HomeMy WebLinkAbout17 - Parking Meter Program StatusNovember 9, 1998
CITY COUNCIL AGENDA
ITEM NO. 17
TO: Mayor and Members of the City Council
FROM: Public Works Department
SUBJECT: PARKING METER PROGRAM STATUS REPORT
RECOMMENDATION:
Receive and file.
PARKING METERS — THEN AND NOW
HISTORY
It is not clear what year Newport Beach installed its first parking meter. It apparently was
prior to 1949 as the Municipal Code for that year includes a section authorizing the Chief
of Police to establish meter zones and install parking meters. The meter rate was five
cents per hour and meter feeding was prohibited. (Parking meters aren't the only things
that have changed in the last 50 years judging by the 1949 Municipal Code section
setting speed limits for street cars.)
Originally parking meters were installed on streets in the commercial areas including
areas near the two piers. In 1962 the Municipal Code was revised to include metered
off - street parking zones. Also in 1962 was the first differentiation between commercial
and recreational parking meters. The rates for the recreational meters on 15`" Street
were raised to ten cents per hour.
In 1967 the Municipal Code was modified to address meters on City Hall Property and
to create the Off - street Parking Facilities Fund. The Fund was to receive 50% of the
revenues from on- street meters that were not deemed to be serving recreational needs.
The Fund was to "be used only for the purposes of the acquisition, development, and
improvement of public off- street parking facilities located within the general vicinity of
the parking meters contributing to the fund, and for any expenditures necessary or
convenient to accomplish said purposes ". 1967 also saw the demise of the five cents
per hour parking meter as the rate structure was revised to $0.10, 0.20, or 0.25 per
hour depending on the location of the meter — with one zone having meters charging
$0.25 for 12 hours.
On- street and off- street meters continued to be added and meter rates edged slowly
upward. By Council Policy, on- street meters were added when a majority of the
businesses on the street requested them. This is why certain key commercial areas
such as Coast Highway through Corona del Mar and Marine Avenue on Balboa Island
do not have meters yet businesses located on other sections of Coast Highway and the
Peninsula have metered parking out front.
SUBJECT: Parking Meter Program Status Report
November 9, 1998
Page 2
Off - street meters were added to existing lots to either keep residents from storing
vehicles in City lots or to produce revenue. In addition, the Off - street Parking Facilities
Fund was used to develop a number of lots including the Mariners Mile Lot, the
Cannery Village Lot, the Palm Street Lot and several small lots along the west side of
Newport Boulevard between 28th and 30th Streets.
EQUIPMENT
The mainstay equipment over the years has been the mechanical parking meter. While
there have been many advances in these meters to make them more accurate and
more vandal resistant, the basic operation has not changed. The City has tested
prototypes for several new meter concepts over the years including meters that reset to
zero when a car leaves and early electronic meters. Most of these prototypes had
serious operational problems so we stayed with the tried and true mechanical meters.
Approximately five years ago we began purchasing electronic meters because we felt
they were developed to the point that they were reliable. We have implemented them
slowly to gauge public acceptance and to test their reliability. They are also about 35%
more expensive. A mechanical meter costs approximately $225 versus $303 for an
electronic meter. These meters also require annual replacement of a 9V battery. We
also have purchased software and hardware that allows us to reprogram the electronic
meters when rates change and to track our meter operations with various data bases.
This year is the last year that our vendor will offer mechanical meters. They are going
exclusively to electronic meters. We have a meter replacement program that replaces
worn out meters on an average seven -year cycle. So over the next six or seven years
all of our meters will become electronic or they will be replaced with some sort of
centralized payment equipment.
The Public Works Department also operates a very low -tech pay box in the Superior
Avenue Lot which accepts coins and bills that are rolled up and stuffed into a slot
corresponding to the parking stall being used. This lot is normally vacant except on
summer weekends and it was felt that meters would not be cost effective in this lot.
NEW PARKING REVENUE COLLECTION TECHNOLOGY
The computer age has come to parking revenue collection. In addition to the basic
electronic parking meter, there are a number of other "higher tech" options now available.
One of the most common is the use of "smart card" technology.
Electronic parking meters can be equipped for about $35 with a device that allows a
cylindrical shaped smart card a.k.a. "key' to be used in addition to coins. The key is
purchased from the City with a certain dollar amount on it. Each time the key is
inserted, a quarter's worth of time is put on the meter and deducted from the key. This
is a great convenience factor and has been well patronized in the City of West
Hollywood where their key sales have been doubling each year and they credit the
increase in overall parking revenue largely to the key program.
