F. Total Spaces Per Dwelling Unit 1.60 SAMPLE NUMBER 15 (continued) III. PARKING DEMAND SUMMARY Assiqned Unassigned _ Total A. Mid -Week Late Night Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 103 - 103 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered spaces - 34 34 , Vehicles Parked On -Street - 4 4 Vehicles Illegally Parked - _ ' Total Parked Vehicles 103 38 141 B. Weekend Eveninq Vehicles Parked in Covered Spaces 97 - 97 Vehicles Parked in Uncovered Spaces __ _ `31 31 ' Vehicles Parked On -Street - Vehicles Illegally Parked _ Total Parked Vehicles 97 31 128 — — IV. PARKING DEMAND RATIOS A. Mid -Week Late Night ' Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.86 0.32 1.18 Thousand Square Feet of Floor - ' Bedroom �T ' B. Weekend Evening Total Vehicles Parked Per: Dwelling 0.81 _ 0.26 1.07 Thousand Square Feet of Floor Bedroom - - V. PARKING SUPPLY PARKING DEMAND ' Mid -Week Ratio 1,17 1.89 1.36 Weekend Evening Ratio _ 1.24 2.32 1.50 _ I 1 11 VI. SAMPLE NUMBER 15 (continued) PARKING STALL SIZE Covered Spaces 91x 19' Uncovered Spaces 9'x 20' VII. Nearest Transit Stop Location Approximate Distance VIII. COMMENTS 17th Street and Maybury 1,500 feet MUNICIPAL PARKING STANDARDS for EIGHTY-ONE SELECTED CALIFORNIA CITIES y iV 11 n A International Parking Design, Inc. SUITE 200, 14652 VENTURA BOULEVARD. SHERMAN OAKS, CALIFORNIA 91403 • (213) Z72-1461 • (2131 9864494 ON FARI:ISG STANDARDS The foZZowing municipal parking standards for the nwrber of parking --paces required, and the corresponding design georatrics, =,,.piled in late M2 and early 198v, represent inforration available at that time. In anticipation of possible changes occurring during and since the survey period, it is reco'.ended tvzt all inform,xtion be verified prior to reuse. This data represent-, legal mi.r = space require- mants for the Zicted cities. The requirmentc are generally applied as blanket coverage over an entire city, however, in :cme cares the rcTAire- rents are modified for a redveZep-ent area or central business district. Ear, Francisco and Oakland do not rcqu^:re that any parking spaces be provided in the downtown areas. Los Angeles employs a reduced parking space deT.ard factor in the dewntczwn business, district for cor.merciaZ development. Soma cities aZtoa a reduction of required parking spaces based on the "shared parking concept" if supported by a cemprahencive daTzmd ctudy that outlimc space usage by hour of day and day of week. Considerable variance of staZZ/aisle geometric requirements continues to exist between codes ,. .c despite the fact that the automobiles across the state are the came eise with only the s,aZZ rar/ large car ratio varying with locale. The need for a national parking standard has never been grsator: o o PARKING SPACES REQUIRED - SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES �m of k0. m o` a a 2 o y o C y F 1 ALHAMBRA 1/250 to 1/400 1/Unit 1/500 1/500 1/250 1/3 Beds 1/4 Seats 1/6 Seats 2 Covered I-Clovered1 2500 or 1/60 or 1/45 1-Uncovered 1/400 Above 2 ANAHEIM 1/250 1/250 to 1/Unit 1/500 or 1/1000 1/167 or 1/1000 1/125 1/35 2 Enclosed 11 I} 1} 2y 2000 S.F. 1/2 Employe 3/Office 1/200 to 20,000 S.F. 3 BAKERSFIELD 1/200 1/300 5 1/Unit 1/500 1/1000 1/100 I/Bed 1/100 1/5 Seats 2/Unit 11+ 11+ 2+ 2+ Space Min. 1/300 for 1/300 for 1/300 For or 1/35 1/3 1/3 1/3 1/3 Office Area Office Area Office Area Guest Guest Guest Guest 4 BALDWIN PARK 2+1/200 2+1/200 2+1/Unit 1/500 1/1000 2+1/150 2/Bed 2+1/100 1/3 Seat 2 Enclosed 2+1 2+} 2+1 2+1 to 5000 Kitchen + or 1/35 Guest Guest Guest Guest 1/300 1/35 Eating Over 5000 5 BELLFLOWER 1/300 1/300 1}/Iln it 1/500 1/500 1/300 1/Bed + 1/300 1/71 Seats 2 Enclosed 2 Enclosed 1/Max no Alcohol } Open Employ. 1/45 6 BELL GARDENS 1/300 1/400 1/Unit 1/500 1/500 1/200 1}/Bed 1/3 Seats 1/3 Seats 2 2 2 2 2 2/Unit I -Enclosed w/Kitchen 7 BEVERLY HILLS 1/350 1/350 I/Unit(100) 1/500 1/1500 1/350 1/500 1/45 to 1/4 Seats 2/Unit 2 2 2} 3 3/4/Unit 9000 - (100-200) 1/65 9000+ }/Unit(200+) 8 BUENA PARK 4/1000 5/1000 14/Unit to 1/2500 or 1/2500 or 8/1000 1/1000 or 10/1000 1/5 Seats 2 Enclosed 1 3/4/Unit 2/Unit 40 Units 1/Employee 1/Employee 1/Bed then 1/Unit 9 BURBANK 1/500 to 1/500 to 1/Unit 1/500 1/1000 1/500 to 1/Bed 1/150 1/10 Seats 50,000 3,000 then 50.00Othen and 1/60 Then 3/1000 1/300 3/1000 10 CLAREMONT 1/250 1/350 1/Unit 1/400 1/1000 1/250 1 3/4/Bed 1/3 1/3 Seats 2 Covered 1 1/3 1 1/3 11+} 11+1 Occupants 2 Uncovered International Parking Design, Inc. Parking Consultants Fag it -COMMERCE 12 COMPTON 13 COSTA MESA 14 CULVER CITY 15 DOWNEY % EL MONTE 17 FULLERTON 18 GLENDALE 19 HAWTHORNE 20 HERMOSA BEACH 21 HUNTINGTON BEACH 22 HUNTINGTON PARK 23 INGLEWOOD 2 International wm PARKING SPACES REQUIRED - SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES Co' 1� y Jy ecay Same as Manufac. 4/1000 1/250 1/350 1/250 4/1000 1/333 I NDO 1/300 1/300 1/400 1/300 Parking De 1/400 1/Unit I Same as Manufac. 4/1000 1/250 1/225 1/250 4/1000 + Man. 1/Unit 1/2 Units + 10/1000 1/2 Units 1 1/5/Unit 1/Unit + 2 1/Unit + 1/10 Units for R.V.s 1/250 I1/Unit 2/800 to i/Bed 800 then 1/800 1/300 I/Unit + 2 for Manager 1/200 1/Unit + 1/Employee 1/400 1/Unit 1/275 2 Spaces + 1/Unit sign, Inc. . Pon WOOD 1/2000 1=/300 1-S.F. Area Parking for 1-S.F. Ground Floor Area plus 1/3 S.F. Above Ground 3/1000 3/1000 6/1000 6 Min. 1/50D 1/250 1/50D 1/1000 1/250 1/250 1/250 1/250 Sliding Scale above 3,000 1/800 1/2000 51/1000 1/1000 1/1000 1/200 1/1000 or WOOD or 1/400 1/2 Employ. 1/2 Employ. 1/500 1/500 1/300 1/500 I/IODO 1/120 1/800 or 1/800 or 1/100 1/2 Employ. 1/2 Employ. 1/500 1/1500 1/200 ing consuBants Reviewed 1/4 Seats For Expected Load 1/2 Beds Same as 1}/Bed 1/3 Beds I/1000 I/Bed 1/3 2/Bed 1/Bed 10/1000 to 3000 then 20/1000 1/5 Seats 1/75 1/3 Seats 1/250 10/1000 1/100 1/100 to 4000 then 1150 1/Bed 1/5 Seats or 1/35 1}/Bed I/100 I/Bed 11/150 12 Garage 1 14 11 1 21 1 21 1/3 Seats 2 Enclosed or 1/40 1/3 Seats 1/35 1/5 Seats 2 Covered 1/35 1/3 Seats 2 Enclosed 1/10 Seats 2 Garage 1/3 Seats or 1/35 1/10 Seats 1/4 Seats 2 to 800 then 1/10 Seats 1/75 2 1/35 1/10 Seats 1 1/3 or I/1DO 1/35 2 2 24 2 # 1/311 1/3 2 2 0 0 o PARKING SPACES REQUIRED - SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES Vie' �� a z Q Qy A i H C N >a 24 LAGUNA BEACH 1/300 1/300 1/Unit + 1/500 1/500 1/300 I/Bed 1/4 Seats 1/5 Seats 2 11 lk 2 2 l/Each 15 or 1/60 1/35 Units 25 LAKEWOOD 1/250 1/25G 1/2 Units 1/500 or 1/1500 1/250 1#/Bed 1/3 Seats 1/3 Seats 2 Enclosed 2} 21 21 2} 1/2 Employ. 1/50 26 LONG BEACH 4/1000 to 5/1000 I/Unit 5/1000 1.2/Room 10/1000 1/3.3 Seats 2 1 I� 1} 2 20,000 No Small + 5/1000 for+ 25/1000 then 2/1000 Cars Offices waiting 27 LOS ANGELES 1/500 1/500 1/500 1/500 1/500 1/Z00 2/0ej 1/500 2 Enclosed 1 1 1 1} 28 LYNWOOD 1/300 1/100 I/Unit I/500 1/500 5/Doctor I/Bed 1/3 Seats 1/5 Seats 2 Enclosed 2 2 2 2 or or 1/300 1/50 29 MANHATTAN 1/300 1/200 to I/Unit to 1/400 1/800 1/200 2/Bed 1/100 to 1/5 Seats 2 Enclosed 2 2 2 2 BEACH 5000 then 6 then 4000 then to 800 then 1/300 1/2 Units 40+ 1/50 1/8 Seats 30 MONTCLAIR 1/250 1/70 1/Unit 1/500 to 30,000 then 1/160 1/2 Beds 1/6 Seats 1/6 Seats 2 Covered 14 14 14 2 1/650 to 50,000 then or 1/100 1/750 above 50,000 31 MONTEREY PARK 1/250 1/250 1/Unit 1/400 1/2500 1/200 2/Bed 1/100 to 1/3 Seats b 2 Enclosed 2 1/5 2 1/5 2 1/5 2 V5 4000 then 1/21 where 1/50 no Seats 32 NEWPORT BEACH 1/250 1/250 1/2 Units 1/2000 1/1000 to 1/250 1/Bed + 1/40 1/5 Seats 2 1# I} 1} 11 20,000 then 1/Employee I Enclosed 1/2000 33 NORWALK 1/250 1/250 1/Unit 1/500 5/Doctor 1/2 Beds I/100 1/5 Seats 2 Covered 2 2 2 2 or 6/1000 or 1/50 34 ORANGE 1/250 5/1000 to 1 + I/Unit 1/2 Employ. 1/800 1/200 1}/Bed WOO to 1/5 Seats 2 Enclosed 40,000 then 4000 then 6/1000 1/50 35 OXNARD 1/250 1/250 I/Unit + 1/500 1/1000 1/250 1/Bed 1/50 to 1/5 Seats 2 Enclosed 1 2 2 2 1/2 Employ. 2000 then or 1/35 1/200 International Parking Design, Inc. Parking ConsuBanrs 3 a PARKING SPACES REQUIRED - SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES P a,�L yN 4 L,OO Cc J U 0L 0L �i 36 PARAMOUNT 1/400 1/300 1/Unit 1/500 1/1000 to 1/300 2/Bed 1/5 Seats 1/5 Seats 2-1 Must 2L 2: 2, 24' 8000 then or 1/35 or 1/35 Be Covered 1/750 37 PASADENA 1/400 1/250 I/Unit 1/500 or 1/2500 1/250 II/Bed 1/4 Seats 1/5 Seats 2 Covered 2 2 2 2 1/2 Employ. or 1150 or I/35 38 Pico RIVERA 1/250 1/250 I/Unit 1/600 -- 1/250 -- -- 1/3 Seats 2 Covered 14 11 li li 39 POMONA 1/200 C-1 I.I/Unit I/500 1/2000 1/60 2 Enclosed 14 11 1 3/4 2 2 S.F.- O.S.P./ I GFA 40 REDONDO BEACH 1/300 1/250 1/Unit 1/500 or 1/1000 1/150 I/Bed 1/4 Seats 1/5 Seats 11 11 11 11 1/2 Employ. or 1/50 or 1/40 41 SAN FERNANDO 1/250 1/Unit 1/500 1/500 1/7 Seats 2 Covered 11 11 11 I} 42 SANTA ANA 1/300 1/150 1/5 Units 1/2 Employ. 1/1000 1/200 IL/Bed 1/2 Employ. 1/5 Seats 2 1 11 I} 1} to 5 then or 1/500 + 1/35 1/2 Units 43 SANTA FE 1/300 1/250 I/Unit + 1/500 1/500 5/Doctor 1 3/4/Bed 1/35 + 1/3 Seats 2 2 2 2 2 SPRINGS 4/2 Employ. + 1/Employ. 1/2 Employ. or I/35 44 SANTA MONICA 1/300 I/Unit to I/350 I/1000 1/2 Beds 1/5 Seats 1/4 Seats 2 Covered I-2 Based on 40 then or 1/75 or 1/80 Square footage 1/3 Unit 45 SOUTH GATE 1/200 1/200 to 1/Unit 1/300 or 1/1000 1/150 2/Bed 1/100 to 1/3 Seats 2 500D then 1/3 Employ. 4000 then to 800 then 1/150 1/50 1/5 Seats 46 SOUTH 1/250 1/400 1/Unit 1/2 Employ. 1/1000 1/250 2/Bed 1/100 to 1/6 Seats 2 Covered 2 2 2 2 PASADENA or 1/400 4000 then or 1/50 + 1 1/50 47 TORRANCE 1/300 1/200 1/400 I/1500 + 1/200 1/Bed 1/100 2 1/250 of Ofe. Area 48 TUSTIN 1/300 1/250 I/Unit 2/3 Employ. 2/3 Employ. 6/1000 -- 1/3 Seats 1/3 Seats 2 Garage 2 2 2 2 + I -Manager + 1/300 Kit. L Etc. 4 Intemational Parking Design, Inc. • Parking consuRards &19 a� ci 49 WEST COVINA 50 WESTMINSTER 51 WHITTIER PARKING SPACES REQUIRED - SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES ZU `� 0 QIh jh 0 h mh � ti M 1/300 1/250 1/Unit 1/2 Employ. 2/3 Employ. 1/150 ]I/Bed 1/31 Seats 1/4 Seats or 1/500 not less or 1/40 than 1/1000 1/200 1/200 2 + 1/Unit 1/400 1/1000 1/200 1/Bed 10 + 1/100 1/4 Seats 2 Garage 1/400 to 1/300 to 1/Unit to 1/500 1/1500 1/200 Conditional 1/100 to 1/5 Seats 2 5200 then 5000 then 6 then Use Permit 4000 then 1/250 1/200 1/3 units 1/50 2 2 2# 2 International Parking Design, Inc. • Parking ConsuBants 5 o o PARKING SPACES REQUIRED - NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES cu' 1 u rn � C ti u yG a .ZC `� �9E 4G y�� i+~ 40 0 r ZO i�C 3�0 rG0 `7Oy � 4C Cyy y CG O _ 52 BERKELEY 1/40o As determ- 1/3 Guests As deter." As determ- 1/300 1/4 Beds + 1/30D As determ- 1/Unit 1/1000 1/1000 or 1/2 ined by + 1/3 Empl ined by ined by 1/3 Employ. ined by persons the rity or 1/Room the City the City the City 53 BURL19GAME 1/300 1/400 1/200 1/800 111000 1/250 111.5 Beds 11200 116 Seats 1/Unit 1.5 1.5 2 2.5 or 1/60 Covered 54 CONCORD 1/250 1/200 1/1.2 Room 1/2 Empl. 1/2 Empl. 1/200 Based on # 1/45 1/3 Seats 2/Unit 1.5 2 2 2 1/1000 1/800 of beds, 1/400 or 1/3 1 covered patients G persons empl. - in allowed by dividual Fire Dept. cases Code 55 DALY CITY Up to Up to i/Room + 1/1500 GFA 1/1500 1/400 The City 1/125 1/6 Fixed 2/Unit 1 1.5 2 2 21,000 21,000 1/300 GFA Planner to seats 1/300 over 1/300 over for office designate 1/200 21,000 21,000 1/200 1/200 56 FOSTER CITY 1/200 1/200 1/Room + 213 Empl. 1/1000 1/4 Beds + 1/3 Beds + 1/2 Seats 1/3 Seats 2/Unit 1.5 1.5 2.25 3 + 1 2 for 1/1000 1/2 Empl. 1/Doctor + or 1/25 or 1/15 Covered + 1 Guest manager 112 Empl. Guest on largest shift 57 FREMONT 0-20,000 0-3000 5 + l/Room 1/200 office 1/200 1/200 1/1.5 Beds 1/3.5 Seats 1/5 Fixed 2/Unit 2} + 2$ + 21 + 2} + 1/300 + 1/500 over area E 1/800 office seats or covered + .5 -5 .5 .5 1/500 over 3000 - 5000 indoor area E 1/50 .5 un- Guest Guest Guest Guest 20,000 10 + 1/250 storage 1/800 covered indoor stor.:ye 58 FRESNO i sf of 611000 1/Room 11800 1/Boo 4/Doctor 1/2 Beds or 0-4000 115 Fixed 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 parking for 1/1000 + 1/100 over- seats or 1 sf of 1/3 empl. 40 + 1/50 1/40 office area 6 international Parking Design, Inc. . Parfdng Consu!lanfs o o PARKING SPACES REQUIRED - NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES 1 C 4y Q U D a, tr j� +.. C 2 t D j Q O 0 p1, C ci Go o ¢Q1 �o Fa 3a v� Z C J 4 Q? 5¢ o i l 59 HAYWARD I1/200 1/150 1/Room + 1-49 Empl. .8 spaces/ 5/Doctor 1 Bed + 1/2 1/3 Seats 1/4 Seats 2/Unit 2 2 2 2.7 60 MODESTO 61 MONTEREY 62 MOUNTAIN VIEW 63 OAKLAND 64 PALO ALTO E 65 REDWOOD CITY 1/175 over 1/2 empl. employee industrial bldg or 1/150 empl. on 1/100 or 1/60 10,000 1/1000 largest shift 1/500 1/500 1/Room 1/4 Empl. 1/4 Empl. 1/200 1.5/Bed 1/4 Seats 1/5 Seats 2/Unit 2 2 2 2 or 1/60 1/300 1/500 l/Room + 1/1.5 Empl. 1/1.5 Empl. 1/3 Beds 1.5/Bed 1/2.5 Seats 1/5 Fixed 1 covered 1+1/5 1 11 1+1 2/50 Rooms seats or + 1/5 unit Guest 1/50 for guests 1/300 1/180 1/Room + 1/250 1/500 1/Co. 1/150 1/Bed 1/2.5 Seats 1/3.5 Seats 1/Unit 1.5 1.5 2 2 1/2 empl. vehicle on 1/100 or 1/50 site As determ- 1/400 l/Room 1/1000 1/3 Empl. 3/Doctor + 1/Doctor 1/200 1/8 Seats 2/Unit 1/5 1/5 1.5 1.5 ined by 1/2 empl. or 1/80 + 5 + 5 the City 1/300 (LM) 1/350 1/Room 1/300 (LM) 1/300 (LM) 1/250 1/1.5 Beds 1/4 Seats 1/4 persons 4/Unit 1.25 1.5 2 2 1/250 1/500 1/1000 (0-Sdist) 1/300 1 1/200 0 66 RICHMOND 1 1/500 1 1/500 67 SACRAMENTO 1 1/400 Old City: 1/400 Outside Old: 1/25C 4/5 Rooms 1/500 1/2 Rooms 1/2000 1/2000 1/2 empl. 1 Space + I 1 Space + 2/3 empl. 2/3 empl. I I/loco 1/1000 5/Doctor E 1/Patient 1/850 over add 1/ space 0-5000 sf 1/800 : 5+1 l/ 1000 :7500 -10,000 sf 10+1/750; etc 1 1/200 1 1/Bed 1/3 Seats 1/100 1/500 As determ- ined by the City 1 1/3 Seats 1 1/6 Seats unit covered Unit I 1/Unit 12/Unit 2/Unit up to 36 units 1.75/unit up to 36-72 units 1.5/unit over 72 units 10% shall be reserved for guests 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 AS DETERMINED BY THE CITY.I International Parking Design, Inc. • Parking Consultants 7 FIE PARKING SPACES REQUIRED - NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES iC�` G O ,JC lG O '� yQ y d h COz y 40 o C Z 3'a / 1 ^f 68 SAL INAS 1/300 1/300 1/Room 1/2 Empl. 1/1000 or 5/Doctor 2/Bed 1/50 or 1h O0 2/Unit 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 or 1/700 + 1/2 empl. 1/2.5 Fixed 1 covered 1/300 for on Max. seats office shift 69 SAN CARLOS 1/250 