HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-96 - General Plan Amendment 87-1B Noise Element135 f-io]k li t ce) L, K IOXTj 50.1
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY
OF NEWPORT BEACH APPROVING AN AMENDMENT
• TO THE NOISE ELEMENT OF THE NEWPORT BEACH
GENERAL PLAN [GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT 87 -1
(B)]
WHEREAS, noise elements are mandated by State of California Planning and
Zoning Law and are required to identify and appraise noise problems in a community and
provide possible solutions to existing and future noise problems; and
WHEREAS, the current Noise Element has not been revised since it was first
adopted in 1974; and
WHEREAS, the Noise Element must be updated to reflect the changes in the
community noise environment and noise - related issues which have occurred since its
adoption; and
WHEREAS, on July 21, August 4, and August 18, 1994, the Planning Commission
of the City of Newport Beach held public hearings regarding General Plan Amendment 87 -1
(B); and
WHEREAS, on October 10, 1994, the City Council of the City of Newport Beach
held a public hearing regarding General Plan Amendment 87 -1 (B); and
WHEREAS, the public was duly noticed of the public hearings; and
WHEREAS, pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act, the proposed
general plan amendment has been reviewed and it has been determined to be categorically
exempt from the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act under Class 8.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of
Newport Beach that an amendment to the Noise Element of the General Plan is approved
6 as set forth in the attached Exhibit "A."
ADOPTED this 10th day of October . 1994,
7 A
MAYOR
Attachment: Exhibit W Durk Noise Element
1\ ... \PAT -A \NOISE \GPA87 -IB.CC
0
RECEIVED BY
PLANNING DEPARTMENT
CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH
APR 27 994 Pfd
7 i81911U Ill 112111213141516
4
GENERAL PLAN
• NOISE ELEMENT
CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH
April 1994
Prepared by
MESTRE CREVE ASSOCIATES
280 Newport Center Drive
Suite 230
Newport Beach, CA 92660
TABLE OF CONTENTS
OUTLINE................................................... ..............................1
1.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................... ..............................3
2.0 GOAL STATEMENT ...................................... ..............................4
• 3.0 INVENTORY OF CURRENT AND
FORECAST CONDITIONS ........................... ..............................5
3.1 Sources of Noise ....................................... ..............................5
3.2 Noise Sensitive Receptors ............................ .............................10
3.3 Community Noise Measurement Survey ............ .............................10
3.4 Measurement Procedure ............................... .............................10
3.5 Measurement Results .................................. .............................11
3.6 Community Noise Cont ours .......................... .............................12
4.0 POLICIES AND IMPLEMENTATION .................. .............................18
5.0 ANALYSIS .................................................. .............................32
5.1 Noise Definitions ....................................... .............................32
5.2 Noise Metric and Assessment Criteria ............... .............................36
5.3 Noise and Land Use Compatibility Guidel ines ..... .............................39
5.4 Techniques for Mitigation of Community Noise ... .............................42
6.0 GLOSSARY ................................................. .............................48
APPENDICES
LMODEL NOISE ORDINANCE
2.TECHNICAL APPENDIX (Separate Cover)
NEWPORT BEACH GENERAL PLAN
NOISE ELEMENT
The Noise Element of a General Plan is a comprehensive program for including noise
• control in the planning process. It is a tool for local planners to use to achieve and
maintain compatible land use with environmental noise levels. The Noise Element
identifies noise sensitive land uses and noise sources, and defines areas of noise impact
for the purpose of developing programs to insure that Newport Beach residents will be
protected from excessive noise intrusion.
The Noise Element follows the revised State guidelines in the State Government Code
Section 65302(£) and Section 46050.1 of the Health and Safety Code (described in more
detail in the Technical Appendix). The element quantifies the community noise
environment in terms of noise exposure contours for both near and long -term levels of
growth and traffic activity. The information contained in this document provides the
framework to achieve compatible land uses and provide baseline levels and noise source
identification for local noise ordinance enforcement.
The Element is divided into seven sections and an Appendix. Included in the Element is a
glossary that defines a number of key terms used in noise assessments. The Noise
Element is organized as follows:
1. INTRODUCTION - presents the noise issues in the City that are to be
addressed within the Noise Element.
2. GOAL STATEMENT - defines the goals of the Noise Element.
3. INVENTORY OF CURRENT AND FORECAST CONDITIONS -
describes the existing and future noise levels in the City.
4. POLICIES AND IMPLEMENTATION - defines and summarizes the
policies and programs to be implemented by the City to achieve the goals of
the Element.
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5. ANALYSIS - section describes the noise environment, effects of noise and
describes techniques to minimize noise and land use conflicts.
6. GLOSSARY - defines noise terminology used in the Element.
7. DRAFT NOISE ORDINANCE - presents a draft Noise Ordinance
implementing certain policies established in the Noise Element. •
8. TECHNICAL APPENDIX -contains background information including
methodology, measurement and modeling results, and bibliography.
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4 125194 PAGE 2
•
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Within the City of Newport Beach are a number of transportation related noise sources
including freeways and major and minor arterials. The existing freeway includes the
Corona Del Mar Freeway (State Route 73). In the future, the San Joaquin Hills
Transportation Corridor (SJHTC) will connect with State Route 73 and will be within the
city boundary. John Wayne Airport lies just north of the northern boundary of the City
of Newport Beach with aircraft operations over the City of Newport Beach. Charter and
tour boat and recreational boat activity in Newport Harbor are other transportation noise
sources within the City. There are also stationary (or non - transportation related) noise
sources within the City of Newport Beach which include restaurant/bar /entertainment
establishments, mechanical equipment, residential party noise, residential recreational
facilities including basketball courts and skateboard ramps and barking dogs. These are
some of the contributors of noise in Newport Beach. Effective strategies to reduce their
influence on the community noise environment are an essential part of the Noise Element.
Information relative to the existing and forecast noise environment within Newport Beach
should be integrated into future land use planning decisions. The Element presents the
noise environment in order that the City may include noise impact considerations in
development programs.
Residential land uses and areas identified as noise sensitive should be protected from
excessive noise from transportation and non - transportation noise sources. The impacts of
non--transportation noises are most effectively controlled through the enforcement and
application of City stationary source noise Ordinances or Regulations.
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2.0 GOAL STATEMENT
Environmental noise is a major concern of the citizens of Newport Beach. In this Noise
Element of the General Plan, the policies and implementation programs for controlling
noise within the City boundaries are established. The polices and programs established in
this element derive from the goals set for noise control within the City.
The goals of the City in adopting the Noise Element of the General Plan are as follows:
1. Provide sufficient information concerning the community noise
environment by presenting current and forecast noise levels so that noise
can be objectively considered in land use planning decisions in the City of
Newport Beach. This inventory of the noise environment within the City
will identify the different types of noise sources, noise sensitive
receptors, and some unique noise issues that face the City of Newport
Beach.
2. Provide policies and implementation measures that will protect and
maintain those areas of the city that have acceptable noise environments.
This includes protecting those areas from both transportation related noise
as well stationary noise sources.
3. Provide programs that will reduce the noise levels in existing noise
sensitive areas where the noise environment has already reached
unacceptable levels by developing, where feasible, programs to reduce
the noise levels in these areas and ensuring that new development in these
areas is compatible with surrounding noise levels.
4. To establish a comprehensive program and minimize the impact of noise
generated by aircraft departing JWA and the maintain the quality of life
for Newport Beach residents by preserving the operational restrictions at
JWA, investigating ways to extend or strengthen those restrictions, and
encouraging the development of a second commercial airport in Orange
County.
NEWPORTBEACH NOISE ELEMENT Dr,04 125194 PAGE
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3.0 INVENTORY OF CURRENT AND FORECAST
CONDITIONS
This section contains a description of the current and projected noise environment within
the City. This description of the noise environment is based on an identification of noise
• sources and noise sensitive land uses, a community noise measurement survey and noise
contour maps.
To define the noise exposure, this section of the report first identifies the major sources
of noise in the community. Some of the major sources of transportation related noise in
and around Newport Beach include, but are not limited to, a major freeway, major
arterial roadways, John Wayne Airport, and occasional helicopter overflights from Tustin
Marine Corp Air Station (MCAS). In addition to transportation related noise sources,
there are also stationary noise sources and some of these sources include, but are not
limited to, residential and boat parties, residential recreational facilities, restaurants,
barking dogs, mechanical equipment such as air conditioning units, and commercial
centers. To completely assess the noise environment in the City, noise sensitive
receptors must also be identified. As mandated by the state, noise sensitive receptors
include, but are not limited to, areas containing schools, hospitals, rest homes, long -term
medical or mental care facilities, residential areas, or any other land use areas deemed
noise sensitive by the local jurisdiction.
3.1 Sources of Noise
Noise sources in The City of Newport Beach can be divided into two basic categories,
transportation and non - transportation sources. In this summary of the noise exposure,
the transportation sources are further reduced to four sub - categories: freeways, major and
minor arterial roadways, aircraft, and water vehicle sources. Stationary sources and each
of these transportation sources and their impacts on the noise environment of Newport
Beach are summarized in the following paragraphs.
3.1.1 Transportation Noise Sources
The most common sources of noise in urban areas are transportation related noise
sources. These include automobiles, trucks, motorcycles and aircraft. Motor vehicle
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125/94 PACE S
noise is of concern because it is characterized by a high number of individual events
which often create a sustained noise level and by its proximity to areas sensitive to noise
exposure.