Another option is parking meters that accept debit cards. They are generally
considered to be less convenient than the keys, but function identically. An advantage
of the debit cards is that with certain compatible equipment, the same parking debit
SUBJECT: Parking Meter Program Status Report
November 9, 1998
Page 3
card can be used at centralized pay stations as well as parking meters. The meter keys
are not compatible with other equipment at the present time.
Central pay stations have been in use for many years but have become increasingly
sophisticated. There are two types of central pay stations, Pay and Display or Pay per
Space. With Pay and Display you purchase the time you want and the machine issues
a receipt that is time stamped and must be displayed on the vehicle dash. One
advantage of this type of equipment is that it does not require that spaces be marked or
numbered. The Pay per Space machines require you to enter the number of the
parking space and then purchase the amount of time you wish to park. This type of
machine may or may not issue a receipt.
Central pay stations are convenient because they accept coins as well as dollar bills.
They can also be set up to accommodate debit cards and credit cards. A machine is
needed for each 50 to 100 spaces and they cost approximately $15,000 each. If they are
set up to accept credit cards, the City would also incur the expense of processing
charges.
Central pay stations have been used primarily in parking lots for several reasons. They
can be located near the entrance and are therefor highly visible to those entering the lot
If they are of the Pay and Display type, the motorist can often stop on the way into the lot
and pay rather than having to park, walk to the pay station, get the receipt and then walk
back to put their car to place the receipt on the dash. Some cities have experimented
with using them in conjuntion with on- streeet parking, with mixed results. Attached is a
recent newspaper article describing the problem St. Petersburg, Florida had when they
used central pay stations for on- street parking.
Several cities using central pay stations were contacted to get information on how well
the machines perform, public acceptance and enforcement. About half of the cities
experienced major problems with these machines, primarily with the electronics. The
other cities have had some problems, but consider the machines to be viable as long as
there are at least two machines available within relatively short distance, in case one
breaks down. From the City's standpoint, if there is only one machine and it is down,
the entire lot becomes free parking.
Where these machines have been installed in new or previously unmetered parking
lots, the public acceptance has been good. Where they have replaced meters there
have been complaints. These complaints have generally been related to the
instructions for the machines being much more complicated than a parking meter; the
machines being out of service; and in the case of Pay and Display the need to walk to
the machine, get the slip, walk back to the car to put the slip on the dash and finally to
walk to the destination.
PARKING ENFORCEMENT IMPLICATIONS
Mechanical meters have proven to be the easiest method of collecting parking
revenues while being very quick and easy from an enforcement standpoint. With these
meters there is a bright red flag which shows when the meter is expired. This enables
enforcement personnel to drive, bike or walk a metered area and quickly spot violatQ&
Electronic meters use a flashing red Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) to show they
SUBJECT: Parking Meter Program Status Report
November 9, 1998
Page 4
expired. This type of display is not as visible, particularly in bright sunlight. This means
enforcement personnel must drive more slowly, which can be a safety concern on some
streets, or they must park and walk the area.
The pay box in the Superior Lot requires enforcement personnel to open the box to
note which spaces are paid, and then to circulate through the lot and write the license
numbers of those vehicles whose operators have paid and finally cite those vehicles
that are not paid for. This must be repeated several times per day to ensure that newly
arriving vehicles have deposited money in the box.
Enforcement varies depending on the type of central pay station used. Pay and Display
requires the officer to look in the window of each vehicle and read the receipt to
determine whether the time paid for has expired or not. These machines typically only
print on one side of the receipt, so if it is upside down on the dash it becomes an
problem for the officer. People will get very upset if they are ticketed because the
receipt is upside down.
Pay per space stations allow the officer to print out a list of either the spaces that are
paid for or a list of those that are not paid. They then must check the spaces on the list.
If the list is for a large lot, they must typically allow a grace period or make a second
check to make sure that someone did not put money in after they printed the list.
RELATED ACTIVITIES
The Parking Management Plan Study that is currently underway is also looking at the
way parking revenues are collected. The consultant is expected to make their
recommendations to the City Council in February on a number of changes to the
parking program, including rates, equipment, validations, time limits and enforcement
methods.
RespectfVly, submitted,
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
Don Webb, Director
By. _rt��Clititt'wJ
Richard Edmonston, P.E.
Transportation and Development Services Manager
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