1/250 1/Room Under 4000 sf: 1 open 1/250 Decided by 1 Open + 1 Open/4 2/Unit 1 2 2 2.5 /200 2 spaces minimum Planning 1/4 occup- occupants over 4000 sf: 1 open/ or Zoning ant + I/30 1000 1 add./200 sf Administra- tion 70 SAN FRANCISC 71 SAN JOSE 1/250 1/200 1/Room + 1/.5 Empl. 5000-25000 5/Doctor 1/2.5 Beds 1/2 Seats 1/4 Seats 2/Unit 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 i/empl. + 1/Co. sf:5 Spaces or 1/40 or 1/7 covered vehicle over 25000 Linear ft sf : 10 or 1/36 spaces 72 SAN LEANDRO 1/300 1/200;Bulk 1/3 Rooms 1/100 + 1/600 2/3 1/200 2/3 1/Doctor 1/3 Seats 1/200 2/Unit 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1/600 2/3 1/100 sf Employee Employee 1/4 empl. or 1/1000 employee open space 1/1000 73 SAN LUIS 1/300 1/300 i/Room + 1/500 + 1/1000 + 1/200 i/Bed 1/4 Fixed 1/4 Seats 2/Unit 1+1/5 1.5 + 2 + 1 2.5 OBISPO 1/manager 1/1500 for 1/300 for seats or or 1/40 nest 1/5 Guest + 1/5 outdoor + office area 1/60 + 1/30 Guest Guest 1/300 office of enter- tainment 74 SAN NATEO 1/250 sf 1/300 1/Room 1/2 Empl. 1/2 Empl. + 3/Empl. 1/2 Beds + 1/45 1/5 Seats 2/Unit 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.3 for 90% of l/Co. 1/2 Empl. 20Z in cap- covered gross vehicle 1/Staff acity of Doctor persons 75 SANTA CLARA 1/300 1/200 1/Room 1/1500 or 1/3 Empi or 5/Doctor 1/2 Beds + 1/3 Seats 1/4 Seats 2/Unit 2 2 2 2 1/3 empl. 1/2000 No less 1/2 Empl. + or 1/200 or 1/32 than 1/30 1/Doctor 8 intemational Parking Design, Inc. • Parlong consultants n o o PARKING SPACES REQUIRED — NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES is y ay �� c ,� 1 0J °Jy 0 a J9 v � y b a ti c74 v°��o� e°'a F Fe Fm J0 ¢¢ h 3a m� S D r Q ti m� N h 76 SANTA ROSA 0-5000 sf: 1/250 1.25/Room 1/700 1/5000 + 1/300 for 1.25/Bed 1/3 Seats 1/5 Seats 2/Unit 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 1/265 100% of the over 1200 or 1/50 1 covered Guest Guest Guest Guest 5000-15,000 requirement sf : 1/300 set forth -77 SOUTH SAN 1/300 1/200 1/Room 1/1500 or 1/2000 over 1/300 1.5/Bed 1/50 1/5 Seats 2w/ 1 cov. 2 2 2 2 FRAI'CISCO 1/2 empl. 10,000 sf: or 1/35 3w/ 2 cov. 1/5000 sf for 5 or more Bdr. _78 STOCKTON 80 Spaces + 10 + 1/250 1/2 Rooms 1/2 Empl. 1/2 Empl. + 1/200 1/2 Beds 1/250 1/50 1.5/Unit 1 1 1 1 1/500 in in excess 1/Co. 1/Co. excess of of 5000 sf vehicle vehicle 20,000 sf 79 SUNNYVALE 1/225 1/225 1/Room + 1/180 1/1.2 Empl. 6/Doctor 1/Bed 1/3 Seats + 1/3 Seats + 2/Unit 1.5 1.5 1.75 2 1/Empl. or 1/400 1/50 + 1/21 + 1/400 1/400 80 VALLEJO Ground Ground 1/Room 4/First 4/First 'S/Doctor 1/4 Beds 1/3 Seats 1/16 Seats 2/Unit 1.5 1.5 2 2 Floor: 1/ Floor: 1/ 5000 sf; + 5000 sf; + or 1/40 + 1/160 for 200;other 200;other 1/ea. add. 1/ea. add. indoor floors: 1/ floors: 1/ 2000 sf; or 2000 sf; or seating 500 + 1/300 500 + 1/300 1/1.5 empl. 1/1.5 empl. covered covered 81 WALNUT CREEK 1/250 1/250 0.9/Room 1/400 + 1/2000 sf 1/250 C-0 Zone: 1/5 Seats 1/4 Seats 1/Unit 1 1 Covered + 1/4 1/2000 open Bulk 1/400 1/Bed; 0-C or 1/75 or 1/75 units or 1/2 space sf Zone: 1#/ units or 2/3 Bed units International' Parking Design, Inc. • Porking Consultants 9 Da ° STALL / AISLE DESIGN STANDARDS —SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES o 0 0 ti� ^v Q•/o, ,,a0 ca \'' _> o yF c ya a a 3 > > Large Cars Small Cars 1 ALHAMBRA 9'-01. 0'-0" 65'-0" 62'-2" 56'-0" Revising Ordinance to Accomodate Small Cars (182) 2 AIIAHEIM 8'-6" 19'-0" 631-0" 60'-0" 52'-411 Revising Ordinance to Accomodate Small Cars ('82) 3 BAKERSFIELD 8'-611 0'-0" 65'-0" 59'-6" 51'-1" 20% Required 7'-6" 16'-0" 57'-0" 51'-6" 43'-I" Over 10 Spaces 4 BALDWIN PARK 9'-0" 0'-0" 65'-0" 57'-9" 49'-2" 20% Required 8'-O" 161-0" 571-0" 49'-9" 411-2" Over 10 Spaces 5 BELLFLOWER 9'-0" 20'-0" 64'-0" 61'-8" 53'-0" None 6 BELL GARDENS 91-0" 20'-0" 66'-011 61'-8" 551-0" None Permitted Over and Above Required Amount of Stalls 7 BEVERLY HILL 9'-0" l91-0" None Permitted Over and Above Required Amount of Stalls 1 8 BUENA PARK 9'-6" 194-011 Aisle Aisle Aisle 25% T -8" 15'-0" Aisle Aisle Aisle 251-0" 20--0" 15'-O" 25'-0" 204-0" 15'-0" 9 BURBANK 8'-6" 20'-0" 63'-41' 551-111' 494-1011 30% 7'-61' 15'-a' 55'-4" 49'-41' 44' -4'1 9,_D., 61'-4" 54'-6" 48'-7" 10 CLAREMONT 9'-O" 20'-0" 64'-0" 61'-8" 551-0" None 11 COMMERCE 9'-O" 18'-0" 62'-0" 601-4" 52'-0" 25% 7'-6" 15'-O" 50'-0" 12 COMPTON 9'-0" 0'-0" 65'-O" 58'-0" 52'-0" None 13 COSTA MESA 9'-0" 19'-0" 64'-0" 59'-6" 52'-0" Conditonal 7'-G" 151-0" 52'-0" 47'-O" 44'-0" Use Permit 14 CULVER CITY Redevelopment Area (L.A. Standards) 10% 8'-0" 16'-D" 30% (Redevelopment) Redev.) 40% (Ofc. inlof 15 DOWNEY 9'-0" 20'-0" 66'-0" 67'-8" 48'-10" 25% Required 115% 8'-0" 15'-0" 16 EL MONTE 9'-0" 20'-0" 65'-D" 62'-5" 53'-6" Total 7'-6" 16'-0" 10 International Parking Design, Inc. - Porktng Consultants STALL / AISLE DESIGN a v° 0 q Ci y�D y \3 3 STANDARDS- SOUTHERN o r 0 0 oi� a., CALIFORNIA CITIES ho bo �h v m 3 3 3 h 3 3\ 3\ Large Cars Small Cars 17 FULLERTON 9'-0" 19'-0" 30% of Req'd. 8'-0" 16--0" 18 GLENDALE 8'-8" 18'-0" 63'-8" 60'-0" 54'-3" 40% s 20% 7'-6" 15'-0" 54'-0" 51'-10" 47'-4" See Ord. 19 HAWTHORNE 9'-0" 18'-6" 63'-0" 60'-0" 55'-0" None 20 HERMOSA 8'-6" 20--0" None BEACH 21 HUNTINGTON 8'-6" 19'-0" 63--0" 61'-6" 53'-10" 20 Spaces 8'-0" 15'-0" 63'-0" 61'-6" 53'-1Or' BEACH or More 40% 22 HUNTINGTON 9,-0" 20--0" Aisle Aisle Aisle 30% or Req'd. 8'-0" 161-0" PARK 24, 16' 12' 23 INGLEWOOD 8'-6" 20'-0" 65'-0" 59'-9" 53'-9" None 24 LAGUNA 8'-4" 18'-0" 64'-0" 56'-5" 50'-3" 20% of Total 7'-6" 15'-0" 58'-0" 50'-5" 44'-3" BEACH 25 LAKEWOOD 9'-0" 20'-0" 64'-0" 61'-8" 53'-0" 20% of Total 7'-6" 15'-0" 26 LONG BEACH 9'-0" 19'-0" 62'-0" 60'-0" 52'-6" 30% of Req'd. 8'-0" 75'-0" 59'-0" 57'-0" 49'-6" 27 LOS ANGELES 8'-4" 18'-0" 64'-0" 56'-5" 50'-3" 40% of Req'd. 7'-6" 15'-0" 55'-4" 49'-4" 44'-4" 28 LYNWOOD 9'-0" 18'-0" 61'-0" 59'-0" 52,-0" 30% of Total 7'-6" 15'-0" 29 MANHATTAN 9'-0" 19'-O" 63'-0" 53'-6" 49'-0" 30% Office 7'-6" 15'-0" BEACH (1)Tenant 40% 30 MONTCLAIR 9'-0" 20--0" 67'-0" Aisle Aisle None (Allowed if More Than Required) 16'-O" 12'-0" 31 MONTEREY 9''0" 20'-0" 49'-0" 61'-6" 55'-0" None PARK 32 NEWPORT 9'-O" 18'-0" 60'-0" 57'-0" 49'-2" None Special 7'-6" .151-0" 50--0" 47'-5" 43'-0" BEACH 8'-6" 1a-4, 62'-0" 57'-7" 48'-5" Approval 33 NORWALK 9'-0" 18'-0" 62'-0" 58'-V 52'-0" None International Parking Design, Inc. • Parking consultants Opo STALL /AISLE DESIGN STANDARDS -SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES O i" t� r y c o o Gi y y i a 3� A QG O ~o y h 3 2 3\ Large Lars Small Cars 34 ORANGE 94-0" 201-0"' 654-0" 63'-0" 57'-0" 401 of Total S.-O., 16'-0" Aisle 21'-0" 35 OXNARD 98-0" 201-0" 65'-0" 62'-0" 54'-o" None 36 PARAMOUNT 91-0" 20'-0" 64'-0" 611-S'" 53'-0" 35% of Req'd. 8'-O" 15"-0" 37 PASADENA 9'-0" 19'-0" Aisle Aisle Aisle None 24`-0"' 18'-0" 13'_D" 38 PICO RIVERA 9''0" 20'-0" 661-0" 63'-8" 53'-0" None 39 POMONA 8'-6" 18'-0" 61'-0" 54'-8" 491-5" 10n of Total T-6" 16'-01" 9'-6" 18'-0" 61'-0" 55'-6" 50'-10" 4D REDDN00 9'-0" 19'-0" 631-0" 60'-0" 53'-8" None BEACH 41 SAN FERNANDO 9'-0" 19'-0" 63'-0" 5911" 53'-8" 42 SANTA ANA 9"-0" 20'-0" Aisle Aisle Aisle 25% Retail 23"-0" 18'-O" 15'-D" 40% Office 43 SANTA FE 8'-6" 191-0" 62'-0" 591-5" 50'-11" None Permitted Over and Above Required Amount of Stalls SPRINGS 9'-0" 20'-0" 64'-0" 61' ^" 53'-0" 44 SANTA MONK 8'-6" 191-0" Aisle 10% 8'-0" 16"-o" 24'-0" 3051 in CM Dist. 45 SOUTH GATE 9'-D" 20'-0" 66'-0" 61'-8" 55'-0" 20, 7'-6" 15'-0" (Employees Only) 46 SOUTH 9'-0" 20'-0" Aisle 35% of Req'd. 8'-0" 17'-0" PASADENA 24'-0" 47 TORRANCE 8'-6" 19'-O" 631-0" 58'-0" 56'-01' 109' 7'-6" 15'-0" 48 TUSTIN 9'-0" 20"-0" 67'-0" 65'-0" 63'-0" 20% of Total 7'-6" 19"-0" 49 WEST COVINA 9'-0" 20'-0" 65'-0" 58'-10" 50'-9" 5% of Total 8'-6" 17'-0" 50 WESTMINSTER 9'-01" 19'-0" 63'-0" 60'-0" 56'-0" None 51 WHITTIER 91-0" 201-0" 64'-0" 611-8" 55'-0" None I International Parking Design, Inc. . Parkng Consultants 0 0 o STALL / AISLE DESIGN r � J� C� O Ci ya ya 3\3 STANDARDS - NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIES ay o O \ ti A Large Cars Small Cars 52 BERKELEY 8.0' 18.0' 62.0' 57.16' 57.16' 0 53 BURLINGAME 9.0' 20.0' 64.0' 62.0' 53.0' 20% Of Reqd. 8.0' 17.0' 58.0' 55.80' 47.36' 54 CONCORD 9.0' 19.0' 62.0' 57•0' 51.0' 35% Of Total 8.0' 16.0' 56.o' 50.80' 45.34' 55 DALY CITY 8.5' 19.0' 62.0' 56.0' 52.0' 20% Of Total 8.5' 16.0' 56.0' 50.80' 47.76' 56 FOSTER CITY 8.5' 20.0' 67.0' 58.0' 52.0' 20% Of Reqd. 8.5' 17.0' 56.0' 48.o' 45.0' 57 FREMONT 9.0' 19.0' 62.0' 56.91' 51.60' 35% Of Total 8.0' 16.0' 58.0' 50.71' 45.94' 58 FRESNO 8.5' 20.0' 68.0' 59.0' 52.0' 0 59 HAYWARD 9.0' 19.0' 66.0' 57.0' 49.o' 25% Of Total 7.5' 15.0' 50.0' 47.48' 43.82' 60 MODESTO 9.0' 19.0' 62.99' 60.17' 57.98' 30% Of Total 7.5' 15.0' 57.0' 53.48' 51.62' 61 MONTEREY 9.0' 20.0' 64.0' 61.69' 56:0' 50% Of Reqd. 8.5' 16.0' 56.0' 54.0' 49.0' 62 MOUNTAIN VIEW 8.5' 20.0' 68.0' 60.0' 52.0' 30% Of Reqd. 7.5' 15.5' 52.0' 51.21' 47.75' 63 OAKLAND 8.5' 18.0' 60.0' 51.67' 49.47' 30% Of Reqd. 7.5' 16.0' 56.0' 52.0' 45.23' 64 PALO ALTO 8.5' 18.0' 64.0' 57.68' 50.48' 50% Of Reqd. 7.5' 16.0' 52.0' 49.48' 45.0' 65 REDWOOD CITY 9.0' 19.0' 63.0' 57.0' 54.0' 33% Of Reqd. 7.5' 16.0' 57.0' 51.0' 48.0' 66 RICHMOND 9.0' 20.0' 65•0' 53.0' 46.0' 0 67 SACRAMENTO 8.0' 18.0' 62.0' 60.0' 52.0' 30% Of Total 7.5' 16.0' 57.0' 55.0' 47.0' 68 SALINAS 8.5' 19.0' 62.0' 60.0' 52.7' 0 69 SAN CARLOS 9.0' 19.0' 62.0' 58.0' 51.83' 0 70 SAN FRANCISCO 8.0' 18.0' PER CITY TEMPLATE 50% Of Reqd. 7.5' 15.0' PER CITY TEMPLATE International Parking Design, Inc. Parking ConsuRants 13 13 O ° ° STALL / AISLE DESIGN STANDARDS - NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CITIESI c" R Va o ,! o-` yr q 3\a ba 4 y >3 33 3\ M O ha y y 3 yvC Q� 3�a Large Cars Small Cars 71 SAN JOSE 9.01 18.0' 62.0' 55.61 52.4' 30% Of Reqd. 8.01 16.0' 58.0' 51.2' 48.4' 72 SAN LEANDRO 9.0' 20.0' 68.0' 55.0' 52.0' 30% Of Reqd. 8.0' 18.01 60.0' 53.161 48.76' 73 SAN LUIS O815PO 8.5' 18.0' 59-75 56.33' Of Total 9.0. 18.0' 63.33' 40% 8.0' 16.0' 55.4' 54.161 52.11 74 SAN MATEO 8.5' 20.0' 67.0' 5& 0' 52.0' 25% of Reqd. 8.01 17.0' 56.0' 48.0' 45.0' 75 SANTA CLARA 9.0. 20.0' 65.0' 60.0' 55.0' 15% Of Total 8.0' 16.0' 52.0' 52.0' 48.0' 76 SANTA ROSA 3.5' 19.01 65.0' 57.5' 51.0' of Total 9.0' 19.01 64.0' 57.0' 51.5' 50% 8.01 16.01 55.0' 40.01 34.0' 77 SO. SAN FRANCISCO 9.0' 20.0' 65.0' 61.64' 55.0' 10% of Reqd. 7.5' 16.0' 57.0' 53.21' 47.23' 73 STOCKTON 8.5' 19.0' 63.0' 56.5' 51.5' 2595 Of Total 7.5' 15.0' 55.0' 52.01 45.234 79 SUNrrvVALE 8.v 18.0' 42.01 55.61 50.9' 0 80 VALLEJO 9.0' 19.0' 64.0' 61.91' 55.60' 0 81 WALNUT CREEK 8.5' 19.0' Of Reqd. 9.04 19.0' 65.01 58.01 51.61 50% 7.5' 15.0' 57.0' 49.61 43.81 14 -Internaflonal Parking Design, Inc. Parking Consultants APRI61982' i TO: FROM: SUBJECT: Background July 27, 1981 City Council Meeting JuRe-22;-4984- Study Session Agenda Item No. 4(-G}b 9(c)1 CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH City Council Planning Department Parking Requirements for Residential Condominium Projects This is the third report to the City Council in as many Study Sessions on•the subject of parking requirements for residential condominium projects. Staff reports for the May 26th and June 8th Study Sessions are attached. At the June 8th Study Session, a question was asked regarding the parking requirements imposed by the Cities of Huntington Beach and Laguna Beach, the dividing line between the requirement for 1, 1;0 2 or 3 spaces, and how they defined the term "bedroom." HUNTINGTON BEACH 1 bedroom, single or bachelor = 1 space 2 bedroom = 1.5 spaces 3 or more bedrooms = 2 spaces In addition to the spaces noted above, the City of Huntington Beach also requires one-half on -site guest parking space per dwelling unit. However they do not permit condominiums on lots smaller than 10,000 sq.ft. In determining the number of bedrooms in any particular dwelling unit, just the number of rooms which are actually designated as bedrooms are counted in determining the parking requirement. LAGUNA BEACH 1 bedroom or studio = 1.5 spaces 2 to 3 bedrooms = 2 spaces 4 or more bedrooms = 3 spaces In addition, the City of Laguna Beach requires one guest space for each four units above four units on a site. TO: City Council - 2. If, in addition to having a closet, a room meets the minimum requirements for a habitable space; that is, it is at least seven feet in width, contains at least 70 sq.ft., meets the outdoor escape requirements and has no opening to the garage, that space i•s counted as a bedroom for parking requirement purposes regardless of how it may be designated on the plans. Parking Requirements Based on Number of'Bedrooms A parking requirement based on the number of bedrooms in a dwelling unit is not a new idea to the Planning Commission or Staff. It is an idea which has been suggested, •discussed and then rejected on several occasions because of the enforcement problems which would occur and the arguments which would arise when a room was designated as a den, study, library, studio, sewing room, utility room, storage room, music room, T.V. room, or for some other purpose and then con- verted to a bedroom or sleeping room at a later date. Respectfully submitted, PLANNING DEPARTMENT JDH/kk Attachments: Staff Reports dated May 26 and June 8, 1981 City Council Meeting May 26, 1981 Study Session Agenda Item No. CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH TO: City Council FROM: Planning Department SUBJECT: Parking and Garage Requirements for Condominiums Background At the City Council Study Session of April 27, 1981, Councilman Hummel raised a question regarding the parking requirement for resi- dential condominium units and whether a two -unit condominium project would meet the City s parking standard if only three parking spaces are provided. The answer to the question is "yes" - only three spaces are required for a two-family or duplex at a ratio of one and one-half parking spaces for each dwelling unit. As noted in the attached excerpts from the Municipal Code,'the City's residential parking requirement is based on the number of dwelling units in a project as opposed to the method of ownership, i.e., renter vs owner. In addition, the question has been raised from time to time as to how the Assessor treats.a condominium project both from a mapping and a billing standpoint. Attached for the information of the Council is a copy of Page 18 from Book 46 of the Assessor's Maps. Parcel 46- 184-14 (Lot 465, Tract 907) was approved by the City a-s a two unit condominium conversion on April'21, 1977 (Resubdivision No. 546) It should be noted that the land has not been divided and is still mapped as a single parcel. However, for tax. -billing purposes; each owner has been assigned a Billing Number for which he is assessed for an undivided one-half interest in the lot (Common Area), individual interests in the garage, patio, laundry and storage areas (Restricted Common Areas),and individual interest in each unit. Respectfully submitted, PLANNING DEPARTMENT e9-1 .Eg Director JDH/kk Attachments 5 Page 36 GENERAL CONTROLS RESIDENTIAL Chapter 20.10 pa tern. In all such cases, the required setback from the stre t shall be a minimum of 5 feet and the normal front yard requi ments shall apply to the portion of such lots adjacent to any terway, beach or bluff, except that such front yards may exce%the maximum of 35feet permitted'in residential district49 Code § 9105.4(h) added by Ord. 635; December 12, 1950nded by Ord. 1034; April 8, 1963). 