HomeMy WebLinkAbout01 - 4.10 - Air QualitySection 4. 10
Air Quality
4.10 AIR QUALITY
4.10.1 INTRODUCTION
This section addresses the potential air quality impacts that would occur from construction and
operation of the proposed Newport Banning Ranch Project (proposed Project or Project).
Appendix G of this EIR includes supporting data and calculations including Draft Air Toxic
Health Risk Assessment in Support of CEQA Documentation, Newport Banning Ranch
(CDM 2010).
Air Pollutants
Criteria Pollutants
Federal air quality regulations were first promulgated with the Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970. Air
quality in California is defined by ambient air concentrations of seven "criteria air pollutants',
which are a group of common air pollutants identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency ( USEPA) to be of concern with respect to the health and welfare of the general public,
and four additional pollutants also identified by the California Air Resources Board (GARB).
Federal and State governments regulate criteria air pollutants by using ambient standards
based on criteria regarding the health and /or environmental effects of each pollutant. The seven
federal criteria pollutants include nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (03), particulate matter smaller
than or equal to 10 microns in diameter (PM10), particulate matter smaller than or equal to
2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (S02), and lead. The
four additional State - designated pollutants are visibility reducing particles, sulfates, hydrogen
sulfide, and vinyl chloride. 03 is a secondary pollutant, meaning that it is not directly emitted. It is
a gas that is formed when volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx)
undergo photochemical reactions that occur only in the presence of sunlight. Thus, VOCs and
NOx are 03 "precursors."
In 2007, the United States Supreme Court held that greenhouse gases (GHGs) fall within the
CAA's definition of an "air pollutant," and directed the USEPA to consider whether GHGs are
causing climate change and thus harm to humans. GHG emissions and impacts are addressed
in Section 4.11 of this EIR.
Toxic Air Contaminants
Toxic air contaminants (TACs) are a diverse group of air pollutants that may cause or contribute
to an increase in deaths, that may cause serious illness, or that may pose a present or potential
hazard to human health. TACs include both organic and inorganic chemical substances that
may be emitted from a variety of common sources, including gasoline stations, motor vehicles,
dry cleaners, industrial operations, painting operations, and research and testing facilities. TACs
are different from the "criteria" pollutants in that ambient air quality standards have not been
established for TACs.' TACs occurring at extremely low levels may still cause adverse health
effects, and it is typically difficult to identify levels of exposure that do not produce
adverse health effects.
There are almost 200 compounds that have been designated as TACs in California. Some of
these TACs are groups of compounds which contain many individual substances (e.g., copper
compounds, polycyclic aromatic compounds). The ten TACs posing the greatest known health
An exception is that there are ambient standards for lead and vinyl chloride because the CARB classified these
pollutants as TACs after they were identified as criteria pollutants.
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risk in California are acetaldehyde, benzene, 1,3- butadiene, carbon tetrachloride, hexavalent
chromium, para - dichlorobenzene, formaldehyde, methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, and
diesel particulate matter (diesel PM). Dioxins are also considered to pose substantial health risk.
TAC impacts are described by carcinogenic risk, and chronic (i.e., of long duration) and acute
(i.e., severe but of short duration) adverse effects on human health.
4.10.2 REGULATORY SETTING
Federal
The USEPA is responsible for setting and enforcing the National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) for criteria pollutants. The standards are shown in Table 4.10 -1. The USEPA
regulates emission sources that are under the exclusive authority of the federal government,
such as aircraft, ships, and certain locomotives. As part of its enforcement responsibilities, the
USEPA requires each state with federal nonattainment areas to prepare and submit a State
Implementation Plan (SIP) that demonstrates the means to attain and maintain federal
standards. The SIP must integrate federal, State, and local plan components and regulations to
identify specific measures to reduce pollution by using a combination of performance standards
and market -based programs within the SIP - identified timeframe.
State of California
CARB, a part of the California Environmental Protection Agency, is responsible for the
coordination and administration of both federal and State air pollution control programs in
California. In this capacity, CARB conducts research; sets the California Ambient Air Quality
Standards (CAAQS) shown in Table 4.10 -1; compiles emission inventories; develops suggested
control measures; provides oversight of local programs; and prepares the SIP. For regions that
do not attain the CAAQS, CARB requires the air districts to prepare plans for attaining the
standards. These plans are then integrated into the State SIP. CARB establishes emissions
standards for motor vehicles sold in California, consumer products (e.g., hair spray, aerosol
paints, and barbecue lighter fluid), and various types of commercial equipment. It also sets fuel
specifications to reduce vehicular emissions of harmful pollutants.