Freeways - The City of Newport Beach has one freeway within its borders, State
Route 73, and one freeway that will be within its border in the future, the San Joaquin
Hills Transportation Corridor ( SJHTC). The Corona Del Mar Freeway (SR -73) runs in •
a northwest/southeastdirection through the City's northern section. The portion of State
Route 73 that cuts through the northern portion of the city is below grade from the
adjacent land uses. There are a few residences in close proximity to this freeway. None
of the homes that are located directly adjacent to the freeway are exposed to noise levels
in excess of 65 CNEL. Note that noise levels from this freeway are likely to increase in
the future due to increased traffic along the freeway.
The future SJHTC (San Joaquin Hills Transportation Corridor) will run in a
northwest/southeast direction through the City's northeastern boundary connecting with
the State Route 73 at Jamboree Road. At various locations, the freeway will beat grade
with or elevated above the adjacent land uses. There are a few existing residences that
will be in close proximity to this freeway when the freeway is built, but these residences
have already included noise mitigation measures to sufficiently attenuate the noise from
the San Joaquin Hills Transportation Corridor. Therefore, none of these homes that will
be located directly adjacent to the freeway will be exposed to noise levels in excess of 65
CNEL.
Aircraft Operations - Many residents of Newport Beach are impacted by noise
generated by commercial and general aviation aircraft departing John Wayne Airport.
Newport Beach is located immediately south of John Wayne Airport and is under the
primary departure corridor. The County of Orange is the operator of John Wayne
Airport. The air traffic is made up of commercial air carriers, commuter turbo -prop
aircraft, business jets, and single and twin engine general aviation aircraft. There is also
aircraft traffic from the Tustin Marine Corp Air Station (MCAS) that overfly the Newport
Beach area. However, the MCAS will be closing and the aircraft overflight out of this air
station will cease at the time of closure. The City has a long history of disputes with the
County regarding aircraft noise from John Wayne Airport. In 1985 the City, County, and .
two Newport Beach homeowner associations entered into the John Wayne Airport
Settlement Agreement. This Settlement Agreement expires in 2005. The Settlement
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Dr,*4125194 PAGE
Agreement establishes three types of aircraft based upon noise generating characteristics
and establish limits on aircraft utilizing the airport.
Major and Minor Arterial Roadways - Traffic noise on surface streets is a significant
source of noise within the community. The major roadways in the city, currently or in the
future, include: Bluff Road, Placentia Avenue, Newport Boulevard, Superior Avenue,
• Balboa Boulevard, 22nd Street, Dover Drive, 15th Street, Campus Drive, Irvine
Boulevard, Mesa Drive, Birch Street, Bristol Street, North Bristol Street, Jamboree Road,
Bayside Drive, MacArthur Boulevard, Von Karman Avenue, University Drive North,
University Drive, Bison Avenue, Eastbluff Drive, Ford Road, San Joaquin Hills Road,
Newport Center Drive, Santa Barbara Drive, Santa Cruz Drive, Avocado Avenue, San
Miguel Drive, Spyglass Hill Road, Marguerite Avenue, and Pacific Coast Highway.
Noise levels along roadways are determined by a number of traffic characteristics. Most
important is the average daily traffic (ADT). Additional factors include the percentage
of trucks, vehicle speed, the time distribution of this traffic and gradient of the roadway.
In general, most of the land uses along the arterial roadways is commercial and industrial.
However, there are a number of single - family homes that are located adjacent to arterials.
Boats - The City of Newport has the largest small boat harbor in Southern California,
bordered by thousands of residents. The 10,000 boats that operate near noise- sensitive
residential uses that border much of Newport Bay. Noise associated with these boats may
be a problem to these residences. Of particular concern are the charter boats which
generate engine noise, use loudspeakers, and generate noise from the occupants of the
charter.
3.1.2 Non - Transportation Noise Sources (Stationary Noise Sources)
There are many stationary noise sources within the boundaries of the City of Newport
Beach. Some of these stationary noise sources include, but are not limited to,
restaurant/bar /entertainment establishments, mechanical equipment, residential party noise,
residential recreational facilities including basketball courts and skateboard ramps, and
barking dogs. Some of these noise sources will be discussed in greater detail below.
Restaraaw/BarlDdertairunenl &1ablis1wients - Numerous restaurants and bars and
entertainment establishments on PCH, the Peninsula, and Balboa Island have been subject
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
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to noise complaints in the past. There are many of these types of establishments near or
adjacent to residential areas. This close proximity to noise sensitive areas, the potentially
high noise levels that these establishments are able to produce, and the late hours of
operation are some reasons for the number of noise complaints that have been made in
the past.
Mixed Use (Conmrercial/Residential) - The section above discusses the problems of noise
from restaurant/bar/entertainment establishments affecting nearby residences where as this
section discusses the unique problems associated with mixed use areas. In a mixed use
building, a portion of it may be used as commercial (i.e. office space, restaurant, market,
dry cleaner, etc.) and the remaining portion may be used as residential. This juxtaposition
of two distinctly different land use types presents a disparity in the appropriate noise
standards to be applied. Such mixed uses can range from a small retail structure with a
residence unit on the second floor (as seen on parts of Balboa Island and the Balboa
Peninsula) to larger commercial properties that include a residential component. On the
one hand, requiring that the commercial portion conform to the more strict residential
noise standards would make operating the commercial facility difficult. On the other
hand, applying the commercial noise standards to the entire project would make the noise
exposure levels at the residential portion of the building potentially too high. Mixed use
projects represent a unique and difficult noise environment in terms of land use planning
policy. There are advantages to mixed use areas. Therefore, it is important that a
program be developed that allows mixed use developments to operate with a minimum
amount of conflict.
Mecluutical .Equipment Noise - Various Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning
(HVAC) installations and occasional pool and spa pumps can be noise intrusions. This
is a problem especially in areas like Balboa Island, Lido Island, and the peninsula where
the homes are very close together. With the lack of side yard space available between
homes, there are very few options for the placement of the air conditioning units to obtain
maximum separation from neighboring homes. Noise barriers or enclosures are very
difficult to design for air conditioners because air conditioning units require large
clearances around the unit for proper ventilation. These clearance requirements result in
very large enclosures or ineffective noise reduction. The use of air conditioners poses a
significant conflict between the desire to achieve low noise levels and the ability of
residents to own and operate air conditioners. In areas of the City with small side yard
areas this conflict may not have an easy resolution. Note that pool and spa equipment
is somewhat easier to mitigate because the required clearances for ventilation are smaller
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Dmjt 4125194
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•
/9
and barriers and enclosures can be more effective. There has also been some concern
over the noise created by pulse heaters. These heaters, as their name suggest, operate
with pulses of air passing through the unit and can generate noise characterized by a
rhythmic pulse. This type of noise can become very disturbing. There have also been
noise problems from the Hoag Hospital physical plant. This mechanical equipment is
large since it must service a large facility; therefore the noise levels can become loud.
• There are condominiums adjacent to the Hoag Hospital that are exposed to the noise
generated by the physical plant.
Residential Party Noise - Residential party noise, particularly on Balboa Island, the
Balboa Peninsula, and in the West Newport Area Balboa Peninsula has been an ongoing
problem. The West Newport area, for example, has a high percentage of short term rental
units which, combined with the close proximity of the housing units, has been the cause
of many complaints within the City of Newport Beach. There are difficulties in trying
to control party noise. If a noise limit is established for enforcement using a quantitative
measure, the code enforcer, either a staff member from the City of Newport Beach
Planning Department or from the Police Department, would be required to make noise
measurements of the intrusive noise. Often, the disturbing levels of noise that were
generated by a party is reduced once a code enforcer arrives on the premises to make
measurements. Therefore, party noise level measurements may be an impractical means
of party noise enforcement since it is often not possible to accurately capture the loud
noise levels being generated by the party. Historically, police officers use their judgment
for identifying and controlling party noise problems.
Boat Party Noise - In addition to residential party noise, boat parties which take place
on the boat while it is docked can be a source of noise. Since most of the socializing on
private boats takes place on deck (i.e. outdoors), there is little or no means of attenuation
from the party noise as many of the boats are in private marinas or docked in front of
residences. However, charter boats, generally larger in size and carrying large numbers
of paid passengers need to control on -deck noise by means of eliminating outside
loudspeakers.
Recreational Activities- Another source of stationary noise in the City of Newport Beach
is noise from recreational activities such as league and youth sporting games. These are
sometimes scheduled during early morning hours on the weekends and can be
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4123194
REVISED 9128194
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a source of noise intrusion on nearby residences. The typical type of noise generated
include people shouting and whistles/horns blowing. Some sporting events may also
utilize PA systems.
Barking Dogs - There are many dogs within the City of Newport Beach boundaries.
Dog barks can be characterized as being impulsive and startling or continuous and
sustained. In either event, it can be a major source of noise disturbance. Most people •
keep their dogs outdoors which makes it very difficult to attenuate the noise due to these
barking dogs.
3.2 Noise Sensitive Receptors
The City of Newport Beach has a number of public and private educational facilities,
hospitals, convalescent homes and other facilities that are considered noise sensitive.
However, the primary noise sensitive use within the City is residential use. The
distribution of these sensitive uses varies from quiet residential areas to loud residential
such as those areas adjacent to the freeway.
3.3 Community Noise Measurement Survey
Based upon the identification of the major noise sources and the location of sensitive
receptors, a noise measurement survey was conducted. The function of the survey was
threefold. The first function was to determine the existing noise levels at noise sensitive
land uses. The second function was to provide empirical data for the correlation and
validation of the computer modeled noise environment. A third important aspect of the
survey was to obtain an accurate description of the ambient noise levels in various
communities throughout the City. The Technical Appendix to this Element provides a
complete description of a series of comprehensive noise measurements made throughout
the City of Newport Beach.