20.10.035 SWIMMING POOLS AND RELATED EQUIPMENT - YARDS. Any swimmi g pool, fish pond, or other body of water which contains Ovate eighteen inches or more in depth for use in connection with an residential use shall be permitted in any required yard space provided that the enclosing fence required in Chapter 15..0 of this Code is permitted under the provisions of Section 20.0 070 and 20.10.025\doesno F of this Chapter. Any pump, filter or heater ied to serve. such body of, water• within ten feet of a side oproperty line (unless said property line is adjacent toet or alley) shall be sound attenuated in such a manner a ieve a maximum sound level of 55 dBA at said property ln such pump, filter or heater shall not be consideracce ory building so long as any required housing thers not xceed six feet in height. Pumps may be operatbetwee the hours of 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. (1949 Code § 910ded by 0 924; July 11, 1960; and as amended by Ord. 1876 81)•. 20.10.040 UNDERGROUND STORAGE OF FLAMM LE LIQUIDS. The underground storage of 'flammable liquids shall a pro- hibited in any residential district in the City. (0 1834 § 1, 1980). 20.10.045• AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT - YARDS. y• air-conditioning equipment installed within ten feet of a s'de" or rear property line (unless said property line is adjacent to a street or an alley) shall be sound attenuated''in such a manner as to achieve a maximum sound level of 55 dBA at said property line. Any such equipment shall not be considered an accessory building so long as any required housing thereof does not exceed six feet in height. (Added by Ord. 1876 § 2, 1981). 20.10.050 PARKING. A. Storage or parking space for the parking of automobiles off the street shall be provided in any residential district as follows: 1. Not less than one and one-half parking spaces for each dwelling unit. J Page 208 DEFINITIONS Chapter 20.87 20. 140 DWELLING UNIT. The term 'dwelling unit' shall mean single unit providing complete independent living facilities f`ov, one or more persons, including provisions for liv- 'ing, sleeping, nd sanitation, and having at least one entrance opening to the o tside or to a common hallway or entryway shared by other dwelling nits or facilities. Dwelling units constr ted after August 24, 1972, must contain a minimum of 600 square et of superficial floor area. Every dwelling unit shall ve at least one room which shall have not less than 150 square fee of floor area. Other habitable rooms, except kitchens, shall have an rea of not less than 70 square feet. An efficiency type unit shall hav a living room of not less than 220 square feet of superficial floo area. An additional 1.00 square feet of superficial floor area shall a provided for each occupant of each unit in excess of two persons. The kitchen facilities shall be provided with a clear working space o not less than 30" in front. The unit shall be provided with a separate athroom containing a wa-. ter closet, lavatory and bathtub or shower. 11 areas must meet the Housing Code regulations for ceiling heig light, and venti- lation_. Existing.•units not meeting the above outlined crite is shall not be occupied by more than two persons. The provision of Chapter 20.83 entitled Nonconforming Structures and Uses' not 'thstanding the following regulation shall apply to buildings on lot which contain a greater number of -dwelling units than permitted. Buildings on lots which contain a greater number of dwelling its than permitted by Chapter 20 of the Newport Beach Municipal Co must be altered to conform to the requirements of the Code withi 60 years from date of original construction, unless specifically exem1950: 1d by the 949 949 Code City 107 22 Council. Ord. 18047§ Ord. 635 1830 (part), § 1, 1979). (Part). 20.87.150 DWELLING, SINGLE-FAMILY. The. term "single- family dwelling" shall mean a detached building containing one dwelling unit. (Ord. 1579 § 2,.1974; Ord. 635 (part), 1950: 1949 Code § 9107.23). 20.87.160 DWELLING, TWO-FAMILY OR DUPLEX. The term "two- family dwelling" or "duplex dwelling" shall mean a building containing two dwelling units. (Ord. 1579 § 3., 1974: Ord. 845 (part), 1958: Ord. 635 (part), 1950: 1949 Code § 9107.24). 3 TO: FROM: SUBJECT: Background City Council Meeting June 8, 1981 Study Session Agenda Item No. 8(c)2 CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH City Council Planning Department Parking Requirements for Residential Condominium Projects At the City Council Study Session of May 26, 1981, the Staff was re- quested to place the City's- Condominium Ordinance on the next Study Session Agenda and to survey several cities which might have similar lot sizes to determine their parking requirements for condominiums. Newport Beach Requirements The parking requirements for residential uses, including condominium projects, are found under Section 20.10.050 of the Municipal Code (see attached). In addition, Chapter 20.73, Residential Condominium Projects, requires that all projects comply with the requirements for new buildings applicable at the time of project approval (also at- tached). The City's current requirement of not less than one and one- half parking spaces per dwelling unit was adopted by the'City Council on August 11, 1980, on a six to one vote. This action followed fifteen months of study, review and hearings by the Planning Commis- sion and City Council, and the input from several community associa- tions including those from Balboa Island, Lido Island and Corona del Mar. Other Cities' Requirements In order to determine parking requirements in other jurisdictions which might have similar problems because of small lots, four coastal cities were contacted. The results o'f this limited survey indicate that standards vary widely depending on the size of the unit, number of bedrooms, and the size of the lot. HUNTINGTON BEACH 1, 12 or 2 spaces/DU -depending on number of bedrooms. In addition, one-half guest space/DU on site for condominiums. No condominiums permitted on lots less than 10,000 sq.ft. in size. LAGUNA BEACH 12 to 2 spaces/DU depending on number of bedrooms. In addition, one guest space for each four units above four units on a site. TO: City Council - 2. SAN CLEMENTE 2 spaces/DU In addition, one guest space for each five units begin- ning with the fifth unit on sites containing 3,600 sq.ft. or more. SEAL BEACH 2 spaces/DU In addition, one guest space for each seven units begin- ning with the eighth unit. Respectfully submitted, PLANNING DEPARTMENT lan)ping Director JDH/kk Attachments: Excerpts from Municipal Code Z Page 36 GENERAL CONTROLS RESIDENTIAL Chapter 20.10 attern. In all such cases, the required setback from the $ eet shall be a minimum of 5 feet and the normal front yard req irements shall apply to the portion of such lots adjacent to a waterway, beach or bluff, except that such front yard's may ex ed the maximum of 35 feet permitted' in residential district (1949 Code § 9105.4(h) added by Ord. 635; December 121 1950 a amended by Ord. 1034; April 8, 1963). 20.10.03 SWIMMING POOLS AND RELATED EQUIPMENT - YARDS. Any swi ing pool; fish pond, -or other body of water which contains wa\1.. een inches or more in-depth for use in connection witidential use shall be permitted in any required yardrovided that the enclosing fence required in Chaptof this Code is permitted under the provisions of. Sec2.070 and 20.10.025, F of this Chapter. Any pump, filter or.heater stalled to serve• such body of.water within ten feet of a side or ar property line (unles's said property line is adjacent to a treet or all.ey) sha•ll.be sound attenuated in.such a manner as to achieve a maximum sound level of 55 dBA at said property line. such pump, filter or heater shall not be considered an•ac s•sory building so long as any required housing thereof does n t exceed six feet in height. Pumps may be operated only bet en the hours of 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. (1949 Code § 9105.4'1 added by rd. 924; July 11, 7960; and as amended by Ord. 1876 § 1, 1981). 20.10.040 UNDERGROUND STORAGE OF FLA BLE LIQUIDS. The underground storage of flammable liquids sha be pro- hibited in any residential district in the City. %rd. 1834 § 1, 1980). 20.10.045 AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT - YARDS: ny air-conditioning equipment installed within ten feet of a ide or rear property line'(unless said property line..is adsacen to a street or an alley) shall be sound attenuated 'in such a manner as to achieve a maximum sound level of 55 dBA at said property line. Any such equipment shall not be considered an accessory building so long as any required housing thereof does not exceed six feet in height. (Added by Ord. 1876 § 2, 1981). 20.10.050 PARKING. A. Storage or parking space for the parking of automobiles off the street shall be provided in any residential district as follows: 1. Not less than one and one-half parking spaces for each dwelling unit. Page 37 GENERAL CONTROLS RESIDENTIAL Chapter 20.10 2. Not less than three parking spaces for any structure containing 2,000 sq. ft. or more, exclusive of areas devoted to parking and open space, unless the structure is a single-family dwelling. 3. Not less than one covered, independently accessible parking space for.each two guest rooms in any rooming house.* 4. Not less than one.independently accessible parking space for each two guest rooms in any hotel.• 5. Not less than one independently accessible parking space for each guest unit in any motel.: Parking spaces required for other uses allowed in any're.sidential district not set forth above shall be determined by the•Planning Commission. �. Parking of automobiles.on the roof of a building -in any residential district is no-t allowed. C. In addition to the above noted parking standards, the following parking controls shall also apply: • 1. For each dwelling unit there 'shall be at least . one covered parking space. 2. For each dwelling unit, there shall be at least one independently accessible parking space. 3. Tandem parking up to a maximum of two cars in depth shall be permitted. 4. Parking in side yards shall be permitted; provided, however, that structural encroachments shall not be per- mitted, except as noted in this section. When three parking spaces are provided across the rear of a lot less than 30 feet 10 inches wide; one g:irjge.wall may encroach into the required side yard setback. Its distance from the property line shall be not less than 26 inches plus the amount ('if any) that the width of the lot exceeds 30 feet. The substandard side yard created thereby shall have a clear passageway 26 inches wide, unobstructed by fences, utility meters, hose bibs, or any other appurtenances which could interfere with use of the passageway by•emergency personnel or equipment. 5 Page 38 GENERAL CONTROLS RESIDENTIAL Chapter 20.10 5. Parking in front yards shall be permitted on drive- ways in front of garages that set back at least nineteen feet from the front property line; provided, however, that structural encroachments shall not be permitted. D. The one covered parking space that is required for each' dwelling unit shall be included in 'the gross floo•r•area. However, the following areas need not be ihcluded in the gross floor area: 1. Other parking spaces which are open on at least two sides', or open on'one side an'one end; and 2. twenty-five square -feet of storage area adjacent to or a part of a parking space on a lot less tha.q thirty-two feet wide; provided that no plumbing is located in said area, and provided that three parking spaces are provided side by side across one end.of the lot. E. Subject to the provisions of Chapter 20.83, structures which were in existence or under construction on the effective date of this Ordinance, and which do not provide the required number of parking spaces, may be expanded or altered without providing additional required parking spaces -as follows:- ' 1. Minor alterations such as.the remodeling of existing buildings where no additional living space is proposed; and 2. Minor additions to existing buildings', such as the construction of bathrooms, closets and hallways, or the expansion of existing rooms. (Ord. 1856.5 1, 1980; and as amended by Ord.'1876 § 3, 1981). Page 173 RESIDENTIAL CONDO- MINIUM PROJECTS Chapter 20.73 CHAPTER 20.73 R E S I•D• E N T I A L C 0 N D 0 M I N I U M P R 0 J E C T S - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sections: 20.73.005 Intent and Purpose.• 20.73.010 Definitions. 20.73.015 Use Permit Required. 20.7.3.020. Fees 20.73.025 Standards - All Condominium Projects. 20.73.030 Modification or Waiver of Development Standards. 20.73.035 Condominium Conversion Regulations., Vacancy Rate. 20.73.040 Existing Structures and Uses, Approved Plans. 20.73.045 Separability. 