South Coast Air Quality Management District
The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) is the agency principally
responsible for comprehensive air pollution control in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), which
includes all of Orange County and the urbanized portions of Los Angeles, Riverside, and San
Bernardino Counties. The SCAQMD develops rules and regulations; establishes permitting
requirements for stationary sources; inspects emissions sources; and enforces such measures
through educational programs or fines, when necessary.
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TABLE 4.10 -1
CALIFORNIA AND NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
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Averaging
Federal Standards"
Primary"
Secondary"'
Pollutant
Time
State Standards"'
1 Hour
0.09 ppm
0 80 ug /m )
03
8 Hour
0.070 ppm
0.075 ppm
Same as
(137 pg /m3)
(147 Ng /m3)
Primary
24 Hour
50 pg /m3
150 Ng /m3
Same as
Primary
PM10
AAM'
20 pg /m3
_
Same as
Primary
24 Hour
—
35 pg /m3
Same as
Primary
PM2.5
AAM'
12 pg /m3
15.0 pg /m3
Pa mary
1 Hour
20 ppm
35 ppm
None
(23 mg /m3)
(40 mg /m3 )
8 Hour
(10 9.0 pm
mg %m3)
9 ppm
(10 mg /m3)
None
CO
8 Hour
6 ppm
(Lake Tahoe)
(7 mg /m3)
_
_
AAM`
0.030 ppm
0.053 ppm
Same as
(56 pg /m)
(100 pg /m)
Primary
NO2
1 Hour
0.18 ppm
0.100 ppm
0.053 ppm
(338 pg /m3)
(100 pg /m3)
24 Hour
0.04 ppm
(105 pg /m )
3 Hour
—
—
(1,900 pg /m3)
SOS"
1 Hour
0.25 ppm
0.075 ppm
(655 pg /m3)
(196 Ng /m3)
30 day Avg.
1.5 pg /m'
—
—
Calendar
Quarter
_
1.5 pg /m3
Same as
Lead e
Rolling 3 -month
—
0.15 Ng /m 3
Primary
average
Extinction coefficient
Visibility Reducing
of 0.23 per km —
Particles
8 hour
visibility ? 10 miles
(0.07 per km — ?30
miles for Lake Tahoe)
No Federal Standards
Sulfates
24 Hour
25 pg /m3
Hydrogen Sulfide
1 Hour
0.03 ppm
(42 pg /m )
Vinyl Chloride9
24 Hour
0.01 ppm
(26 pg /m )
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TABLE 4.10 -1 (Continued)
CALIFORNIA AND NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
Averaging Federal Standards°
Pollutant Time State Standards',` Primarya'tl I Secondary`,`
—: No Standard; ppm: parts per million; pg /m': micrograms per cubic meter; mg /m3: milligrams per cubic
meter.
a California standards for Oa, CO (except Lake Tahoe), S02 (1 and 24 hour), NO2, PM10, PM2.5, and
visibility reducing particles are values that are not to be exceeded. All others are not to be equaled or
exceeded.
° National standards (other than 03, PM10 PM2.5, and those based on annual averages or annual arithmetic
mean) are not to be exceeded more than once a year. The 03 standard is attained when the fourth highest
8 -hour concentration in a year, averaged over 3 years, is equal to or less than the standard. For PM10, the
24 -hour standard is attained when the expected number of days per calendar year with a 24 -hour average
concentration above 150 pg /m3 is equal to or less than 1. For PM2.5, the 24 -hour standard is attained when
98 percent of the daily concentrations, averaged over 3 years, are equal to or less than the standard.
Contact USEPA for further clarification and current federal policies.
Concentration is expressed first in units in which it was promulgated. Equivalent units given in parentheses
are based upon a reference temperature of 25 °C and a reference pressure of 760 torr. Most measurements
of air quality are to be corrected to a reference temperature of 25 °C and a reference pressure of 760 torr;
ppm in this table refers to ppm by volume, or micromoles of pollutant per mole of gas.
° National Primary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary, with an adequate margin of safety to
protect the public health.
e National Secondary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary to protect the public welfare from any
known or anticipated adverse effects of a pollutant.
` Annual Arithmetic Mean
e The CARB has identified lead and vinyl chloride as "toxic air contaminants" with no threshold level of
exposure for adverse health effects determined. These actions allow for the implementation of control
measures at levels below the ambient concentrations specified for these pollutants.
° On June 2, 2010, the USEPA established a 1 -hour primary standard for S02 In the same action, the 24-
hour and annual standards were revoked.