3.4 Measurement Procedure
Thirty eight sites were selected for measurement of the noise environment in Newport
Beach. A review of noise complaints and identification of major noise sources in the
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT 0reil14125194 PAGE 10
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•
community provided the initial base for development of the community noise survey.
The measurement locations were selected on the basis of proximity to major noise
sources and noise sensitivityof the land use. The measurement locations are shown in
Figure 1. Noise measurements at five of the sites (sites 24 & 28 -31) along the beach
were repeated once during a summer weekday and once again during a summer
weekend.
The Newport Beach Noise Element measurement survey utilized the Brael & Kjaer 2231
automated digital noise data acquisition system for short-term (15 minutes) LEQ
readings. This instrument automatically calculates both the Equivalent Noise Level
(LEQ) and Percent Noise Level (L %) for any specific time period. The noise monitor
was equipped with a Briiel & Kjaer Type 4155 1/2 inch electret microphone and was
calibrated with a BrGel & Kjaer Type 4230 calibrator with calibrations traceable to the
National Bureau of Standards. Calibration for the calibrators are certified through the
duration of the measurements by Briiel & Kjaer. This measurement system satisfies the
ANSI (American National Standards Institute) Standards 1.4 for Type 1 precision noise
measurement instrumentation.
3.5 Measurement Results
The first session of the noise measurement program was conducted on four separate
days. The survey was taken on April 9. 17, 24, and May 7, 1991, at thirty eight
locations throughout the City. As mentioned earlier, measurements at five of the sites
(measurement sites 24, 28, 29, 30, and 31) were repeated twice during the summer: once
during a typical summer weekday (August 28, 1991) and once again during a typical
summer weekend (August 31, 1991). The results of the ambient short -term noise
measurements at each site are depicted in Figure 2 (Parts 1 -6). These figures also depict
the primary noise source affecting the noise environment. The quantities measured were
the Equivalent Noise Level (Leq), the maximum noise level (Lmax) and the Percent
Noise Levels (L%).
Detailed listings of the measurements are summarized in the Technical Appendix.
NEWPORT BEACB NOISE ELEMENT Dr,*4125194
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3.6 Community Noise Contours
Noise contours for all of the major transportation noise sources in Newport Beach were
developed for existing conditions and future conditions. These contours were determined
from the traffic levels for these sources. The contours are expressed in terms of the
Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL). The existing conditions scenario was
• derived from 1991 traffic levels. Future conditions are presented for the 20 year time
period of Post 2010 and are based on complete build -out of the General Plan.
The traffic noise levels projected in the Noise Element were computed using the
Highway Noise Model published by the Federal Highway Administration ( "FHWA
Highway Traffic Noise Prediction Model," FHWA -RD -77 -108, December 1978). The
FHWAModel uses traffic volume, vehicle mix, vehicle speed, and roadway geometry to
compute the LEQ noise level. A computer code has been written which computes
equivalent noise levels for each of the time periods used in CNEL. Weighting these
noise levels and summing them results in the CNEL for the traffic projections used. The
traffic data used to project these noise levels are derived from the current update to the
Circulation Element for the City. The traffic mix data for the arterials are based on
measurements for roadways in Southern California and are considered typical for
arterials in this area.
The existing roadway noise contours are shown in Figure 3. These contours are based
on existing traffic volumes that were obtained from the City of Newport Beach Traffic
Engineering Division. The existing traffic volumes are the winter, 1991 traffic counts.
There are some roadway links in the City of Newport Beach for which traffic counts
were not made during winter, 1991. For these roadway links, the summer and fall,
1986, and summer, 1988 traffic counts were used to supplement the winter, 1991 traffic
counts. The future traffic noise contours are shown in Figure 4. These contours are
based on future year 2010 projected traffic volumes generated by Austin -Foust
Associates in October, 1991 and represent full build out of the General Plan.
The Calendar Year 1992 Report (January through December, 1992) for the John Wayne
Airport was published by the County of Orange. In addition the County prepared EIR
546 addressing the change in the Phase II Access Plan Noise Limits to accommodate the
FAA required change in departure procedures. Noise contours for the John Wayne
Airport for calendar year 1992 are shown in Figure 5. The noise contours shown were
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
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CNEL CONTOURS
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generated using a computer noise model and calibrated to match measured noise levels at
the permanent noise monitoring sites operated by the airport. Figure 6 shows the noise
contours from EIR 508 (for 1985 Master Plan for John Wayne Airport) which represents
the planning contours used by the County of Orange and AirpdrtLand Use Commission
and represents realization of the full 8.4 million annual passengers permitted by the
Access Plan in accordance with the 1985 Settlement Agreement between the County of
Orange, the City of Newport Beach, The Airport Working Group, and SPON which is a
private environmental interest group. It is shown that a portion of the City of Newport
Beach is within the 60 CNEL aircraft noise contour. A portion of the unincorporated of
the County of Orange that is in the City's sphere of influence, Santa Ana Heights, is
within the 65 CNEL contour. These contours represent the maximum noise acceptable to
the City of Newport Beach and form the basis for land use and land planning decisions.
The City will not rezone or redesignate any residential land use to make it consistent with
any increase in noise resulting from the expiration of, termination of or modification to
the JWA Settlement Agreement.
Noise contours represent lines of equal noise exposure, just as the contour lines on a
topographic map are lines of equal elevation. The contours shown on the maps are the 60.
and 65 dB CNEL noise levels. The noise contours presented should be used as a guide
for land use planning. The 60 dB CNEL contour defines the Noise Referral Zone. This is
the noise level for which noise considerations should be included when making land use
policy decisions. The 65 dB CNEL contour describes the area for which new noise
sensitive developments will be permitted only if appropriate mitigation measures are
included such that the standards contained in this Element are achieved. Currently, no
property designated for residential development is within the 65 CNEL contour area and
no new residential development should be permitted. The reason for this restriction
inside aircraft - generated 65 CNEL contours is that there is no practical way to mitigate
against aircraft noise in an exterior living area, while it is possible and practical to
mitigate against ground -based traffic noise.
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
PACE 24
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4.0 POLICIES AND IMPLEMENTATION
In order to develop policies and implementation measures, there must first be some
quantitative noise level goals be met. These goals are established here in 2 forms. The
first is a land use/noise compatibility matrix and the second are performance standards for
• design of facilities. A third set of quantitative noise level goals for controlling noise of
stationary sources is presented later in the policies section.
The land use /noise compatibility matrix is presented in Table 1. This matrix is used at the
zoning level of project review to evaluate land use suitability relative to the noise
environment. The indoor and outdoor noise standards for various land uses are
presented in Table 2. These noise standards are design performance requirements that are
not to be exceeded. Any land use that is unable to meet the appropriate design noise
standard would be deemed inconsistent with this Noise Element of the General Plan of
the City of Newport Beach. These standards are evaluated during project review at the
design level of review including site design review and building permit review. It should
be noted that only the interior noise standard of 45 CNEL for residential uses is required
by the State of California and it applies only to multi- family projects (California Noise
Insulation Standards, California Administrative Code, Title 24, Part 2). The design
noise standards specified in Table 2 provide the quantified standards for the goals in this
Noise Element and extend the interior 45 CNEL requirement to single family dwellings.
The policies and their associated programs that follow are intended to guide the
development of implementation actions in order to achieve the goals of the Noise
Element. In order to achieve the goals and objectives of the Noise Element, an effective
implementation program is necessary. The underlying purpose is to reduce the number
of people exposed to excessive noise and to minimize the future effect of noise in the
City. Following the policies are measures that the City should consider implementing to
control the impacts of noise in Newport Beach.
NEWPORTBEICH NOISE ELEMENT Dri*4125194 PAGE 25 "'
3k
Table I
LAND USE NOISE COMPATIBILITY MATRIX
LAND USE CATEGORIES
COMMUNITY NOISE EQUIVALENT LEVEL
CNEL
CA'F.GORIES .USES
RESIDENTIAL
Single Family, Two Family,
A
A
B
B
C
D
D
Multiple Family
RESIDENTIAL.
Mobile Home
A
A
B
C
C
D
D
COMMERCIAL
Hotel, Motel, Transient Lodging
A
A
B
B
C
C
D
Regional, District
COMMERCIAL
Regional, Village
Commercial Retail, Bank
A
A
A
A
B
B
C
Distnet.Special
Restauaot, Movie Theane
COMMERCIAL
Office Building. Research and
WDUSTRIAL
Development, Ptofessiooal
A
A
A
B
B
C
D
LNSTITLIIIONAL
Offices, City Office Building
COMMERCIAL
Amphitheaue, Concert Hall
Recreation
Auditorium, Meeting Hall
B
B
C
C
D
D
D
INSTITUTIONAL
Civic Center
Childress Amusement Park.
COMMERCIAL
Miniature Golf Course, Go-cart Track,
Recreation
Equestrian Center, Sports Club
A
A
A
B
B
D
D
COMMERCIAL
Automobile Service Station, Auto
General, Special
Dealership, Manufacturing,
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
INDUSTRIALJNSTITUTIONAL
Warehousing, Wholesale, Utilities
INSTITUTIONAL
Hospital, Church, Library
General
schools' Classro m
A
A
B
C
C
D
D
OPEN SPACE
Parks
A
A
A
B
C
D
D
Golf Course, Caaetariea,
OPEN SPACE
Nature CentersWildlife Reserves,
A
A
A
A
B
C
C
Wildlife Habitat
AGRICULTURE
Agdc iture
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
INTERPRETATION
ZANE A Specified land use is satisfactory, based upon the assumption that any
CLEARLY COMPATIBLE builcings involved are of normal conventional construction without
any special noise insulation requirements.