20.73.005 INTENT AND PURPOSE. The City Council finds and determines that residential condominium projects differ in many aspects from other types of construction and form of ownership and development. Therefore, these regulations are adopted to guide the development of new residential condominium projects and conversions of existing dwelling units to,condominium projects. It is the in- tent of these regulations to provide a balanced mix between owner- ship and rental housing in order to assure the development of a variety of housing types to serve the needs of the community. 20.73.010 DEFINITIONS. The following terms used herein shall have the meanings indicated: A. CONDOMINIUM. The term "condominium" shall mean and include the following: A condominium project, as defined in Section 1350 of the Civil Code, containing two or more condominiums, as defined in Sec- tion 783 of the Civil Code; a community apartment project, as de- fined in Section 11004 of the Business and Professions Code, con- taining two or more rights of exclusive occupancy; a stock coopera- tive, as defined in Section 11002.2 of the Business and Professions Code, containing two or more separately owned lots, parcels or areas; or any other such project as defined by state law. In ad- dition, for the purpose of this Chapter, development which offers own -your -own or fee ownership units, whereby the individual owns land directly below the "footprint" of said unit, and all other land within the project is owned in common, shall be defined as a condominium. /O Page 174 RESIDENTIAL CONDO- MINIUM PROJECTS Chapter 20.73 B. ORGANIZATIONAL DOCUMENTS. The term "organizational documents" shall mean the declaration of restrictions, articles of incorpora- tion, bylaws and any contracts for the maintenance, management or operation of all or any part of a project. C. PROJECT. The term "project" shall mean the entire parcel of real property proposed to be used or divided, as land or airspace, into two or more units as a condominium. D. UNIT. The term "unit" shall mean the particular area of land or airspace that is designed* intended or used for exclusive pos- session or control of individual owners or occupier. E. VACANCY RATE. The term "vacancy rate" shall mean the number of vacant multiple dwellings being offered for rent or lease i'n the City of Newport Beach shown as a percentage of the total number of multiple dwellings offered for or under rental or lease agreement in the City. Said vacancy -rate shall be as established once each year, in April, by survey of 15% of the City's rental units. 20.73.015 USE PERMIT REQUIRED. Condominium projects may be permitted in any district in which residential uses are per- mitted, including Planned Communities, subject to securing' a use permit in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 20.83 of the Newport Beach Municipal Code. In Planned Community Districts, re- sidential developments, all or part of which have been specifically designated as condominium projects on the approved Planned Com- munity Development Plan, shall be permitted subject to the require- ment of a specific Planning Commission finding that the Commission has considered the criteria and requirements of this Chapter in approving the Planned Community and accompanying regulatory text. In addition, the approval of a tentative and final tract map or parcel map shall be required for all condominium projects in ac- cordance,with Title 19, Newport Beach Municipal Code. No persons shall construct a new condominium development, or convert an exist- ing residential use to a condominium, within the City of Newport Beach without first complying with the provisions of this Chapter. Tentative or parcel maps shall not be required until after a use permit has been approved, but such maps and permit may be processed for approval concurrently. 20.73.020 FEES. In addition to use permit and parcel map fees, condominium applications shall be accompanied by fees estab- lished by resolution of the City Council for review of (a) organi- zational documents of the project submitted as part of a tentative tract or parcel map application; and (b) a special inspection fee, in the case of condominium conversion applications. Page 175 RESIDENTIAL CONDO- MINIUM PROJECTS Chapter 20.73 20.73.025 STANDARDS -ALL CONDOMINIUM PROJECTS. Condomi- nium projects, whether new projects or conversions, shall conform to the following, and the Planning Commission or the City Council, on appeal or review shall make specific findings as to such con- formance in any action approving a use permit application. AThe project plans andspecifications, ladopted City and Statecbuildingncodes, and zoning requirements for new buildings applicable to the dis- trict in -which the proposed project is located at the time of ap- proval.. Whenever regulations or restrictions imposed by this Section are either more or less restrictive than regulations or restrictions imposed by any other law, the regulations, restric- tions or laws which are most restrictive, or which impose higher standards, shall govern. B. The project lot size shall conform to the Zoning Code area requirements in effect at the time of approval, but in no case shall a condominium conversion be approved on a lot of less than 5,000 square feet, regardless of when such lot was legally established. C. The project shall be consistent with the adopted goals and policies of the General Plan, particularly with regard to the balance and dispersion of housing types within the City. D. The establishment, maintenance or operation of the use or building applied for shall not, under the circumstances of the particular case, be detrimental to the health, safety, peace, com- fort and general welfare of persons residing or working in the neighborhood of such proposed use or be detrimental or injurious to property and improvements in the neighborhood or the general welfare of the City. 20.73.030 MODIFICATION OR WAIVER OF DEVELOPMENT STAN- DARDS. The Planning Commission, by a 4/5 vote of those present and voting, shall have the right to modif,yy or waive any of the standards required by Section 20.73.025(A), if such modification or waiver will in no way be detrimental to adjacent properties or improvements than will the strict compliance with these stan- dards. 20.73.035 CONDOMINIUM CONVERSION REGULATIONS. A. All applications for conversion of existing rental dwell- ing units shall conform to the following; and the Planning Com- mission, or City Council on appeal or review, shall make specific findings as to such conformance in any action approving a use permit for a condominium conversion. / Page 176 RESIDENTIAL CONDO- MINIUM PROJECTS Chapter 20.73 I. The application shall propose special considerations for fixed income elderly tenants and handicapped persons in the way of extended notice of conversion intent, relocation assistance, or other means. 2. Existing tenants whose income is below 120% of the County's median income shall be permitted to remain as rent- ers for a period of one year. 3. A minimum of thirty percent (30%) of the existing tenants shall have expressed written interest in exercising their oprtion to purchate a converted unit within the project at the price offered. B. Vacancy Rate Regulation. Where it is proposed to convert an existing residential development to condominium units, the Planning Commission, or the City Council on appeal or review, shall disapprove, without prejudice, any use permit application if: 1. The rental dwelling unit vacancy rate in the City at the time of the public hearing is equal'to or less than five percent (5q). 2. Overriding Considerations. Notwithstanding the above, the Planning Commission may approve a condominium conversion use permit and, if approved, shall make corres- ponding findings, if any of the following overriding con- siderations exist: (a) The project will ize th fect on dwelling unit vacancy rate, mand motherwisefsubstantially comply with the intent of this Chapter; or (b) Evidence has been submitted that two-thirds (2/3) of the existing tenants have voted to recommend approval of the conversion. 20.73.040 EXISTING STRUCTURES AND USE; APPROVED PLANS. Any residential condominium development, whether originally es- tablished as such or converted from multi -family units, which lawfully exists on the effective date of this ordinance, or for which building permits have been issued, or for which an approved Planned Community Development Plan specifically provides that proposed residential developments shall be condominiums, shall be permitted to continue such use as approved. Any addition, expan- sion or substantial alteration of the development plans shall be subject to all provisions of this Chapter. 13 Page A 77 RESIDENTIAL CONDO- MINIUM PROJECTS Chapter 20.73 20.73.045 SEPARABILITY. If any provisions or require- mehts of'this Chapter shall be found invalid or unconstitutional in application or in interpretation by a court of competent juris- diction, such decision -shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Chapter. (Ord. 1817 § 1, 1979) \I 4262 Campus Drive, Suite B-1 BASMACIYAN-DARNELL, INC. January 14, 1981 ENGrXEEMNG AND PLAJ NrNG Transportation, Traffic, Municipal, Transit Newport Beach, California 92660 Subject: Parking Survey for Residential Condominiums and Townhomes Thank you! (714) 549-9940 Your help in the completion of this survey is greatly appreciated. Enclosed please find the Summary of Parking Requirements for Condominium and Townhouse Developments in Qrange County (Table 1) and an applica- tion of these rates to a project in the City of Irvine (see Table 2). If we may be of any assistance in the future, please call. sincerely, BASMACIYAN-DARNELL, INC. -Z'� x::f P Ken Lindmark KL:hh Enclosure TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF PARKING REQUIREMENTS FOR RESIDENTIAL CONDOMINIUM AND TOWNHOUSE DEVELOPMENTS IN ORANGE COUNTY Agency Anaheim Parking Spaces Required per Dwelling Unit 3.5 Guest Parking Spaces per Dwelling Unit Total Required Spaces per Dwelling Unit 3.5 Other Requirements 2 must be garage 1.5 may be off - site but within 100' of dwelling Brea 1.75/1 bedroom 0.2 (for 5 unit 1.95-2.7 1 must be covered 2.0 /2 bedroom or larger (1 & 2 bedroom) 2.5 /3 bedroom development) 2 must be covered (for 3 bedroom) Buena Park 2.0 0.33 _ 2.33 2,must be garage 480 ft. minimum Guest parking may be on private sts. Fountain valley 2.0 0.25 2.25 2 must be garage Fullerton 1.5/1 bedroom 0.5 2.0-2.75 1.0 must be garage 2.0/2 bedroom for 1 bedroom 2.25/3 bedroom 1.5 must be garage for 2 bedroom 1.75 must be garage for 3 bedroom Irvine 3.0 - 3.0 Huntington Beach 1.5/1 bedroom 0.5 2.0-2.5 1 must be covered 2.0/2 bedroom 09 more La Palma 2.0 - 2.0 1h must be garage Los Alamitos 2.0 0.$ 2.5 2 must be covered Newport Beach 1.5 - 2.5 - 1.5 - 2.5k 1 must be covered Orange For Developments 1 must be garage larger than 10 b.U. Guest Parking may 1.5 0.5 2.0 be on adjacent public streets Placentia 2.0/1 bedroom - 2.0-3,0 1 must be covered 3.0/2 or more (1 bedroom) bedroom � must be covered (2 bedroom) 0.1 RV parking space per D.U. San Clemente 2.0 0.2 2.2 1 must be covered San Juan Capistrano 2.0 0.8 2.8 1 must be garage Santa Ana 1.5/1 bedroom 0.5/1-10 D.U. varies i must be covered 1.8/2 bedroom 0.2/11-100 Q.U. 2 0/3 bedroom p 1/101-up D.U. Seal Beach 1 space for every 7 D.U. 2.0 0.14 2.14 2 must be covered Tustin 2.0 - 2.0 1 must be covered Westminster 2.0 0.5 2.5 2 must be garages Yorba Linda to be established All must be coverer: by C.U.P. but not less than 2.0 1.0 3.0 County of Orange 1.5/1 bedroom 1 must be covered 2.0/2 bedroom for 1 & 2 bedroom 2.5/3 bedroom 0.2 1.7-2.7 2 must be covered for 3 bedroom * May vary according to Planned Community Standards as approved by Planning Commission. TABLE 2 COMPARISON OF PARKING REQUIREMENT FOR NORTH COVE DEVELOPMENT OF 202 UNITS CONSISTING OF 22-1BEDROOM, 119 2-BEDROOM AND 61 3-BEDROOM Dwelling Unit Guest Total Spaces Agency Spaces Spaces Required Anaheim 707 - 707 (1)1(2)1(3) Brea 430 40 470 Buena Park 404 67 511(2) Cypress 404 101 503 Fountain Valley 404 51 ASS Fullerton 409 101 510(2) Irvine 606 - 606. N.A. Huntington Beach 393 101 494 La Palma 404 - 404 Los Alamitos 404 101 5.0.3 Newport Beach 1.5 to 2.5 - 3.0.3 to 505 Orange 303 101 4.04 Placentia 584 - 584 (2),(3) San Clemente 404 40 444 San Juan Capistrano 404% 16.2 -566 (2),(3) Santa Ana 369 33 4.02 Seal Beach 404 29 433 Tustin 404 - 404 Westminster 404 101 505 (2) Yorba Linda 404 202 .606. (•1) , (.3) County of Orange 424 40 46A (1) Total Parking Requirement equals or exceeds existing City of Irvine Parking Requirement. (2) Total Parking Requirement exceeds the proposed 503 on -site parking spaces provided within the North Cove Project. (3) Total Parking Requirement exceeds the 548 on -site and on -street parking spaces provided for the North Cove Project. I COUNCILMEN Vol P p4. CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH MINUTES OLL CALL 9�'m� 9�o*ZZ September 27, 1976 INDEX 3. The following communications were referred to the City Clerk for filing and inclusion in the records: ti (a) A letter from the Costa Mesa County Water Dis- trict expressing their sorrow at the news of Mayor Roger's death. (Copies mailed to Council) A letter from Winston R. Updegraff expressing Wis appreciation for the resolution from Newport Beach,,on his retirement from the Orange County Division -,of the League of California Cities. (Copies mail�ouncil) (c) A letter from Jean a Blandi in support of the Newport Beach Police�h icopters. (Copies mailed to Council) (d) A letter to all members of Sant a River Flood Protection Agency from the Mayors o Costa Mesa, Huntington Beach, Newport Beach and Fo tain Valley, and the Chief Engineer of the Oran County Sanitation Districts requesting suppor in convincing the Board of Supervisors to take action on an interim flood protection plan for the area southerly of Garfield to the mouth of the Santa Ana River. (Copies mailed to Council) (e) A letter from the Chief Clerk of the Assembly calling attention to Assembly Concurrent Reso- lution No. 417, relative to parking facilities for disabled persons, which has been adopted by the California Legislature. (Copies mailed to Council) (f) A resolution from the City of Huntington Beach urging the California State Legislature