Source: CARB 2010
The SCAQMD is directly responsible for reducing emissions from stationary (area and point),
mobile, and indirect sources. It has responded to this requirement by preparing a sequence of
Air Quality Management Plans (AQMPs). Two versions (2003 and 2007) of the AQMPs are in
different stages of regulatory review. The 2003 AQMP is an update to the 1997 AQMP. The
2003 AQMP updates the attainment demonstration with the federal standards for 03 and PM10;
it replaces the 1997 attainment demonstration for the federal CO standard and provides a basis
for a future CO maintenance plan; and it updates the maintenance plan for the federal NO2
standard, which the SoCAB has met since 1992. The 2003 AQMP was adopted by the
SCAQMD in August 2003 and was approved, with modifications, by CARB in October 2003.
CARB then submitted the 2003 State and Federal Strategy of the California SIP (which
incorporates the 2003 AQMP) to the USEPA on January 9, 2004. However, this SIP has not
been approved, and the 1997 AQMP with 1999 amendments remains the federally approved
AQMP.
The SCAQMD Governing Board adopted the 2007 AQMP on June 1, 2007. The purpose of the
2007 AQMP for the SoCAB is to set forth a comprehensive program that will lead the region into
compliance with federal 8 -hour 03 and PM2.5 air quality standards that were implemented
subsequent to 2003. CARB adopted the State Strategy for the 2007 SIP, including the 2007
AQMP as part of the 2007 SIP and in November 2007, submitted a SIP revision to the USEPA
for 03, PM2.5, CO, and NO2 in the SoCAB; this revision is identified as the "2007 South Coast
SIP ". The 2007 AQMP /2007 South Coast SIP demonstrates attainment of the federal PM2.5
standard in the SoCAB by 2014 and attainment of the federal 8 -hour 03 standard by 2023. The
SIP also included a request to reclassify the SoCAB's 03 attainment designation from "severe"
to "extreme" (GARB 2007). The USEPA approved the redesignation to be effective June 4, 2010
(Federal Register 2010). The Extreme designation requires the attainment of the 8 -hour 03
standard in the SoCAB by June 2024. CARB approved PM2.5 SIP revisions in April 2011 and
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Air Quality
submitted them to the USEPA for approval. The proposed ozone SoCAB SIP will go to CARB
for approval in July 2011. CARB expects the USEPA to take action on both the PM2.5 and
ozone SIPS (including the revisions) by September 2011 (van Ommering 2011).
City of Newport Beach
The General Plan for the City of Newport Beach was adopted in 2006. As Newport Beach is
almost fully built out, the General Plan focuses on conserving the existing pattern of land uses
and establishes policies for their protection and long -term maintenance. The Natural Resources
Element of the General Plan provides direction regarding the conservation, development, and
utilization of natural resources and addresses air quality, among many resources. The specific
General Plan goals and policies that could result in reduction of air pollutant emissions for the
proposed Project are addressed later in this section.
4.10.3 METHODOLOGY
Criteria Pollutants
Construction and Operations Mass Daily Emissions
Construction and operational emissions were calculated by using California Emissions
Estimator Model (CaIEEMod) version 2011.1.1 (SCAQMD 2011a). CaIEEMod is a computer
program accepted by the SCAQMD that can be used to estimate anticipated emissions
associated with land development projects in California. CaIEEMod has separate databases for
specific counties and air districts. The Orange County database was used for the proposed
Project. The model calculates emissions of CO, S02, PM10, and PM2.5 and the 03 precursors
VOC and NOx. For this analysis, the results are expressed in pounds per day (lbs /day) and are
compared with the SCAQMD mass daily thresholds described in Section 4.10.6 to determine
impact significance. Specific inputs to CaIEEMod for both construction and operations include
land uses and acreages. Construction input data include but are not limited to (1) the anticipated
start and finish dates of each Project construction activity, such as remediation, grading,
building, and paving; (2) inventories of construction equipment to be used during each activity;
(3) areas to be excavated for remediation and graded for development; (4) volumes of materials
to be imported to and exported from the Project site; (5) areas to be paved; and (6) areas to be
painted. The input data and assumptions are discussed in Section 4.10.7 below and in
Appendix G. The CaIEEMod model has the capability to calculate reductions in construction
emissions from the effects of dust control, diesel- engine classifications, low- emission paints,
and other selected measures.
Operational inputs to CaIEEMod include (1) the specific year for project operations, (2) vehicle
trip generation rates, (3) fireplace types and quantities, (4) land use features that contribute to
reductions in vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and (5) project criteria for energy use. Model default
values for trip distances, fleet composition, and other factors may be adjusted for
project- specific conditions. Output operational emissions data are separated into energy use,
area sources, and mobile sources. The area sources are fireplaces, landscape maintenance
equipment, consumer products, and architectural coatings used for routine maintenance.