ZONE B New construction or development should be undertaken only after delailed
NORMALLY COMPATIBLE analysis of the noise reduction requirements are made and needed
noise insulation features in the design are determined. Conventional
construction, with closed windows and fresh air supply systems or air
conditioning, will normally suffive.
ZONE C New construction or development should generally be discouraged. if new
NORMALLY INCOMPATIBLE coosauctiou or development does proceed, a detailed aualysis of noise
reduction requirements must be made and needed noise insulation features
included in the design.
ZONED New construction or development should geoerally not be undertaken.
CLEARLY INCOMPATIBLE
PAGE 26
SOURCE: Mesue Oreve Associates
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Table 2
INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR NOISE STANDARDS
LAND USE CATEGORIES
ENERGY AVERAGE CNEL
CATEGORIES USES
z
INTERIOR I EXTERIOR
RESIDENTIAL
S'utgle Fmily,Two Family,
Muldpie Farnily
s
45 55
65
Mobile Home
'—
s
65
COMMERCIAL
Hotel, Motel, Transient Lodging
45
65 6
INDUSTRIAL
INSTITUTIONAL
Commercial Relil, Bank
55
--
Restaunffi
Office Building, Research and
Development. Professional
5o
--
ffices city Office Building
Amphitheatre, Concert Hall
45
Auditorium. Muting Hall
Gymoasium(Multipurpose)
50
--
Sports Club
55
--
Manufachniog, Warehousing,
65
—_
wholesale, Uuuues
Movie Thatra
45
—
INSTITUTIONAL
Hospital, School' eluuoom
45
65
Church, 11bmy
45
—
OPEN SPACE
Parks
__
65
INTERPRETATION
1. Indoor environment excluding: Bathrooms, toilets, closets, corridors.
2. Outdoor environment limited to: Private yard of single family
Multi -family private patio or balcony which is served by a means of exit from inside.
Mobile home Park
Hospital patio
Parl's pie: is area
School's playground
Hotel and motel recreation area
3. Noise level requirement with closed windows. Mechanical ventilating system or other means of
natural ventilation shall be provided as of Chapter 12, Section 1205 of UBC.
4 Noise level mquiremeot with open windows, if they are used to meet natural ventilation requirement
5. Exterior Boise should be such that interior umse level will not exceed 45 CNEL.
6. Except those areas around the airport within the 65 CNEL contour.
PAGE 27
SOURCE. Muue Greve Associates 3
GOAL 4.1 - Provide programs that will reduce the noise levels in existing noise sensitive
areas where the noise environment has already reached unacceptable levels and ensuring
that new development in these areas is compatible with surrounding noise levels.
RELATED POLICY 4.1 - Provide for reduction in noise impacts from transportation •
related noise sources. Implementation options that the City may consider include:
4.1.1 The City shall require the employment of noise mitigation measures for private
outdoor yard areas in the design of City arterial road improvement projects
consistent with funding capability.
4.1.2 The City shall require the use of walls, berms or other noise mitigation measures
in the design of new residential or other new noise sensitive land uses that are
adjacent to major roads. Application of the Noise Standards in Table 2 shall
govern this requirement.
4.1.3 The City shall seek to reduce transportation noise through proper design and
coordination of transportation routing. As part of the evaluation of commercial
projects, truck movements and routes in the City shall be evaluated to provide
effective separation from residential or other noise sensitive land uses. For
example, adding truck traffic to an arterial with adjacent commercial development
along the roadway creates less of a relative noise impact than adding the truck
traffic to a smaller roadway, such as a collector or secondary arterial, where the
land use is predominantly residential.
4.1.4 The City shall encourage the enforcement of State Motor Vehicle noise standards
for cars, trucks, and motorcycles through coordination with the California
Highway Patrol and Newport Beach Police Department.
4.1.5 The City shall require that noise be considered as part of the City approval process
for charter boating operations (Marine Charter Permit, Section 518 Municipal
Code, Commercial Harbor Activities Permit, Section 1741 Municipal Code).
Specifically, Conditions of Approval will require operators to not exceed the noise
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMIENT Draft 4115194
REVISED 9118194 PAGE 18
39
limits contained in the Noise Ordinance at residential land uses along the bay.
Exceptions would be granted for purposes of safety (audible warning devices),
maintenance (per the limits in hours of such activity contained in the Noise
Ordinance), sporting events, and sports training activities.
• 4.1.6 The City shall ensure that the Zoning Ordinance, Circulation Element and Land
Use Element of the General Plan fully integrate the policies adopted as part of this
Noise Element. The Zoning Ordinance and Land Use Element shall reflect the
requirements for consideration of noise in land use planning and zoning actions
and the Circulation Element shall reflect this elements recommendations for noise
mitigation as part of circulation improvement projects.
4.1.6.1 The City shall establish a program to secure funding for the
construction of noise barriers to protect private outdoor yard areas
along arterial roadways where existing homes are exposed to noise
levels above the City noise standards and develop a priority
program for the construction of such barriers. A potential source of
such finding may be a fee for new projects which generate new
traffic within the City as well as road improvement funds where
road improvements are made. The amount of these fees should be
proportional to the amount of the new traffic that is caused by the
new project. It should be recognized that noise barriers will not
always be feasible mitigation to roadway noise. Noise barriers are
most feasible for single family homes where the rear yards are
adjacent to the roadway. The feasibility of other situations should
be evaluated on a case by case basis.
GOAL 4.2 - Provide sufficient information concerning the community noise environment
by presenting current and forecast noise levels so that noise can be objectively considered
in land use planning decisions in the City of Newport Beach. This inventory of the noise
environment within the City will identify the different types of noise sources, noise
sensitive receptors, and some unique noise issues that face the City of Newport Beach.
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEUENT Draft 4125194
REVISED 9128194
PAGE 29
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RELATED POLICY 4.2 - Incorporate noise considerations into land use planning
decisions. This policy is intended to prevent future noise and land -use incompatibilities.
This policy will be achieved through adopting one or more of the following optional
programs:
4.2.1 The City shall establish standards that specify acceptable limits of noise for
various land uses throughout the City including schools, hospitals, convalescent
homes, and other noise sensitive areas. These criteria are designed to fully
integrate noise considerations into land use planning to prevent new noise/land use
conflicts. Table 1 showed criteria used to assess the compatibility of proposed land
uses with the noise environment. These criteria are the bases for the development
of specific Noise Standards. These standards, presented in Table 2, define the City
policies related to land uses and acceptable noise levels. These tables are the
primary tools which allow the City to ensure noise integrated planning for
compatibility between land uses and outdoor noise. The City shall require that all
new projects within the City demonstrate compliance with these standards at the
time of building permit application.
4.2.1.1 Mixed use projects shall be given special consideration during
design review and Building Permit review. Every effort shall be
made to ensure that the noise sensitive portions of mixed use
projects meet all City noise requirements. The Planning
Commission shall have the right to relax the exterior noise
standards for residential uses provided that such areas are limited
in size, that the project is oriented for adults, and that the interior
45 CNEL is met.
4.2.1.2 The City shall establish a threshold at which a remodel must
comply with the Noise Standards shown in Table 2. In all cases all
new room additions must meet the interior noise requirement. If the
remodel involves addition of more than 50% new floor area, then
all rooms in the structure must meet the interior noise standards
shown in Table 2.
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
REVISED 9128194 PAGE 30
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4.2.1.3 In -fill projects in existing residential areas adjacent to major
arterials shall be given special consideration. Certain areas of the
City such as Balboa Boulevard have residences very close to the
• road and construction (new or remodel) may have difficulty
meeting the exterior noise standards for residential uses. The
Planning Commission may relax the exterior noise requirements if
it can be shown that there are no feasible mechanisms to meet the
exterior noise levels. The interior standard of 45 CNEL shall not
be relaxed for any residential project.
4.2.2 The City shall require acoustical design in new construction. The City shall
continue to enforce the State of California Uniform Building Code provisions that
specifies that the indoor noise levels for residential living spaces not exceed 45 dB CNEL
due to the combined effect of all noise sources. The State requires implementation of this
standard when the outdoor noise levels exceed 60 dB CNEL. The Noise Referral Zones
(60 dB CNEL) can be used to determine when this standard needs to be addressed. The
Uniform Building Code (specifically, the California Administrative Code, Title 24, Part
6, Division T25, Chapter 1, Subchapter 1, Article 4, Sections T25 -28) requires that
"Interior community noise levels (CNELILDN) with windows closed, attributable to
exterior sources shall not exceed an annual CNEL or LDN of 45 dB in any habitable
romp." The code requires that this standard be applied to all new hotels, motels, apartment
houses and dwellings other than detached single - family dwellings. The City shall also
apply this standard to single family dwellings.
4.2.2.1 The City shall provide access to a large scale map of roadway and
CNEL contours anticipated for future conditions. Projects outside
the relevant contours shall need no further demonstration of
compliance with these standards. Prior to issuance of Building
Permits noise sensitive uses within the 60 CNEL contour shall
demonstrate through technical studies that the project will meet
interior noise standards and exterior noise standards, if any. Such
studies shall be conducted by persons qualified to perform such
studies as demonstrated by Membership in the Institute of Noise
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
REVISED 9128194 PAGE 31
/02
Control Engineers (INCE) or be Registered Professional Engineer
in the State of California.
4.2.2.2 The City shall require that prior to issuance of building permits for
multi- family structures the applicant demonstrate that the design of
the structure will adequately isolate noise between adjacent units
(party walls and common floor /ceilings) per Chapter 35 of the
Uniform Building Code.