to review the State property tax structure in order to provide tax relief to homeowners. (g) Resolutions from the City of La Habra est ish- ing and amending the compensation plan or their City employees. (Copies mailed to uncil) (h) Removed from the Consent Ca dar. (i) A letter from the Dep went of Transportation attaching a memora dum outlining procedures and allocations fo he Federal -Aid Urban program covered by a 1976 Federal Highway Act. (Memo- randum o file in the City Clerk's Office) (j) A otice of Application before the Public tilities Commission for a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity to construct and operate a gas storage facility to be located in Kern County, and to recover the costs of this ' project in its rates. ' (k) A notice of public hearing on September 28, 1976 from the California Housing Finance Agency on Volume 30 - Page 235 State Capitol Sacramento. California 95814 To: From: Re: xTelep ne: 445-3614 IAMES D. DRISCOLL CFEEF CLERK September 3, 1976 Each city, county, and city and county in the State of California Chief Clerk of the Assembly Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 167 I have been directed to invite your attention to Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 167, relative to parking facilities for disabled persons, which has been adopted by the California Legislature. Accordingly, I am enclosing a copy of this resolution for your information. Enclosure COMB SENT To, taayor A;totney P t'/ O.rc.:tor. CmaDcv Ducclir r `l Other r� Councilmen I JAMES D. DRISCOLL Chief Clerk of the Assembly SEP '? arl e� 14YIF17'T $E,4Cflr Cr W. w F77 Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 167 Adopted in Assembly April 26, 1976 Chief Clerk of the Assembly Adopted in Senate August 20, 1976 Secretary of the Senate This resolution was received by the Secretary of State this day'of , 1976, at o'clock - M. Deputy Secretary of State 4 167 5 92 I . ACR 167 —2— —3— ACR 167 RESOLUTION CHAPTER_ Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 167—Relative to parking facilities for disabled persons. LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST ACR 167, Mori. Disabled persons: parking spaces. Existing law authorizes a local authority and a person in possession of an off-street parking facility to designate stalls or spaces for the exclusive use of disabled persons with distinguishing license plates or disabled veterans. This measure would urge and encourage local authori- ties to enact, and vigorously enforce; appropriate regula- tions to designate parking spaces for disabled persons in accordance with the Vehicle Code. WHEREAS, Section 22511.8 of the Vehicle Code authorizes a local authority, by ordinance or resolution, and a person in possession of an off-street parking facility, to designate stalls or spaces for the exclusive use of physically handicapped persons with distinguishing license plates issued to disabled persons; and WHEREAS, Under Section 22511.7 of the Vehicle Code, local authorities -may, by ordinance or resolution, designate parking spaces for the exclusive use of physically handicapped persons with distinguishing license plates or disabled veterans; and WHEREAS, Enactment of local regulations in accordance wits the Vehicle Code on parking spaces affecting disabled persons and vigorous enforcement is necessary to provide sufficient parking facilities for disabled persons; now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Assembly ofthe State of CaYforniq, the Senate thereof" concurring, That Iocal authorities be urged and encouraged to enact appropriate regulations to designate parking spaces for disabled persons in accordance with Vehicle Code provisions and that such newly enacted regulations be vigorously enforced; and be it further Resolved, That the Chief Clerk ' of the Assembly transmit copies of this resolution to each city, county, and city and county in this state. At f City Council Meeting October 12, 1971 Council Agenda Number CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH October 7, 1971 TO: City Council FROM: Community Development Department SUBJECT: Amendment No. 281 Proposed amendment to Title 20 of the Newport Beach Municipal Code, amending off-street_o_arking, require- ments and standards for residential uses. INITIATED BY: The,City of Newport Beach Planning Commission Recommendation This matter was considered by the Planning Commission on March 4, March 18, April 1, April 15, June 3 and June 17, 1971, when action was taken to unanimously recommend approval of Amendment No. 281 to the City Council. Discussion This amendment, Exhibit A attached, is the culmination of over ten months of research and study by the Department of Community Develop- ment Staff and the product of six hearings before the Planning Commission which solicited and received testimony from over forty community associations, Chambers of Commerce, realty boards and individual 'citizens. This amendment was initiated by the Planning Commission in recognition of the fact that existing off-street parking requirements for residential development are grossly inade- quate, particularly in light of the trend toward large multi - bedroom duplex construction. Features of the amendment include: 1. New or revised definitions for the terms "bedroom, carport and garage." 2. An increase in the parking requirement for single- family dwellings from one to two garage spaces per unit. 0 TO City Council - 2. 3. An increase in the parking requirement for mul'tiple- family dwelling units based on the ability of each unit to generate its own demand for on -site parking spaces as follow: Efficiency and 1 bedroom units = 1 space 2 bedrooms = 1.5 spaces 3 bedrooms = 2 spaces 4. An increase in the parking requirement for rooming houses and hotels from one-half to one space for each guest room. 5. Exceptions for lots having a width, exclusive of required side yards, of twenty feet or less. 6. Provisions for the continued use of existing non- conforming uses and structures although remodeled, enlarged or restored. 7. Encroachments into one side yard only for the purpose of accommodating required garage spaces. Respectfully submit ed, A ES D. HEWICKER, ting Director Attachments: (Council Members Only) * Proposed Amendment dated June 17, 1971. * Sketches of typical lots. JDH/kk * Planning Commission minutes dated June 17, June 3, April 15, April 1,,March 18 and March 4, 1971. * Statistical Data: Irvine Company report dated March 16, 1971. Beach City Survey dated January 1971. Summary of Santa Monica Survey dated February 1966. * Staff Reports': Report from Traffic Engineer dated April 26, 1971. Report from City Attorney dated April 22, 1971. TO: City Council - 3. Attachments (Continued): * Correspondence from Organizations: Newport Harbor -Costa Mesa Board of Realtors dated September 29, 1971, with reports from Francis Horvath dated September 28 and April 1, 1971. Additional correspondence dated June 14 and March 15, 1971. West Newport Beach Improvement Association dated August 4 and March 4, 1971. Harbor Island Association dated June 7, 1971. Corona del Mar Chamber of Commerce dated May 4, 1971.. Cliff Haven Community Association dated March 26, 1971. Balboa Island Improvement Association dated March 16, 1971. * Correspondence from Individuals: Mrs. Carl Hillgren Elynor L. Garriott, et al Jane H. Hunter Eileen Andjulis Dr. Howard A. Drum Hazel N. Spivey C. B. and Frances M. Knickerbocker Mrs. Ernest Ballif Mrs. Dora Trester Mrs. L'. S. Sunderland Donald S'. Redington - July 31, 1971 - July 30, 1971 - July 30, 1971 - April 27, 1971 - April 18, 1971 - April 15, 1971 - April 8, 1971 - April 7, 1971 - April 7, 1971 - March 22, 1971 - March 4, 1971 a� EXHIBIT A PROPOSED AMENDMENT OFF-STREET PARKING REGULATIONS Add Section 20.02.037 to read: 20.02.037 Bedroom. The term "bedroom" shall mean any habitable room capable of beinq used for sleeping purposes in accordance with other applicable codes. Add Section 20.02.115 to read: 20.02.115 Carport. The term "carport" shall mean a roofed structure, or a portion of a building, open on two or more sides and covering an accessible and usable area not less than nine (9) feet in width per automobile and twenty (20) feet in length, for the parking of automobiles off the street; vided that on a buildino site having a width of th (30) feet or less, the space required for three (3) auto- mobiles may be reduced to not less than 26 feet in width by:�20 feet in depth - each dimension to be clear and un- obstructed. Said structure shall'be located on the lot so as to meet the requirements of this Title for any accessory building; provided that said structure shall not be located'on the front one—half of the lot or building site without the approval of the Planning Commission as to elevation and method of screeninq. - 2 - Amend Section 20.02.190 to read: 20.02.190 Garage. The term "garage" shall mean a building, or a portion of a building enclosing an accessible and us- able space of not less than 9 feet clear width, inside measurement, per automobile by 20 feet, clear length, inside measurement, for the parking of automobiles off the street; provided that on a building site having a width of 30 feet or less the space required for a three - car garage may be reduced to not less than 26 feet in width by 20 feet in depth - each dimension to be clear and unobstructed Said building shall be totally en- closed by side walls, roof and an operating door for access of automobiles; and, shall be located on the lot or building site so as to meet the requirements of this Title for any accessory building. Amend Section 20.08.190 to read: 20.08.190 Automobile Storage or Parking 'Space. A. Required Parking. Accessible storage or parking space for the parking of,automobiles off the street shall be provided as follows: 1. Single -Family Dwellings. Not less than two independently accessible and usable garage spaces shall be provided for each single- family dwelling. �4a 2. .Group Dwellings. independently accessible and !� 1..� usable covered parking spaces for each family unit in any dwelling group of two -or more 0d - 3 - 9 family units shall be provided as follows: Efficiency and 1 bedroom units = 1 space 2 bedrooms = 1.5 spaces drooms or more = 2 spaces Uncovered parking may be permitted to the extent that there shall be no more than one open space and no less than one covered space per family unit. In all dwelling units containing one or more bedrooms, one room meeting the definition of the term "bedroom" shall be excluded from the calculation of total bedrooms for parking pur- poses. When a fractional figure is found as a remainder in computations made to determine the number of required off-street parking spaces, said fraction shall be rounded up to the next whole number. 3. Rooming Houses. Not less than one independ- ently accessible and usable covered space for each guest room in any rooming house. 4. Hotels and Motels. Not less than one independ- ently accessible and usable parking space.for each guest'room in any hotel or motel. C w - 4 - 5. Planned Residential Development. The off- street parking requirements for each such development shall be as follow: (a) Two covered parking spaces for each family dwelling unit in the development. (b) There shall also be required for the use of visitors and guests at least two ad- ditional parking spaces for each family dwelling unit in the development. Such parking spaces may be uncovered and shall be so located as to be accessible to such visitors and guests. This requirement for additional parking for visitors and guests shall be waived to the extent that the Planning Commission determines that there is an equivalent number of parking spaces available to serve the project when on -street parking spaces and parking spaces in private driveways are taken into con- sideration. (c) The •required parking spaces or any portion thereof may be grouped when it is found and determined that such grouping o•f park- ing spaces and the location thereof will be accessible and useful in connection with the proposed dwelling units in the develop- ment. - 5 - a% t 6. B District. Not less than two garage spaces per family unit in any residential B District. Parking space required for other uses allowed in any R District and not set forth above shall be determined by the Planning Commission and set forth as a condition to the granting of the use permit for such use. B. Exceptions. Any increase in off-street parking, required by Subsection A above, shall'.not be imposed on any building site• recorded as of the date of this ordinance which has a width exclusive of re- quired side yards of 20 feet or less. C. Nonconforming Uses. The provisions of Chapter 20.44 entitled "NONCONFORMING STRUCTURES AND USES" shall not be applicable to structures and uses which are nonconforming only because they do not comDly with ; the parking requirements set forth in Subsection above, but instead the following regulations shall be controllin 1. Existing Uses and Structures. : The lawful use of land or buildings or both which do not meet the parking requirements set forth in Subsection A above, which use was in existence on the ef- fective date of this section, may be continued or changed to a use requiring the same o'r less on -site parking without compliance with said requirements. - 6 - au Remodeling, Repairs or Alterations. Any nonconforming building may be repaired, altered or remodeled without complying with the parking requirements set forth in Subsection A of this section, provided that said repair, alteration or remodel will not increase the parking requirements. Enlargement. Whenever a nonconforming build- ing or use is enlarged by more than ten percent (10%) of its original gross area in any one- year period, the property on which it is located shall be made to comply with the parking re- quirements of Subsection A of this section un- less a waiver or reduction of said requirement is authorized by a use permit. 