Consumer products (e.g., household cleaners, air fresheners, automotive products, and
personal care products) emit VOCs. Mobile sources are the vehicles used by residents and by
patrons, staff, and vendors for commercial businesses.
In August 2010, the California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA) published
Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures, A Resource for Local Government to Assess
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Emission Reductions from Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures. This document provides
guidance on the quantification of project -level VMT reductions associated with land use factors.
The concepts in the CAPCOA document were incorporated into CaIEEMod.
Local Concentrations of Criteria Pollutants from On -Site Sources
As part of the SCAQMD's environmental justice program, attention has focused on local air
quality impacts from nearby sources. The SCAQMD developed the localized significance
threshold (LST) look -up tables to allow the evaluation of localized impacts for many projects and
scenarios without the complex task of dispersion modeling. The tables show the maximum
emissions from a project that will not cause or contribute to an exceedance of the most stringent
applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard. The LST methodology is recommended
for project sites that are five acres or less. However, the method may be used for construction
on larger sites if it is demonstrated that the area of daily disturbance is not substantially larger
than five acres and calculated project emissions for the larger site would not exceed the five -
acre site emissions limits; For the Newport Banning Ranch Project site, this methodology is
used for the analysis in Section 4.10.7.
The concentration of PM10 at the nearest receptors was determined using the USEPA's
AERMOD air dispersion model to determine site boundary concentrations. The AERMOD model
is used by local, state, and national air quality agencies, including CARB and the SCAQMD, to
model how pollutants disperse into the atmosphere from sources of emissions. The PM10
concentrations were modeled according to guidelines included in the SCAQMD's Modeling
Guidance for AERMOD (SCAQMD 2009x) and following the SCAQMD LST methodology. The
dispersion modeling was conducted with site terrain elevation data, with urban dispersion
coefficients. Meteorological data from the Costa Mesa monitoring station, available from the
SCAQMD web site, was used to be representative of the Project area. The worst -case on -site
construction emissions were obtained from the CaIEEMod analysis details (Appendix G).
CO Hotspots
A CO hotspot is an area of localized CO pollution that is caused by severe vehicle congestion
on major roadways, typically near intersections. An initial screening procedure is provided in the
procedures and guidelines contained in the Transportation Project -Level Carbon Monoxide
Protocol (the CO Protocol) to determine whether a project poses the potential for a CO hotspot.
If, according to the CO Protocol, a project poses a potential for a CO hotspot, quantitative
screening is required. Various air quality agencies in California, but not the SCAQMD, have
developed conservative screening methods to avoid the need for dispersion modeling for most
congestion scenarios. Therefore, the screening methods of the Sacramento Metropolitan Air
Quality Management District (SMAQMD) are used (SMAQMD 2011). The use of the SMAQMD
methodology is appropriate for the Project because background CO concentrations in Orange
County are similar to and less than those in Sacramento.
Toxic Air Contaminants
A human health risk assessment (HHRA) was conducted to determine potential exposure to
TACs emitted from future oilfield operations and from the combination of emissions from the
oilfield and the proposed residential and commercial development. The following methodologies
were used in the HHRA. Additional details are included in Appendix G.
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Estimate TAC Emissions From On -Going Oilfield Operations, Future Oilfield Operations,
and Proposed On -site Land Uses
The equipment and operating characteristics for each well maintenance activity were obtained
from City and West Newport Oil Company (WNOC) staff familiar with oilfield operations in order
to estimate the TAC emissions from ongoing (baseline) oilfield operations on the Project site;
future oilfield operations after operations are consolidated; and proposed on -site land uses (e.g.,
residential and commercial development) as described in the Project Description (see
Section 3.). The air toxics emissions from existing permitted stationary equipment on the City
and WNOC sites were obtained from SCAQMD Annual Emissions Reports (AERs), the most
recently available being from 2008. For off -road mobile equipment, exhaust emission factors for
VOC and PM10 were developed using CARB's OFFROAD2007 Model. Off -road load factors
are from SCAQMD's CEQA Air Quality Handbook. It is assumed that all equipment operates
8 hours per day except for oil rigs, which operate 24 hours per day. On -road on -site equipment
PM10 and VOC emissions generated from crew and material haul truck trips, cement trucks,
and vacuum trucks were calculated using emission factors from the CARB emission factor
model EMFAC2007, Version 2.3. TAC emissions were determined from PM10 and VOC
emissions and source - specific speciation profiles developed by the CARB.2 Calculations of on-
road vehicle emissions include an estimate of fugitive dust from paved or unpaved on -road
travel. It is assumed that all roads on the oilfield are unpaved and all off -site travel takes place
on paved roads. The perimeter of the site is roughly four miles, thus it was conservatively
assumed that all on -road vehicles (mainly vacuum trucks, cement trucks, and crew trucks /vans)
were assumed to travel a maximum of five miles per on -site trip on unpaved roads across the
Project site. Fugitive dust emissions (PM10) were calculated using the URBEMIS model,
USEPA's AP -42, and SCAQMD's CEQA Air Quality Handbook.