4.2.3 The City shall consider establishing standards for all certain of noise not already
governed by local ordinances or preempted by state or federal law as the need requires.
COAL 4.3 - Provide policies and implementation measures that will protect and maintain
those areas of the city that have acceptable noise environments. This includes protecting
those areas affected by both transportation related noise as well stationary noise sources.
RELATED POLICY 4.3 - Provide for reduction in noise impacts from non - transportation
noise impacts. The focus of control of noise from non - transportation sources is the Noise
Ordinance. The Noise Ordinance is used to protect people from noise generated by people
or machinery on adjacent properties.
Note that enforcement of party noise impacts and barking dog impacts are presented as
optional components of the Noise Ordinance. If not included in the ordinance they would
remain a function of police department enforcement action per existing City policy. This
is done because the noise ordinance enforcement is through specific site measurements.
Neither party noise nor barking dogs, by virtue of their intermittent and unpredictable
'schedule,' are easily measured for enforcement purposes and the presence of enforcement
personnel can influence the resulting measurements, i.e, party goers quiet down when city
officials arrive or dogs bark at the measurement personnel.
4.3.1 The City shall adopt a new comprehensive noise ordinance to ensure that City
residents are not exposed to excessive noise levels from stationary noise sources.
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Dmfr 4125194
REVISED 9128194 PAGE 32
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The purpose of the ordinance is to protect people from non - transportation related
noise sources such as music, machinery, pumps and air conditioners. The noise
ordinance does not apply to motor vehicle noise on public streets or to any
aircraft. The noise ordinance is designed to protect quiet residential areas (or other
• land uses requiring quiet, such as hospitals or convalescent homes, etc.) from
stationary noise sources. Land uses are determined by their actual use and not by
the current zoning designation. All new noise sources would be required to meet
the noise ordinance at the time of construction. Existing noise sources would be
given a 2 year period to be brought into compliance. The noise ordinance should
be similar to the Noise Ordinance provided in the appendix. The Noise Ordinance
compliance and enforcement shall be designed for easy application by City staff.
4.3.1.1 The control of noise from parties at residential sites and noise from
barking dogs shall not be included in the noise ordinance, but shall
remain a function of the Police Department as provided by existing
City Code.
4.3.2 All new building permits shall be issued based on compliance with the noise limits
in the Noise Ordinance. A specific set of conditions shall be developed for the
issuance of building permits that include mechanical equipment. Maximum noise
levels shall be defined. Definitions of noise sensitive areas of residential properties
shall be defined and compliance demonstrated prior to the issuance of a building
permit.
4.3.2.1 Air- conditioners present special problems in areas of the City
where side yard setbacks are very small (Balboa Island, Lido
Island, and Balboa Peninsula). Air - conditioners are exempt from
enforcement action under the Noise Ordinance. New permits for
air - conditioners would be issued only where such installations can
be shown by computation, based on the Sound Rating of the
proposed equipment, to not exceed an A- weighted Sound Pressure
Level of 55 dBA. The method of computation used shall be that
specified in "Standard Application of Sound Rated Outdoor Unitary
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
REVISED 9128194 PAGE 33
7-
Equipment," Standard 275, Air - conditioning and Refrigeration
Institute, 1984 or latest revision thereof.
4.3.2.2 In the event that air - conditioning equipment cannot meet the
requirements set forth above, then the noise limit for such
equipment may be raised to 65 dBA provided that the applicant
obtains the written consent of all owners of affected property.
4.3.3 All new use permits shall be issued based on compliance with the noise limits in
the Noise Ordinance. A specific set of conditions shall be developed for the
issuance use permits that include any use that may cause noise impacts on
residential areas. This includes but is not limited to restaurants, bars,
entertainment, parking facilities, and other commercial uses where large numbers
of people may be present. Maximum noise levels shall be defined. Definitions of
noise sensitive areas of residential properties shall be defined and compliance
demonstrated prior to the issuance of the use permit. Restaurants, bars, and other
entertainment type uses may be subject to a special provision of the regulation
that requires that operators of a facility with a noise violation history be required
to conduct on site noise monitoring to verify compliance with the noise limits.
4.3.4 City enforcement of the community Noise Ordinance shall be the responsibility
of the Code Enforcement staff of the Planning Department. The most effective
method to control community noise impacts from non - transportation noise sources
is through application of the community noise ordinance. It shall be the policy of
the City to notify applicants for building permits that include mechanical
equipment of the existence of the Noise Ordinance. Examples would include
applicants for pools, spas, or air conditioners in which mechanical equipment is
located near residential property lines as well as certain industrial activities and
loading operations. The City may require as a condition of project approval, at its
discretion, noise measurement data be provided to the City after construction
demonstrating compliance with the Noise Ordinance.
4.3.4.1 The computational demonstration of compliance with noise limits
NEWPORT SEA CH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4123194
REVISED 9128194 PAGE 34
•
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shall be reviewed and approved by the Building Department prior
to issuance of building permits for air conditioning equipment.
• RELATED POLICY - Resolving existing and potential conflicts between various noise
sources and other human activities.
4.3.5 The City shall enforce the limits on hours of construction activity in or adjacent
to residential areas in order to reduce the intrusion of noise in the early morning
and late evening hours and on weekends and holidays (see Noise Ordinance for
specific hours). At the time of project approval (use permit) the City shall ensure,
through conditions of approval, that adequate noise control measures at all
construction sites is provided (through the provision of mufflers and the physical
separation of machinery maintenance areas from adjacent residential uses).
4.3.6 The City shall establish and maintain coordination among the City agencies
involved in noise abatement. Ensure the continued operation of noise enforcement
efforts of the City through 'the Code Enforcement Officer and the Police
Department.
4.3.7 As a condition of use permit approval, the City shall limit delivery hours for
stores with loading areas or docks fronting, siding, bordering, or gaining access
on driveways adjacent to noise sensitive areas. Exemption from this restriction
should be based solely on full compliance with the nighttime noise limits in the
Noise Ordinance. Grocery stores are the major concern for late night delivery
noise. The City shall consider limiting delivery hours as part of the use permit for
such projects when noise sensitive uses are within 100 feet of loading areas unless
it can be shown that such noise is in full compliance with the Noise Ordinance.
The City shall consider potential effects of such limits relative to increasing peak
hour truck movements. In particular, the City shall consider in determining limits
on delivery hours if such limits on delivery hours will result in increased peak
hour truck movements and corresponding potential increases in air quality impacts.
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
REVISED 9128194 PAGE 35
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4.3.8 The City shall enforce the Noise Ordinance noise limits and limits on hours of
maintenance or construction activity in or adjacent to residential areas that result
from in -home hobby or work related activities.
GOAL 4.4 - To establish a comprehensive program and minimize the impact of noise •
generated by aircraft departing JWA and the quality of life for Newport Beach residents
by preserving the operational restrictions at JWA, investigating ways to extend or
strengthen those restrictions, and encouraging the development of a second commercial
airport in Orange County.
RELATED POLICY 4.4.1 - Preservation of the JWA Settlement Agreement. The City
Council and staff shall take all steps necessary to protect the validity of the JWA
Settlement Agreement. These steps include, without limitation, the following:
The City shall oppose, or seek protection from, and Federal legislative or
regulatory action that would or could affect or impair the County's ability to
operate JWA consistent with the provisions of the JWA Settlement Agreement or
the City's ability to enforce the Settlement Agreement. City staff shall continue to
monitor possible amendment of the Airport Noise and Capacity Act of 1990 as
well as various FAA Regulations and Advisory Circulars that relate to aircraft
departure procedures.
2. The City shall maintain membership in NOISE and/or other groups whose primary
purpose is to preserve the right of airport proprietors or noise impacted residents
to establish or enforce reasonable restrictions to reduce the noise impact of
commercial aircraft operations.
3. The City shall request, and assist the County in implementing, improvements to
the comprehensive noise control program at JWA, which are consistent with the
terms and provisions of the Settlement Agreement, and do not adversely impact
airport capacity or safety. Such improvements could include, without limitation,
the following:
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4123194
REVISED 9128194 PAGE 36
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(a) Implementation of aircraft flight or departure procedures which assure the
community of the best feasible noise abatement;
(b) The preservation of the existing permanent remote monitoring stations and
the upgrade of the current noise monitoring system whenever feasible;
(c) Continued enforcement of the General Aviation Noise Ordinance.
4.4.2 Possible Extension of the Settlement Agreement.
City staff is directed to continue to discuss and, subject to City Council approval,
negotiate amendments to the JWA Settlement Agreement. The City Council will not
approve any amendments to the Settlement Agreement absent FAA approval, preservation
of the curfew, and a permanent reduction in the number of permitted departures by the
noisiest commercial aircraft currently using the airport. These are the minimum criteria
that must be satisfied before the Council will even consider any limited increase in the
number of permitted commercial jet departures or passenger service levels.
4.4.3 The airport noise and transportation source noise assumptions in this Element are
based upon provisions of the John Wayne Airport Settlement Agreement, the
Phase 2 Access Plan and Quarterly Noise Report Update prepared by JWA
administration. The current 65 CNEL contours and the 85 SNEL contours, which
are based upon the fleet mix and average number of ADD for the first quarter of
1994, are the basis for the existing densities and intensities of development
authorized in the Land Use Element. An increase of 5 %, or more in the area
within the 65 CNEL or the 85 SNEL would be inconsistent with this Element and
the Land Use Element.