4. Restoration of Damaged or Destroyed Building. A nonconforming building wholly or partially damaged or destroyed by fire, explosion, earth- quake, Act of G-od, or other act beyond the control of the owner'or person in possession, may be restored without the necessity of com- plying with the requirements of Section 20.08.190' provided that all of the following conditions are met- � R3 - 7 (a) The restoration work is commenced within twelve months after the damage or destruc- tion occurs; (b) The building after restoration does not exceed its original gross floor area as it existed prior to the damage or des- truction; and (c) The use of the building is not changed to a use which requires more parking than the original use as it existed prior to the damage or destruction. D. Encroachments. A parking space may encroach into a required side yard in the R-2, R-3 and R-4 Dis- tricts subject to the following limitations: 1 Said side yard does not abut a street or alley. 2 An encroachment required for an enclosed garage space shall not exceed one story in height and may extend to the property line on one side only. No encroachment shall be allowed in the opposite side yard. Amend Section 20-38.030 to read: 20.38.030 (g) Hotels: One parking space for each guest room. Amend Section•20.40.030 to read: 20.40.030 (f) Hotels: One parking space for each guest room. 0 C` November 1, 1966 TO: Planning Commission and Parks, Beaches and Recreation Commission FROM: Planning Department SUBJECT: Parking Lot Beautification Approximately two to three years ago the Planning Commission and Parks, Beaches and Recreation Commission developed Some general criteria which were intended to,guide the development of parking lot improvements. They dealt with signing, landscaping, paving and a number of other improvement guiddines and specifically set forth ,planting requirements. The proposed ordinance governing these requirements was subse- quently approved by the Parks, Beaches and Recreation Commission and sent on to the Planning Commission where it has not to date been acted upon. The lack of action by the Planning Commission is explained by the fact that they are in the process of studying parking lot require- ments for all commercial districts. It has been the thinking of the Commission that the parking requirements shoul-d be placed in the ordinance (for example 1 space for each 200 sq.ft. of area) but that the design standards should in large be adopted by resolu- tion thereby gaining a flexibility to modification necessary to achieve the best possible development. • ORDINANCE NO. AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH ADDING SECTIONS 9105.51, 9105.52, 9105.53, and 9107.311 TO, AND AMENDING SECTION 9107.32 OF, THE NEWPORT BEACH MUNICIPAL CODE RELATING TO THE STANDARDS FOR OFF-STREET PARKING LOTS AND DEFINITIONS The City Council of the City of Newport Beach does ordain as follows: SECTION 1. Section 9105.51 is added to the Newport Beach Munitipal.Code to read: "SECTION 9105.51 Parking Lots. Design Standards for Off -Street All off-street parking lots and parking areas shall conform to the design standards set forth herein and shall also comply with supplemental standards adopted by the City Council. Such supplemental standards shall be adopted by resolution and shall show typical lot layouts, minimum space dimensions of stalls and lanes, minimum turn radii, and minimum maneuvering areas. Three copies of such sup- plemental standards shall be kept on file in the office of the City Clerk upon adoption and additional co,pies shall Ve made available to the public in the Planning Department and Building and Safety 'Department. The design standards are as follows: (1) The parking area shall be paved with asphalt, concrete, or other recognized street surfacing material. (2) The parking area shall be graded to dispose of all surface water into the street or other public drainage course. (3) Any lighting shall be arranged so as to reflect the light away from adjoining premises. (4) In parking lots, curbs or dividers shall be pao•— vided to protect landscaping, traffic lanes, and adjacent cars. (5) In parking lots, entrance and exit lanes, interior lanes, and the location and width of parking spaces shall be designed so that cars may enter and leave the lot safely. (6) The size of all parking spaces and access thereto shall be designed so that cars may be parked safely. (7) In parking lots, bumper guards, entrance and exit signs, and directional signs shall be maintained to control the movement of vehicles. (B) Each entrance and exit to a parking lot shall be constructed and maintained so that any vehicle entering or leaving shall be clearly visible at a distance of not less than ten (10) feet to'a person approaching such entrance or exit on any pedestrian walk or footpath. (9) Minimal exterior landscaping shall be required on all off-street parking lots of not less than five spaces. SECTION 2. Section 9105.52 is added to the Newport Beach Municipal Code to read: "SECTION 9105.52. Landscape Standards for Off -Street Parking. Where back in off-street parking spaces are provided, the off-street parking lot or parking areas shall comply with the landscape standards set forth herein, and shall also comply with supplemental standards adopted by the City Council. Such supplemental standards shall be adopted by resolution and shall show typical parking area landscaping, screen planting, interior and exterior buffer strips, watering systems, and shall contain a list of approved trees, shrubs, and ground cover for landscaping. Three copies of such supplemental standards shall be kept on file in the office of the City Clerk upon adoption and additional copies shall be made available to the public in the Planning Department. The landscape standards are as follows: (1) Landscaped Buffer Strips. a. Exterior Buffer Strips. Landscaped buffer strips shall surround the perimeter of all parking lots and parking areas. The buffer strips separating the parking area from streets, alleys and adjoining property shall be not less than three (3) feet wide. b. Interior Buffer Strips. Where a parking lot contains twenty 20 or more parking spaces, at least two per cent (2%) of the interior lot shall contain landscaped buffer strips. (2) Separation from Street and Adjacent Property. a. Along the sides of the parking area next to streets and alleys, a masonry wall not less than three (3) feet high shall be constructed or a divider con- sisting of screen planting shall be planted. The height of the wall or divider and its distance from any alley shall be subject to the provisions of this Article. b. Along the sides of the parking area next to adjoining property, a masonry wall six (6) feet high shall be constructed or a divider consisting of screen planting shall be planted. The height of the wall or divider of shrubs that will grow to six (6) feet and its distance from any alley shall be subject to the provisions of this Article. However, the wall or landscaped divider shall be three (3) feet in height from the front of the property to a depth equal to the required front yard setback established for adjoining residential property. c. The screen planting divider shall consist of shrubs and trees planted close enough together to provide adequate screen protection in order to protect the public and adjacent property from noise, gas fumes car lights, and other sources of disturbance to the neighborhood." 2. SECTION 3. Section 9105.53 is added to the Newport Beach Municipal Code to read: "SECTION 9105.53. Plot Plan Required. Where five (5) or more off-street parking spaces are provided, a plot plan of the proposed design of the parking lot or parking areas shall be submitted to the Planning Director for approval by him. The plot plan shalt show the layout of car stalls, traffic lanes, buffer strips, walls, landscaping, and other design sepcifications as re- quired by the standards set forth in Sections 9105.51 and 9105.52. The Planning Director shall approve or disapprove the plot plan in accordance with the design standards thereby established. All structures and grounds shall be developed and maintained�in accordance with the plot plan as approved. Standard requirements may be altered or waived by the Planning ,commission due to the nature and design of the parking site." SECTION 4. Section 9107.311 is added to the Newport Beach Municipal Code to read: "SECTION 9107.311. 'PARKING LOT'. An off-street park- ing area containing five (5) or more parking spaces." SECTION 5. Section 9107.32 of the Newport Beach Municipal Code is amended to read: "SECTION 9107.32. 'PARKING SPACE'. An accessible and usable space located off the street for automobile parking. The size of each parking space shall conform to standards adopted by resolution of the City Council." SECTION 6. This ordinance shall be published once in the official newspaper of the City, and the same shall be effective 30 days after the date of its adoption. This ordinance was introduced at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Newport Beach hold on the day of , 1962, and was adopted on the day of 1962, by the fol.lowing vote, to -wit: AYES, COUNCILMEN: NOES, COUNCILMEN: ABSENT COUNCILMEN: ATTEST: City Clerk 3. ayor .1 n OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS CITY ATTORNEYS' DEPARTMENT, LEAGUE OF CALIFORNIA CITIES 1960 ANNUAL CONFERENCE' LOS ANGELES-; CALIFORNIA. OCTOBER 24, 1960 WALTER W. CHARAMZA CITY ATTORNEY CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH WWC.mec 10/20/60 Walter W. Charamza City Attorney, Newport Beach City Attorneys' Department League of California Cities` Los Angeles October 24, 1960 OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS The title of the paper is "Off -Street Parking Requirements".' However; this could well be expanded to state "Off -Street Parking Requirements Imposed by City Zoning Regulations". INTRODUCTION As a preliminary matter, it is well to state that there would be no purpose for this paper if we did not have -with us in almost every city in the State of California a problem of congestion as a result of automobile traffic. The substance of this paper is addressed to one method of reducing congestion from this source. You may ask, of what importance is the congestion and why should we be concerned with it? It is important because it affects businessmen, it affects the motorist, it affects the city government, and it affects the costs of government. We are concerned with it because it reduces the capacity of streets to carry traffic. Because of it the motorist cannot proceed to his destina- tion without undue delay. The businessman's customers cannot get to and from his place of business. Investment in business property is jeopardized because the property becomes less desirable and less productive. A substantial part of the manpower in the traffic divi- sion of our police departments is devoted to coping with all of the problems arising from congestion of automobile traffic. 0 Ample off-street parking is one way to reduce the traffic congestion on the public streets. There are a number of ways for the city, through the exercise of its governmental powers, to pro- vide off-street parking in the city where it is especially needed. One way to do it is for the city to acquire, maintain, and operate publicly -owned parking lots. Cities that do this treat the problem of off-street parking as a major matter of public concern and con- sider it to be a proper function of local government to provide for off-street parking. Another way cities may accomplish the result is by actively promoting parking districts in areas of the city where the need is great and the owners of property in the district -are willing to bear all or a' -substantial portion of the cost of off- street parking space. In some cities, city-wide parking.authorities have been established through which off-street parking is provided by public ownership. Those are methods of exercising governmental power to pro- vide off-street parking which I am not going to discuss. My concern specifically is with zoning regulations which require property owners to provide off-street parking. These regulations require that off- street parking space be provided as a condition of permitting the development of property. An increasing number of cities are using this method. Although I do not have the figures available, from the municipal codes and ordinances I have reviewed, I believe a majority of the cities, at least in Southern California, now require off-street parking as a condition of developing property. These requirements have good points. The benefit of such regulations is that the city, through the use of its police power, 2 may require those who produce or contribute to traffic congestion to supply off-street parking space for all or a substantial portion of the traffic which they generate. In this way the regulations help to reduce congestion and thereby maintain business property values and provide the motorist a place to end his journey off of the public street. The regulations also have their weaknesses: There is no immediate relief for built-up areas of a city by virtue of requiring off-street parking in the zoning regulations. The regulations are not retroactive and it is generally conceded that a city may not impose off-street parking requirements and require property that is already built upon to comply immediately with the new requirements. But it does apply in new development and may be made to apply when substantial reconstruction or significant expansion takes place. Those cities who have used this method for some time recognize that it will not solve all of the problems even over a long period of time.. It is an important aid, however, in providing additional off- street parking that otherwise would never be available. There are a number of cities and agencies that have pio- neered in this field. The City of Los Angeles began at least as early as 1934 and has made several extensions and refinements since that time. The National Institute of Municipal Law officers has devoted a great deal of time and effort to analyzing traffic and parking problems and in doing so has given considerable attention to off-street parking requirements imposed by zoning regulations. The Los Angeles County Regional Planning Commission also has devoted a great deal of time to the problem in its work on uniform zoning ordinances for metropolitan areas. 3. AUTHORITY FOR REGULATION There is no doubt that cities have the power to impose. regulations in zoning, and late cases support the proposition that regulations requiring off-street parking are valid. The basis of California cities' power in this field arises from Article XI, Section 11, of our constitution which readso "Any county, city, town, or township may make and enforce within its limits all such local, police, sanitary and other regulations as are not in conflict with general laws." California cases clearly supporting the city's power in this field have been decided in both the Supreme Court and the District Court of Appeals. In Clemons v. City of Los Angeles (1950), 36 Cal. 2d 95, 222 Pac. 2d 439, the Supreme Court upheld a zoning provision which required a minimum lot size. In Brougher v. Board of Public Works of the City and Countv of San Francisco (1930), 107 Cal. App. 15, 290 Pac. 140, the court upheld the power of the city and county to enact regulations which limited the height of buildings in certain districts of the city. In Miller v. Board of Public Works of the City of Los Angeles (1925)., 195 Cal. 477, 234 Pac. 381, the Supreme Court upheld an ordinance of the City of Los Angeles which prohibited any bgild- ing designed or intended to be used for the housing of more than two families in a designated area of the city. Principles announced in that case which are pertinent today are illustrated by this.,quota- tions 4. "It may be safely said, we think, that it is the con - census of opinion that the regulation of the development of 'a city, under a comprehensive and carefully considered zoning plan, does tend to promote the general welfare of a community, and there is no doubt, it seems to us, that the adoption and enforcement of such a plan, when fairly conceived and equably applied, is well within the scope of the police power. ... As the congestion of our cities increases, likewise do the problems of traffic control and police, fire, and health pro- tection. Comprehensive and,systematic zoning aids is the successful solution of these problems and obviously tends thereby to affirmatively promote the public welfare."" These cases are cited not because they determine every issue in this field but because they are analytical and review the princi- ples involved in imposing zoning restrictions. They also demonstrate the extent to which a city may go in affirmatively promoting the general welfare by the enactment and impartial application of zoning regulations. METHODS A review of a substantial number of provisions on this subject suggests three methods by which cities impose requirements for off-street parking. Each overlaps the other to some extent. The first we might describe as "requirement according to use". This type of regulation is used in a number of cities. NIMLO Model Ordi- nance Service suggests this form.. With various refinements it is used in Los Angeles, Pasadena, La Habra, Anaheim, and elsewhere. A second method might be called "requirement according to district". 5. Along with the regulations agplying to a district and the uses per- mitted,"the parking requirements are set out. An example of its use is in the Ordinance of the City of Palm Springs. The third method is actually a combination of the two. It might be called the "combination system". Sometimes off-street parking is required according to use and sometimes according to zone. Sometimes a use in one zone will require off-street parking and in another zone the same use will not. Some uses require off-street parking in any zone. Newport Beach has this system. EXAMPLES The following examples are taken from various municipal codes or zoning ordinances. To the extent they have been copied'or followed so that the source would be of value, footnotes will be placed in the text and at the end of the paper to indicate the source. "A garage or an off-street automobile parking area shall be provided in connection with and at•the time of the erection of each of the buildings or structures hereinafter specified, or at the time such buildings or structures are altered or increased in capacity. The parking space capacity required shall be determined by the amount of dwelling units, guest rooms, floor area or seats, and said garage or parking area shall be maintained thereafter in connection with such buildings or structures. (a) For Dwelling Units. In all zones, there shall be at least one automobile parking space on the same lot with each dwelling unit. Wherever there are more than six dwell- ing units on any lot, the ratio of parking spaces required for all such dwelling units shall be at least one and 6. one -quarter parking space for each dwelling unit. Where the lot is located,in an R1 or R2 Zone, the parking spaces shall be provided within a private garage. (b) For Guest Rooms. Automobile parking spaces.shall be provided in -the following ratios for,the guest rooms included within any building; (1) One.parking space for each two individual guest rooms or suites of rooms. (c) For Commercial,and-Industrial Building. Where thei combined gross floor -area contained within all'the business, commercial, .manufacturing, or industrial buildings,` on any lot, is 5,000 square feet or more, there shall,be at least one automobile parking space for each 50U square feet'of such floor area. (d) For Institutions. There shall be at least one automobile parking space for each 500 square feet of floor area contained.within any hospital, philanthropic institution, governmental office building, or similar use. ^ (e) For Auditoriums.- There shall be at least one auto- mobile parking space for each five seats contained within any theatre, church,.auditorium, stadium or other similar,place of assembly. Where there are no fixed seats in the auditorium or place ofassembly, there shall be one parking space for each 35 square feet of floor area. (f) For Elementary Schools'. There shall be one automo- bile parking space on the same lot with each classroom con-, tained in any elementa:ry'school. 7. (g) Location of Parking Area. The automobile parking spaces required by paragraphs (b), (c),, (d), and ('e) hereof, shalI be provided either on the same lot as the use for which they are intended,to serve or not more than 750 feet' distant therefrom. (h), Combination of Uses. Where there is a combination of uses on a lot,':the number of automobile parking spaces,, required shall be'the sum of the requirements of the various uses. (i) Fractional Space.- When the application of these regulations rgsults in the requiredxent of a fractional auto- mobile parking space, any fraction up to and including one- half may be disregarded and any fraction over one-half shall be construed as requiring one automobile parking space." (1) Another example of a section that states the basic require- ment and is followed by particular requirements according to use is this. "Sec. 23.43. Automobile parking requirements,generalty. For each dwelling, multiple dwelling, business or indus- trial establishment or'other structure hereafter erected, there shall be provided and maintained off-street parking facilities to accommodate -the motor vehicles used by the i occupants, customers, clientele and employees of.such dwell- ing;"multiple dwelling, business or industrial establishment or structure. The aggregate amount of parking space for each type of use -shall be not less than that stated in this art$- cle." (2) a The particular requirements for parking are then set out according to the various uses which are,'listed section by section. Another way of stating the requirements is this: "Sec. 4.30. Parking Requirements (A) PUBLIC POLICY It is found and declared that there exists in many por- tions of the City inadequate parking facilities, which condi- tion constitutes alserious defect in the proper growth and productive utilization of the land in said portions. It is the intention of this Ordinance to provide adequate parking facilities and it shall.be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation'•owning, leasing or controlling a3building or f y structure to fail; neglect or refuse to provide and maintain adequate parking facilities as hereinaftbr provided. (B) BUILDING PERMIT No building permit shall be issued until the applicant -has presented satisfactory evidencetothe-Superintendent of Buildings, which shall include, but not be 1imtfed to, de- V tailed plans and specifications of the proposed parking lot. Said plans and specifications shall have been approved by the Street Department in accordance with sound parking practice. Plans of premises used or intended to be used for parking adjacent to residential property shall comply with all re- quirements hereinafter set forth. (C) AUTOMOBILE PARKING SPACE At the time of the erection of any building or structure hereinafter listed .or at the time any such building or struc- ture is enlarged or increased in capacity by adding dwelling 9. I units, guest rooms, floor area or seats, there shall be pro-. vided for such new construction, enlargement, or increased .capacity only, the following minimum off-street parking space with adequate provisions for safe ingress and egress and said parking space shall thereafter be maintained in connection with such building or structured (1) For One -Family Dwellings, Two -Family Dwellings and Multiple Family Dwellings, at least one (1) garage or carport for each dwelling unit. Each such garage or carport shall be on the same lot with the main building and shall con- tain not less than one hundred eighty (180) square feet. (2) For Hotels, Residential Hotels, Clubs and Fraternal Organizations, Charitable and Welfare Institutions used for'dwelling purposes and other similar structures, at least one (1) parking space for every three (3) guest rooms, dwelling units or,suiteso (3) For Hospitals, Sanitariums and Rest Homes at least one (1) parking space for every three (3) beds. (4) For Motels at least one (1) parking space for each unit." (3) In some zoning ordinances, regulations are set out under each district indicating the parking required for the uses permitted in that district. For example, a typical section might bed "Commercial Uses. For commercial buildings, at least one parking space shall be provided for each 1000 square feet of gross floor area in excess of 4.000 square feet. The fraction of one-half in the computing figure shall constitute 10. one.additional parking space. All parking areas shall be surfaced with. concrete; brick or asphaltic surfading to prevent the emanation.of dust. Parking for residential uses shall be'the same as in the applicable regulation pertaining to the particu- lar residential use." A similar provision would be provided for any subclassi- fication of commercial district or for a manufacturing district. The number of parking spaces might depend upon the square feet of floor area or the.number of employees. The third method of requiring off -strut parking is the combination system. In some instances it depends upon use. In others, it depends upon the zone in which the particular use occurs. For example, this might be a typical section:, "Section 9105.5. Automobile Storage or Parkin Sg pace: Accessible storage or parking space for the parking of automobiles off the street shall be provided in all districts, as follows: (a) Not less than one (1) garage space for each single 'family dwelling. '(b) Not less than one (1) garage space for each family unit in any duplex, triplex or dwelling group of four (4) or less family units. (c) Not less than one (1) garage space for each two (2) guest rooms in any rooming'>house. (d) Not less than -one (1) parking space for -each two (2) guest,rooms in any hotel. (e) Not less than one (1) garage space for each of the first four (4) family units, and two (2) off-street parking spaces, one (1) of which must be a garage space, for each additional family unit, in any'dwelling'group of more than four (4) family units. (f) Not less than two (2) garage spaces per family unit in any residential 'D' District. Parking space required for other uses allowed in any 'R' District and not set forth above,shall.bL defermii►ed by the Planning Commission .... " (4) An example -of a regulation which requires parking depend- ing upon district is as follows: 'tSection 9104.2. Combining or ''-10 District. The following regulations shall applyrin all 'C' and 'M' Districts with which are combined '-H' Districts, in ad- dition to the regulations hereinbefore specified therefor ..... Section 9104.21. Uses Permitted:. 1 ., All uses permitted in the respective districts with which the '-H' District is combined,••dubject to^providing off-street parking as -follows: (a) Off-street parking on the building site shall be required in all districts with which the "-H' District is coo ined according to the following formula: (1) Retail Stores -- 1 parking space for each 250 'sq. ft. of store floor area. (2) Office Buildings -- 1 parking space for each 250 sq. ft. of floor area. 12. (3) Wholesale and Industry --'1 parking space for each 2000 sq. ft. of gross floor area, but in no event less than'10 parking spaces for each such establishment. (4) 'Restaurants -m-1 parking space for each-3 seats. (7) Hotels -- 1 parking space for each 2 guest rooms. (8) Hospitals -- 1 parking space for each bed, and in addition 1 parking space for each resident doctor and 1 for each employee. (10)o•Motel4---.1 parking space for each guest unit." (5) You will note that this parking requirement applies only when there is a "C" District or an "M" District which is combined with the "-H" District. In certain areas under a zoning provision of'this kind there might be a "C" District or an "M" District in which'no off- street parking is. required at all. However, if, because of additional development in the area, the city determines that it is necessary to imppse off-street parking requirements, a portion of a commercial or manufacturing district might have the "-H" factor applied to it. Thereafter, any construction or development in•that combined district would be subject to the requirement for off-street parking depending upon the type of use to which the property was being put. In addition to the requirement for off-street parking, it A is important to consider the necessity to require loading zones, particularly in commercial, manufacturing, and industrial zones. 