4.4.4 Modifications to the Phase 2 Access Plan and/or John Wayne Airport Settlement
Agreement that would reduce airport capacity or affect aircraft safety shall not be
permitted. The City shall not agree to any modification to the John Wayne
Airport Settlement Agreement or Phase 2 Access Plan unless the Federal Aviation
NEivPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
REVISED 9128194
PAGE 37
Jr�
Administration has issued written commitments that the amendments do not affect
or impair the grandfathered status of the Access Plan or Settlement Agreement
pursuant to provision of the Airport Noise and Capacity Act of 1990.
NEtVPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
REVISED 9128194 PACE 38
CJ
dl?
5.0 ANALYSIS
5.1 Noise Definitions
Sound is technically described in terms of the loudness (amplitude) and frequency (pitch)
of the sound. The standard unit of measurement of the loudness of sound is the Decibel
• (dB). Since the human ear is not equally sensitive to sound at all frequencies, a special
frequency - dependent rating scale has been devised to relate noise to human sensitivity.
The A- weighted decibel scale (dBA) performs this compensation by discriminating
against frequencies in a manner approximating the sensitivity of the human ear.
Decibels are based on the logarithmic scale. The logarithmic scale compresses the wide
range in sound pressure levels to a more usable range of numbers in a manner similar to
the way that the Richter scale is used to measure earthquakes. In terms of human
response to noise, a sound 10 dBA higher than another is judged to be twice as loud; and
20 dBA higher four times as loud; and so forth. Everyday sounds normally range from
30 dB (very quiet) to 100 dB (very loud). Examples of various sound levels in different
environments are shown in Figure 7.
Sound levels decrease as a function of distance from the source as a result of wave
divergence, atmospheric absorption, and ground attenuation. As the sound wave travels
away from the source, the sound energy is spread over a greater area, dispersing the
sound power-of the wave. Atmospheric absorption also influences the levels that are
received by the observer. The greater the distance traveled, the greater the influence and
the resultant fluctuations. The degree of absorption is a function of the frequency of the
sound as well as the humidity and temperature of the air. Turbulence and gradients of
wind, temperature and humidity also play a significant role in determining the degree of
attenuation.
Noise has been defined as unwanted sound and it is known to have several adverse
effects on people. From these known effects of noise, criteria have been established to
help protect the public health and safety and prevent disruption of certain human
activities. This criteria is based on such known effects of noise on people as hearing loss
(not generally a factor with community noise), communication interference, sleep
interference, physiological responses and annoyance. Each of these potential noise
impacts on people are briefly discussed in the following narratives:
NENPORTBEACH NOISE ELEMENT Drq?4125194 PAGE 39 61
M
SOUND LEVELS AND LOUDNESS OF ILLUSTRATIVE NOISES IN INDOOR AND OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTS
(A -Seale Weighted Sound Levels)
SOURCE: Reproduced 6om %fclville C. Branch and R Dale Bdard. Outdoor Nolte i_ the Mm
eo oll Environment
i
Published by the City of as Angeles. 1970. p.2.
_ Nolte
7
MESTREGREVF.ASSOCIATO I Examples of Sound Levels in Different Environments
OVERALL LEVEL
Sound Pressure
LOUDNESS
dB(A)
Level
Appror. 0.0002
COMMUNITY
11OME OR INDUSTRY
ssew.a ).ea.e..t
a
Microbar
.
(Outdoor)
Dine reat 3...a
L...1.
130
LTCONTORTABLY
.%[Wury ly AiaraR Take4WWith Afe bums
Olygen Tach(121)
120dB(A)32Timvas Laud
From Aircraft Carrier @50 Ft. (130)
120
LOD
Turbo Fm Aiaraft @Take Off Power
Ri.t:Lig Machine (I 10)
110
@200 Fe (90)
Ronk. \.RoB Bond (109. I14)
110 dB(A) 16 Tutus as Laud
Iv Flyover @ 1000 A. (103)
100
Boeing 707. DC-9 @ 6080 Fl.
Befog Landing (106)
100 dB(A) BTuna as Loud
_ VERY
Bell f.2A Helicoptere 100 R (100)
Pawu Mower (96)
9 0
CIX,D
Boeingg 737, DC-9 @ 6080 Ft
Bdoa Landnt (97)
New Pecs 97)
sP'Per (
90 dB(A)d Tm alaud
%lotorcycle 025 Ft (90)
Car Wash @ 20 R (89)
Food Blearier (3S)
80
Prop. Airplane Flyover @ 1000 Ft. (88)
Diesel Truck, a0 MPH @ 50 R (Sri)
-\filling Mschme (85)
80 dB(A) 2Turas as Loud
Nand Train. 45 \IpH @ 100 Ft (83)
Gasbsg.DisPcel (801
High Urban Ambient Sound (80)
70
MODERATELY
Passenger Car. 65 MPH @ 25 Ft. (f))
Living Rocs Music (76)
LOLD
Faeway @ 50 Fa Fran Psvemvu
TV- Audio. VacuumLleanv
70deW
Edge, 10:00 AM (76 far, 6)
Cash Rc&w @ 10 Fe (6570)
60
Air Conditioning Unit @100 R. (6D)
Elecud. Typewia®10 FL (64)
Dishwasher Wirrx) @IOFt(60)
60 dB(A) IR as lard
Conversation (60)
SO
QL°ET
LargeTrandormers@ 100FL(5%
50 dB(A) lw as laud
40
Bird CaBs (rid)
Lower Limit Urban Ambient Saud (40)
40 dB(A) ]A a Loud
JUST ALDIBLF
(dB(A) Scale hftnuptad)
THRESHOLD
10
OF HEARNIO
SOURCE: Reproduced 6om %fclville C. Branch and R Dale Bdard. Outdoor Nolte i_ the Mm
eo oll Environment
i
Published by the City of as Angeles. 1970. p.2.
_ Nolte
7
MESTREGREVF.ASSOCIATO I Examples of Sound Levels in Different Environments
NEARING LOSS is, in general, not a concern in community noise problems. The
potential for noise - induced hearing loss is more commonly associated with
ocational noise exposures in heavy industry or very noisy work environments with
long -term exposure. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
identifies a noise exposure limit of 90 dBA for 8 hours per day to protect from
hearing loss. Noise levels in neighborhoods, even in very noisy airport
• environments near major international airports, is not sufficiently loud to cause
hearing loss.
COMMUNICATION INTERFERENCE is one of the primary concerns in environmental
noise problems. Communication interference includes speech interference and
activities such as watching television. Normal conversational speech is in the range
of 60 to 65 dBA and any noise in this range or louder may interfere with speech.
There are specific methods of describing speech interference as a function of
distance between speaker and listenerand voice level. Figure 8 shows the percent
of sentence intelligibility with respect to various noise levels.
SLEEP INTERFERENCE is a major noise concern in noise assessment and, of course,
is most critical during nighttime hours. Sleep disturbance is one of the major
causes of annoyance due to community noise. Noise can make it difficult to fall
asleep, and can create momentary disturbances of natural sleep patterns by causing
shifts from deep to lighter stages and cause awakening. Noise may even cause
awakening which a person may or may not be able to recall.
Extensive research has been conductedon the effectof noise on sleep disturbance.
Recommended values for desired sound levels in residential bedroom space range
from 25 to 45 dBA with 35 to 40 dBA being the norm. The National Association of
Noise Control Officials have published data on the probability of sleep disturbance
with various single event noise levels. Based on experimental sleep data as related
to noise exposure, a 75 dBA interior noise level event will cause noise induced
awakening in 30 percent of the cases.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES are those measurable effects of noise on people
which are realized as changes in pulse rate, blood pressure, etc. While such effects
can be induced and observed, the extent is not known to which these physiological
responses cause harm or are sign of harm. Generally, physiological responses are
a reaction to a loud short term noise such as a rifle shot or a very loud jet overflight
ANNOYANCE is the most difficult of all noise responses to describe. Annoyance is a
very individual characteristic and can vary widely from person to person. What one
person considers tolerable can be quite unbearable to another of equal hearing
capability. The level of annoyance, of course, depends on the characteristics of the
noise (i.e.; loudness, frequency spectra, time, and duration), and how much
activity interference (e.g. speech interference and sleep interference) results from
the noise. However, the level of annoyance is also a function of the attitude of the
receiver. Personal sensitivity to noise varies widely. It has been estimated that 2 to
10 percent of the population is highly susceptible to noise not of their own making,
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEVEN Dr4Jt 4125194
PAGE 41
S�Z
;-a
120
110
100
ca
go
0
z
C) 80
z
0
70
0
- I
W
50
HIJ
COMMUNICATION
IMPOSSIBLE
COMMUNICAT
DIFFICULT
POSSIBLE
MAXIMUM
VOCAL EFFORT
ELEVATED
VOICE LEVEL
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
TALKER TO LISTENER DISTANCE IN FEET
MESTRE GREVE ASSOCIATES
FIGURE 8
Noise Levels vs. Speech Intelligibility
while approximately 20 percent are unaffected by noise. Attitudes are affected by
the relationship between the person and the noise source (is it our dog barking or
the neighbor's dog ?). Whether we believe that someone is trying to abate the noise
will also affect our level of annoyance.
5.2 Noise Metric and Assessment Criteria
• Community noise is generally not steady state and varies with time. Under conditions of
non - steady state noise, some type of statistical metric is used to quantify noise exposure
over a long period of time. Several rating scales have been developed for describing the
effects of noise on people. They are designed to account for the known effects of noise
on people.
Based on these effects, the observation has been made that the potential for noise to
impact people is dependent on the total acoustical energy content of the noise. A number
of noise scales have been developed to account for this observation. These scales are:
the Equivalent Noise Level (LEQ), the Day Night Noise Level (LDN), and the
Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL). These scales are described in the
following paragraphs.
LEQ is the "energy" average noise level during the time period of the sample. It is a
number that represents a decibel sound level. This constant sound level would
contain an equal amount of energy as a fluctuating sound level over a given period
of time. LEQ can be measured for any time period, but is typically measured for 15
minutes, I hour or 24- hours.
LDN is a 24 -hour, time - weighted annual average noise level. Time - weighted refers
to the fact that noise which occurs during certain sensitive dineperiods is penalized
for occurringg at these times. In the LDN scale, those events that take place during
the night (10 pm to 7 am) are penalized by 10 dB. This penalty was selected to
attempt to account for increased human sensitivity to noise during the quieterperiod
of a day, where sleep is the most probable activity.
CNEL is similar to the LDN scale except that it includes an additional dBA penalty
for events that occur during the evening (7 pm to 10 pm) time period. EitherLDN
or CNEL may be used to identify community noise impacts within the Noise
Element. Example noise environments in terms of the CNEL metric are shown in
Figure 9.
The public reaction to different noise levels varies from community to community.
Extensive research has been conducted on human responses to exposure of
different levels of noise. Figure 10 relates LDN noise levels to community response
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Dr404125194 PACE 43
o/
CNEL Outdoor Location
—90-
d Apartment Next to Freeway
3/4 Mile From Touchdown at Major Airport
—80—
® -- Downtown With Some Construction Activity
Urban High Density Apartment
,4--- -Urban Row Housing on Major Avenue
Y of Old Urban Residential Area
—510 o Wooded Residential
d Agricultural Crop Land
—40 ® Rural Residential
Wilderness Ambient
—30—
FIGURE 9
AIESTREGREVEASSOCIATES I Typical Outdoor CNEL Noise bevels
COMMUNITY
REACTION
VIGOROUS
COMMUNITY
ACTION
SEVERAL
THREATS OF
LEGAL ACTION,
OR STRONG
APPEALS TO
LOCAL
OFFICIALS TO
STOP NOISE
1VIDESPREAD
COMPLAINTS OR
SINGLETHREAT
OF LEGAL ACTION
SPORADIC
COMPLAINTS
NO REACTION,
ALTHOUGH NOISE IS
GENERALLY
NOTICEABLE
}
}
}
MEAN
ENVELOPE OF
90% OF DATA
DATA
NORMALIZED TO:
- URBAN RESIDENTIAL
AMBIENT NOISE
- SOME PRIOR EXPOSURE
- WINDOWS PARTIALLY OPEN
- NO PURE TONE OR
IMPULSES
45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
COMMUNITY NOISE EQUIVALENT LEVEL IN dB
�d
FIGURE 10
MESTRE GREVE ASSOCIATES I Community Responses to Ldn Noise Levels
from some of these surveys. Community noise standards are derived from
tradeoffs between community response surveys, such as this, and economic
considerations for achieving these levels.
Intermittent or occasional noise such as those associated with stationary noise sources is
not of sufficient volume to exceed community noise standards that are based on a time
averaged scale such as the CNEL scale. To account for intermittent noise, another
method to characterize noise is the Percent Noise Level (L %). The Percent Noise Level
is the level exceeded X% of the time during the measurement period. Percent Noise
Levels are another method of characterizing ambient noise where, for example, L90 is
the noise level exceeded 90 percent of the time, L50 is the level exceeded 50 percent of
the time, and L10 is the level exceeded 10 percent of the time. L90 represents the
background or minimum noise level, L50 represents the average noise level, and LI O the
peak or intrusive noise levels. Examples of various noise environments in terms of the
Percent Noise Levels are shown in Figure 11.
Noise Ordinances have been historically specified in terms of the percent noise levels.
Noise Ordinance limits expressed in terms of percent noise levels can be converted to
Equivalent Noise Levels (Leq) that represent the same regulatory limit. Ordinances are
designed to protect people from non - transportation related noise sources such as loud
music, machinery and vehicular traffic on private property.
5.3 Noise and Land Use Compatibility Guidelines
The purpose of this section is to present information regarding the compatibility of
various land uses with environmental noise. It is from these guidelines and standards
that the City of Newport Beach Noise Criteria and Standards are developed. Noise/land
use guidelines have been produced by a number of Federal and State agencies including
the Federal Highway Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the
Department of Housing and Urban Development, the American National Standards
Institute and the State of California. These guidelines, presented in the following
paragraphs, are all based upon cumulative noise criteria such as LEQ, LDN or CNEL.
The ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY published in March 1974 a very
important document entitled 'Information on Levels of Environmental Noise
Requisite to Protect Public Health and Welfare With an Adequate Margin of Safety"
(EPA 550/9 -74 -004). Figure 12 presents a table of land uses and requisite noise
levels. In this table, 55 LDN is described as the requisite level with an adequate
margin of safety for areas with outdoor uses; this includes residences and
NEWPORT MCH NOISE ELEMENT Draft 4125194
PACE 46
•
Sound Level (dBA)
LOCATION eu JV
r. ow WW
A 3rd Floor Apartment, Next to Freeway
B 3rd Floor Hi -Rise, Downtown Los Angeles
C 2nd Floor Tenement, New York City
D Urban Shopping Center
E Popular Beach on Pacific Ocean
Aircraft Lending
F Urban Residential Near Major Airport
G Urban Residential Near Ocean
H Urban Residential 6mi. to Airport
1 Suburban Residential Near R/R Tracks
Urban Residential
K Urban Residential Near Small Airport
Aircraft Takeoff
L Old Residential Near City Center
M Suburban Residential at City Outskirts
N Small Town Residential Cul -de -Sac
O Small Town Residential Main Street
Main street Traffic
p Suburban Residential in Hill Canyon
Canyon Traffic
Q Farm Valley
R Grand Canyon, North Rim rX
° °' — sightseeing Aircr■
20 30
40 50 60 70 so 90
SOURCE: Community Noise, EPA, 1971
Legend.
90 Percent of
Data
L99L90 L50 LIOL1
- Z
FIGURE 11
MESTRE GREVE ASSOCIATES I Noise Environments in Terms of Percent Noise Levels
•
recreational areas. The EPA "levels document" does not constitute a standard,
specification or regulation, but identifies safe levels of environmental noise
exposure without consideration for economic cost for achieving these levels.
The FEDERAL IIIGIIWAY ADMINISTRATION (FHWA) has adopted and published noise
abatement criteria for highway construction projects. The noise abatement criteria
specified by the FHWA are presented in Figure 13 in terms of the maximum one-
hour Noise Equivalent Level (LEQ). The FHWA noise abatement criteria basically
establishes an exterior noise goal for residential land uses of 67 LEQ and an interior
goal for residences of 52 LEQ. The noise abatement criteria applies to private yard
areas and assumes that typical wood frame homes with windows open provide 10
dB noise reduction (outdoor to indoor) and 20 dB noise reduction with windows
closed.
The STATE OF CALIFORNIA requires each city and county to adopt Noise Elements
in their General Plans. Such Noise Elements must contain a noiseAand use
compatibility matrix. A recommended (but not mandatory) matrix is presented in
the "Guidelines for the Preparation and Content of Noise Elements of the General
Plan," (Office of Noise Control, California Department of Health, February 1976).
Figure 14 presents this recommended matrix.
5.4 Techniques For Mitigation of Community Noise
The sources of noise in Newport Beach can be divided into two basic categories,
transportation sources and non - transportation sources. A local government has limited
direct control of transportation noise at the source. State and Federal agencies have the
responsibility to control the noise from the source, such as vehicle noise emission levels.
The most effective method available to the City to mitigate transportation noise and
reduce the impact of the noise onto the community is through comprehensive planning
that includes noise as a planning criteria, the inclusion of noise mitigation in project
planning and design i.e., construction of noise barriers and improved building noise
reduction characteristics.
Mitigation through the design and construction of a noise barrier (wall, berm, or
combination wall/berm) is the most common way of alleviating traffic noise impacts.
Figure 15 illustrates how a noise barrier effect occurs. The effect of a noise barrier is
critically dependent on the geometry between the noise source and the receiver. A noise
barrier effect occurs when the "line of sight" between the source and receiver is
penetrated by the barrier. The greater the penetration, the greater the noise reduction.
NEWPORT BEACHNOISE ELEMENT Draft 4115194
PAGE 49
0
ACTIVITY DESIGN NOISE
CATEGORY LEVEL -LEQ
DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY CATEGORY
A 57
Tracts of land in which serenity and quiet are of
(Exterior)
extraordinary significance and serve an important
public need and where the preservation of those
qualities is essential if the area is to continue to serve
its intended purpose. Such areas could include
amphitheaters, particular parks or portions of open
spaces, or historic districts which are dedicated or
recognized by appropriate local officials for activities
requiring special qualities of serenity and quiet.
B 67
Picnic areas, recreation areas, playgrounds, active
(Exterior)
sports areas and parks which are not included in
category A and residences, motels, hotels, public
meeting rooms, schools, churches, libraries, and
hospitals.
C 72
Developed lands, properties, or activities not included
(Exterior)
in Category A or B above.
D -
For requirements of undeveloped lands see FHWA
PPM 773.
E 52
Residences, motels, hotels, public meeting rooms,
(Interior)
schools, churches, libraries, hospitals, and
auditoriums.
FIGURE 13
MESTRE GREVE ASSOCIATES I FHWA Noise Abatement Criteria
Land Use Category
Community Noise Exposure
Ldn or CNEL, dB
55 60 65 70 75 80
Residential - Low Density
Single Family, Duplex, Mobile Homes
Residential - Multiple Family
............
.............
Transient Lodging - Motels, Hotels
.........................