13. This may prove useful even though off-street parking is not required. An example of this requirement might read as follows: "on the same premises with every building or structure used or occupied for manufacturing, storage, wholesale.or retail market, hotel, restaurant, laundry, or other uses similarly involving the parking of.vehicles for loading or unloading materials or merchandise, there shall.be provided end maintained on the lot adequate space for standing, load- ing and unloading services in order to avoid undue interfer- ence with the public use of the streets k alleys." (6> This provision may be refined to require a specific number of loading spaces or a particular requirement as to area devoted to loading and unloading. Where commercial, manufacturing or industrial zones are adjacent to or near residential districts, the.problem will often. arise as to whether the required parking may be provided on land that lies within the residential district.. Some cities prohibit it entirely and others allow it if a permit is first obtained from the Planning Commission or Zoning Board. An example of this language would be as follows: "Parking lots to provide the parking required by this ordinance may be permitted in any residential district adjacent to any '•C', 'M' or 'I' District, subject to first securing a Use Permit in each case." (7) In many cases, because of the small parcels' available for development, intermittent construction, separate ownerships, and other reasons, it is extremely difficult for a developer to obtain 14. a large enough parcel to construct a commercial or manufacturing establishment of practical size and have adequate land left to pro- vide the.parking required by the zoning regulations. In such cases, some cities have `found it necessary and practicable to permit the parking to be provided•at a location other than the -location of the building. Examples of language which permits this are as follows- 1. "The automobile parking spaces Srequired hereunder shall be provided either on the same lot as the use for which they are intended to serve or not more than 750 feet distant therefrom." (8) 2. "When the required off-street parking space is pro- vided ona separate 1pt from.the main building; there'stiall be recorded in the office of the county.recorder a covenant by the owner of the lot for the benefit of the city to the effect that such owner will continue to maintain such parking space so'long as the building is maintained." (9) 3. "(a) Off-street parking on the building site, or on a separate lot from the building site with City Council approval on recommendation of the Planning Commission, shall be required in all districts ..... (b) The Planning Commission shall not recommend and the City Council -shall not approve off-street parking on a separate lot from the building site unless- (1) Such lot is so located as to be useful in connection with the proposed use on the building site; (2) Parking on such lot will not create an _ undue traffic hazard. 15. (3) Such lot and the building site are in the same ownership or there is common ownership of the lot and building site and the owner or owners of the building site are entitled to the immediate possession and use of the lot. (4) The owner or owners of the lot and the City upon the approval of the City Council execute a written instrument approved as to form and content by the City At- torney providing for the maintenance of the required off- street parking on such lot for the duration of the proposed use or uses on the building site. Such instrument shall be recorded in the office of the County Recorder and copies thereof filed with the Building Department and Planning De- partment:" (10) Attached to this paper.as an exhibit is a draft that might be followed in the property owner's contracting to continue using an off -site lot for parking purposes. It has been suggested that ire -areas where parking space is .very hard to come by provision should be made for .joint use of park- ing areas. I do not know of any city where this has actually bddn done. However, the following language has been offered as one way of allowing joint use: "Up to 50% of the parking facilities required by this ordinance for a use considered to be primarily a daytime use may be provided on parking facilities of a use considered to be primarily a nighttime use; up to 50% of the parking facilities required by this ordinance for a use considered 16. to be primarily a nighttime'use may be provided o* the park- ing facilities of a use considered•to be primarily a daytime use; provided such reciprocal parking permission -shall be subject to the following conditions: (1) Neither building -or use is located farther than 150 feet from the parking facility. (2) The applicant shall show that there is no substan- tial conflict in the principal operating hours of the build- ings or uses for which the joint use of the off-street parking facilities is proposed. (3) The owners of the land proposed for the joint use of the off-street parking shall execute an'agreement, in which the city is a party, for such joint use, approved by the City Attorney as to form and content. Such instrument shall be r recorded in the office of the County Recorder and copies there- of filed with the Building Department and the Planning Depart- ment." I don't know how effective the recordipg device is. How- ever, a purchaser of the parking lot would be in no position to say he didn't know about the contract if it were recorded. Ordinances generally provide for conditions- uhAer which off-street parking requirements may be waived. An example of waiver is this: "All or a portion of the off-street automobile park- ing spaces required by this ordinance may be waived when the lot involved is located within the boundaries of an assessment district for the acquisition of publicly -owned 17. automobile parking lots or is located within 200 feet of land used,or being acquired for the purpose of a municipal parking lot." (11) Another example ise "The city may.on petition of the property owner author- ize a waiver of or reduction in off-street parking required by the terms of this ordinance under the following 'condition s (1) When a parking district or municipal parking lot is so located as to be useful in connection with the proposed use; or (2) When the building site is subject to two or more uses and the maximum parking requirements for such uses do not occur simultaneously," (12) In developing regulatidns requiring off-street parking, it is important to establish standards which will provide a minimum length and width for each parking space, accessibility ar determined by turning radius, driveways, and distance between parking lanes. It is also advisable to establish a minimum inside width and length where garages -are required. Although we are getting off this subject when we discuss variances and use -permits and requirements which may be imposed as a condition of granting a variance or use permit, it is well to consider this as another means of requiring off-street parking ade- quate -to -serve a particular business or use that is being developed. An example of language that may,accomplish this purpose is as fol11 - lowei 18. 10 "The Board may,desigriatd such conditions in connection with the variance or use permit as it deems necessary to. secure the purposes of this ordinance. Such conditions may include provision for off-street parking to serve the pro- posed building of use, the amount of which shall be deter= mined by the Board in each case in accordance with the standards'set forth herein." (13) COURT DECISIONS Although I have found no California case where the question was in, issue and directly decided, I believe that the appellate courts in California?would uphold a zoning requirement for off- street parking if the ordinance and its application met the re- quirements for the exercide of pplice power as set down in the cases 1 , cited earlier in this paper. In the recent case of Redwood City Company of Jehovah's Witnesses v. City -,of Menlo Park (1959), 167' Cal. App. 2d 686, 335 Pac. 2d 195, the parties assumed the ordinance requirement for off-street parking was valid. The applicant sought a use permit to build a church and was providing the minimum off- street parking required by the ordinance. The city, nevertheless, denied the permit. The court reversed this decision indicating that, since the church had met the only definite standard set by the ordinance and since there was no specific evidence from which reasonable people could conclude'that the other general standards were not met, it was an abuse of discretion to deny the use permit. This subject is discussed'in Yokely, Zoning Law and Prac- tice. In the 1960 Supplement, in Section 212 at page 55, the author 19. I indicates that the courts are ready and willing to sustain reason- able provisions for off-street parking in zoning ordinances. In this supplement at page 49, however, he makes this cautionary remark: !'It is clear that the courts will not sustain off- street parking provisions in zoning ordinances where they are not reasonably applied." Both of these thoughts expressed in the text just cited are also expressed in an Ohio case decided in 1958. This case is State ex rel. Associated.Land'and_Investment Corporation v. City of ✓4 Lmdhurst (1958j, 160'Ohio State 289, 154 N.E.'2d 435. This court held that the provisions of the ordinance were inadequate as stand - ands to guide the administration of the ordinance and it was, there- fore, unconstitutional. The court states,, however, that the determi- nation by a legislative body that conditions warrant the inclusion of provisions requiring off-street parking in a comprehensive zoning ordinance constitutes a proper exercise of municipal authority. The Supreme Court of New Jersey upheld a requirement for off-street parking where the issue was directly presented. This case is Allendale Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses v. Grosman (1959), 30 N. J. 2733 152 Atl. 2d 569. The ordinance required one -off-street parking space for each three seats for a church or for other places of public assembly. In upholding the validity of the ordinance the court stated at page 571: "The off-street parking requirements ..... are well designed to promote the public safety and general welfare by lessening 'congestion in the streets' ..... On the record before us ..... the requirements ..... appear to come 20. } well within the principles expressed in cases which have - heretofore held that property used for church purposes, along with property used for other purposes, may be law- _ fully subjected to reasonable zoning restrictions." The attitude of the courts, however., is not universal. An ordinance provision which is a reasonable exercise of the police power in Ohio and New Jersey is an unconstitutional attempt to take property without compensation and a denial of due process of law in the state of Colorado. In City and County of Denver v. Denver -Buick Company (1959), 347 Paco 2d 919', the Supreme Court of Colorado held the provisions of a zoning ordinance, which required off-street parking as a condition to be fulfilled before an owner was permitted to make use of his property for business purposes authorized in the district in which the land was located, were unconstitutional. The court based its decision on the ground that the requirement was a denial of due process under both the state and t#�e federal constitu- tions and'that it constituted a taking of private property without just compensation. The taking was based upon a conclusion by the court that these provisions were an unreasonable restriction on,the use of the property. CONC_ LLUSION In'conclusion -- zoning regulations requiring off-street parking are useful to reduce traffic congestion on streets and depending upon one`sxoutlook to promote the general welfare. They will not solve all the problems. If the requirements are reason- able under the circumstances and impartially administered, the courts will uphold them. 21. ie FOOTNOTES9 (1) Los Angeles Municipal Code, Chapter 1, Article 2, Sec. 1i.21. (2) La Habra City Code, Sec. 23.43. (3) City of Pasadena Ordinance No. 4322, Sec. 4.30. (4) Newport Beach Municipal Code, Sec. 9105.5. (5) Newport Beach Municipal Code, Secs. 9104.2 and 9104.21. (6) La Habra City Code, Sec. 23.51. (7) Newp'ort Beach Municipal Code, Sec. 9105.1 (e). (8) Los Angeles Municipal Code, Sec. 12.21 A 4 (g). (9) La Habra City Code, Sec. 23.52. (10) Newport Beach Municipal Code,'Sec. 9104.21. (11) Los Angeles Municipal Code, Sec. 12.21 A 4 (o). (12) Newport Beach Municipal•Code, Sec. 9104.31 (c). (13) Newport Beach Municipal Code, Sec. 9106.23. I AGREEMENT REGARDING USE OF REAL PROPERTY a California corporation, being the owner of record and the only entity having any interest in the real property located at hereinafter more particularly described, in consideration of the approval by the Planning, Commission of Permit No. , which reduces .the vehicle parking required by the Municipal Code by spaces, or ap- proximately square feet, to serve a proposed building on (legal description of property on which building is to be built), does hereby covenant and agree with the City that said real prop- erty at described as (legal description of property constituting off -site lot) will be used and forever maintained to piovide not less than square feet of parking area divided into not less than parking spaces for use in connection with said proposed building on said -(repeat sufficient description for identification of the building site) so long as said building remains -in , existenc e This agreement shall run with the land and bind aU suc- cessors of the present owner, and shall be recorded in the County Recorder's Office. Executed By By CITY OF By By (Acknowledgment) EXHIBIT