Schools, Libraries, Churches
Hospitals, Nursing Homes
..........
...................
Auditoriums, Concert Halls,
Amphitheatres
Sports Arena, Outdoor
Spectator Sports
Playgrounds, Neighborhood Parks
Golf Courses, Riding Stables
Water Recreation, Cemeteries
Office Buildings, Business
Commercial and Residential
Industrial, Manufacturing Utilities
Agriculture
Normally Acceptable
Specified Land Use is Satisfactory,
Based Upon the Assumption that
Any Buildings Involved are of
Normal Conventional Construction,
Without Any Special Noise Insulation
Requirements.
® Conditionally Acceptable
New Construction or Development
Should be Undertaken Only After a
Detailed Analysis of the Noise
Reduction Requirement is Made and
Needed Noise Insulation Features
Included in the Design. Conventional
Construction, but with Closed
Windows and Fresh Air Supply
Systems or Air Conditioning, Will
Normally Suffice.
Normally Unacceptable
New Construction or Development
Should Generally be Discouraged.
If New Construction or Development
Does Proceed. a Detailed Analysis of
the Noise Reduction Requirements
Must be Made and Needed Noise
Insulation Features Included in the
Design.
Clearly Unacceptable
New Construction or Development
Should Generally not be Undertaken.
FIGURE 14
MESTRE GREVE ASSOCIATES Noise/Land Use Compatibility Matrix
rrlx� -
Barrier or Wall
nter Line
. . . . . . . . . . . .
arth Berm
MESTRE GREVE ASSOCIATES
Intervening
Structure
Depressed
Alignment
R
FIGURE IS
Noise Barrier Effect Illustration
Building interior noise levels can also be reduced through design of the structure.
Windows and doors are the most important paths for sound to enter a structure. Use of
sound insulating doors and windows can provide substantial reductions of interior noise
levels.
Noise concerns should be incorporated into land use planning to reduce future noise and
• land use incompatibilities. This is achieved by establishing standards and criteria that
specify acceptable limits of noise for various land uses throughout the City. These
criteria are designed to integrate noise considerations into land use planning to prevent
noise/land use conflicts. Table I presents criteria used to assess the compadbilityof
proposed land uses with the noise environment. These criteria are the basis for the
development of specific Noise Standards. These standards, shown in Table 2, present the
City policies related to land uses and acceptable noise levels. These tables are the primary
tools which allow the City to ensure integrated planning for compatibility between land
uses and outdoor noise and are described further below.
The Land Use Compatibility Matrix presented in Table I presents broad ranges of
compatibility and are intended to be flexible enough to apply to a wide range of projects
and environments. For example, a project in a large undeveloped area may be evaluated
in the compatibility matrix differently than an infill project in a densely developed area of
the City. But in no case would it be desirable for any land use to have noise exceeding
the highest 'normally compatible' noise level shown in the matrix. This matrix is intended
to be used as one of the many planning factors that used in the land use planning process.
The Noise Standards presented in Table 2 are intended to be much more specific in terms
of project requirements. These standards are intended to be design performance
requirements that are not exceeded. And while the compatibility matrix covers broad
ranges of compatibility, the design standards are specific and inability to meet the design
standards would be inconsistent with this Element of the General Plan. It should be noted
that only the interior noise standard of 45 CNEL for residential uses is required by the
State of California and it applies only to multi - family projects (California Noise
Insulation Standards, California Administrative Code, Title 24, Part 2 ).
The most limiting factorof the Noise Standards are in the exteriornoise requirements for
residential projects. If airport noise levels exceed 65 CNEL there are no feasible project
design methods to mitigate outdoor aircraft noise exposures, thus precluding residential
NEVPORT BEACH NOISE ELEVENT Drq?4125/94 PACE 53 1
development in these areas. This is only a concern in the area of Santa Ana Heights
which is not in the City but is in its sphere of influence. Another area that the City
residential exterior noise standard is limiting is for certain residential areas, such the
peninsula area, where lots and homes are adjacent to a major arterial with very srirall
setbacks. In such situations providing noise barriers may present a number of design
problems or conflicts with other planning or zoning requirements. There are no general
solutions to these specific kinds of conflicts but must be considered on a site by site
basis.
Mixed use projects present other challenges for noise control. Such projects may become
more prevalent along Pacific Coast Highway between Newport Boulevard and Dover.
Mixed use projects can include many types of projects but are a concern for noise when
residential uses are included with a variety of commercial uses. In such cases the density
of the project ensures that noise levels will be higher than more typical low density
suburban residential uses. The typical design problem with mixed use projects lies in
appropriately isolating the residential uses from the commercial uses which includes
anticipating the level of noise from the commercial uses. For example, a residential use in
the vicinity of a restaurant use may or may not present a noise problem depending on the
type of restaurant, i.e., a night club, quiet formal dining, or fast food establishment. It is
intended that residential uses as part of mixed use projects meet the Noise Standards and
Noise Ordinance limits even though they may not be compatible as defined in the land
use compatibility matrix. Other issues that occur with mixed use projects are trash
pickup. While trash pickup in residential areas cannot occur before? am, such restriction
do not apply to commercial areas. Design of residential portions of mixed use projects
must account for this. Again project specific consideration is required 3
The most effective method to control community noise impacts from non - transportation
noise sources is through application of Noise Ordinances or Regulations. These are
designed to protect quiet residential areas from stationary noise sources. The noise levels
encouraged by the model noise ordinance, presented in the appendix, are typical of a
quiet residential area. These levels assure that noise from mechanical equipment, and
other types of non - transportation noise are not excessive in residential areas.
NEWPORT BEACH NOISEELEMENr Dr,*4125194
PAGE 54
•
�'-
6.0 GLOSSARY
A- WEIGHTED SOUND LEVEL - The sound pressure level in decibels as measured on a
sound level meter using the A- Weighted filter network. The A- Weighting
filter de- emphasizes the very low and very high frequency components of
the sound in a manner similar to the response of the human ear. A numerical
• method of rating human judgment of loudness.
AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL - The composite of noise from all sources near and far. In this
context, the ambient noise level constitutes the normal or existing level of
environmental noise at a given location.
COMMUNITY NOISE EQUIVALENT LEVEL (CNEL) - The average equivalent A-
Weighted sound level during a 24 -hour day, obtained after addition of five
(5) decibels to sound levels in the evening from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m. and after
addition of ten (10) decibels to sound levels in the night before 7 a.m. and
after 10 p.m.
DAY -NIGHT AVERAGE LEVEL (LDN) - The average equivalent A-Weighted sound
level during a 24 -hour day, obtained after addition of ten (10) decibels to
sound levels in the night before 7 a.m. and after 10 p.m.
DECIBEL (dB) - A unit for measuring the amplitude of a sound, equal to 20 times the
logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the pressure of the sound measured
to the reference pressure, which is 20 micropascals.
dBA - A- weighted sound level (see definition above)
EQUIVALENT SOUND LEVEL (LEQ) - The sound level corresponding to a steady noise
level over a given sample period with the same amount of acoustic energy
as the actual time varying noise level. The energy average noise level during
the sample period.
FREQUENCY - The number of times per second that a sound pressure signal oscillates
about the prevailing atmosphere pressure. The unit of frequency is the
hertz. The abbreviation is Hz.
NEWPORT BEACH NOISEELEMENr Draft 4125194 PAGE SS
b6
INTRUSIVE NOISE - That noise which intrudes over and above the ambient noise at a
given location. The relative intrusiveness of a sound depends upon its
amplitude, duration, frequency, and time of occurrence, and tonal or
informational content as well as the prevailing ambient noise level.
Ll0 - The A- Weighted sound level exceeded 10 percent of the sample time. Similarly •
L50, L90, L99, etc.
NOISE - Any unwanted sound or sound which is undesirable because it interferes with
speech and hearing, or is intense enough to damage hearing, or is otherwise
annoying. The State Noise Control Act defines noise as "...excessive
undesirable sound... ...
NOISE ATTENUATION - The ability of a material, substance, or medium to reduce the
noise level from one place to another or between one room and another.
Noise attenuation is specified in decibels.
NOISE EXPOSURE CONTOURS - Lines drawn around a noise source indicating
constant or equal level of noise exposure. CNEL and Ldn are typical
metrics used.
NOISE REFERRAL ZONES - Such zones are defined as the area within the contour
defining a CNEL level of 60 decibels. It is the level at which either State or
Federal laws and standards related to land use become important and , in
some cases, preempt local laws and regulations. Any proposed noise
sensitive development which may be impacted by a total noise environment
of 60 dB CNEL or more should be evaluated on a project specific basis.
NOISE SENSITIVE LAND U SE - Those specific land uses which have associated indoor
and/or outdoor human activities that may be subject to stress and/or
significant interference from noise produced by community sound sources.
Such human activity typically occurs daily for continuous periods of 24
hours or is of such a nature that noise is significantly disruptive to activities
that occur for short periods. Specifically, noise sensitive land uses include;
residences of all types, hospitals, rest homes, convalescent hospitals places
NEWPORT BEACHNOISE ELEMENT Drg14125194 PAGE 56 ^K
61
of worship and schools.
SOUND LEVEL (NOISE LEVEL) - The weighted sound pressure level obtained by use
of a sound level meterhaviiig a standard frequency - filterfor attenuating part
of the sound spectrum.
SOUND LEVEL METER - An instrument, including a microphone, an amplifier, an
output meter, and frequency weighting networks for the measurement and
determination of noise and sound levels.
Appendices:
Model Noise Ordinance
Technical Component of the Noise Element (Under separate Cover)
NEWPORT BEACH NOISE ELEMENT Drq?4125194 PACE 57