It was assumed that future oilfield stationary source operations emissions would be the same as
existing operations. It was also assumed that the level of activity associated with on -road and
off -road mobile equipment that performs oilfield operations would remain the same after the
consolidation. The activities would, however, be limited geographically to the consolidated
oilfield sites. The level of emissions from on -road vehicles traveling on the site would decrease
due to the decrease in travel distances (all oil operations consolidated at two on -site locations).
These vehicles would not travel over the entire site, but would be limited to traveling to and from
the two consolidated locations.
Emissions from operation of the residential, commercial, and other Project development after
completion were calculated using URBEMIS. TAC emissions were determined from the
generated PM10 and VOC emissions.
Compare Annual TAC Emissions to SCAQMD Risk Assessment Procedures Tier 1
Thresholds
The assessment compares annual TAC emissions to SCAQMD Risk Assessment Procedures
Tier 1 thresholds and, where TAC emissions exceed Tier 1 thresholds, a Tier 4 refined air
dispersion modeling analysis was conducted to determine TAC exposure concentrations at
residential, commercial, and park receptors .3 An emissions screening level HHRA was
performed using the TAC emissions inventories from the consolidated oil operations and the
A speciation profile provides the weight fraction of each chemical species in the PM10 and VOC.
SCAQMD risk assessment procedures are defined in tiers. The tiers are designed to be used in order of
increasing complexity. If compliance cannot be demonstrated using one tier, the analyst may proceed to an
appropriate higher tier.
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proposed Project residential and commercial operations. The Tier 1 HHRA was performed in
accordance with SCAQMD air toxics risk assessment procedures for Rules 1401 and 212.
In accordance with the SCAQMD procedures, where the Tier 1 analysis indicated that TAC
emissions exceeded the Tier 1 thresholds, then operational risks were modeled using the
USEPA AERMOD dispersion model. Three scenarios were modeled with AERMOD:
• Baseline Conditions: The existing oilfield TAC emissions were modeled to determine
the baseline TAC concentrations at the existing fence line. Receptors at the fence line
were used to represent the existing nearby residential and commercial receptors.
• Proposed Project Conditions: The future TAC emissions from the proposed Project
residential and commercial site operations as well as the consolidated oilfield were
modeled to determine the future TAC concentrations at the fence line receptors.
• Future Oilfield Impact on Development Area: The consolidated oilfield operational
emissions were modeled to determine the exposure concentration from these sources
on the proposed Project's residential and commercial areas.
Apply TAC Toxicity Values and Human Inhalation Parameters Using the HARP Model to
Calculate Risks
TAC emissions that are anticipated to contribute significantly to cancer /chronic or acute risk, as
estimated from the screening analysis, were included in the risk assessment calculations using
CARB's Hotspots Analysis Reporting Program (HARP). As required by the HARP protocol, the
chronic air toxic modeling for fence line, residential, and commercial receptors is conducted for
a 70 -year period assuming that a person is located at each receptor grid 24 -hours per day,
365 days per year for 70 years. The chronic modeling for receptors in recreational areas
assumes that the maximum exposure time would be 8 hours per day, 245 days per year. The
acute air toxic modeling is conducted for the peak one -hour exposure.
The potential Project impact to existing off -site receptors was calculated by subtracting the
baseline risk from the future risks anticipated to occur after completion of the proposed Project's
consolidated oilfield, residential, and commercial areas. Incremental chronic cancer risks and
non - cancer hazards reflect the increase or decrease of potential exposures under the future
conditions relative to the existing baseline. The proposed residential, commercial, and
recreational uses do not currently exist on the Project site; therefore, it is assumed that the
baseline risk for this case is zero (0), and the total risk from the consolidated oilfield to future on-
site represents the incremental risk at these locations.
The determination of significance was made using the SCAQMD TAC Thresholds
(Section 4.10.6) for maximum incremental cancer risk and project incremental hazard index
(HI). The incremental cancer risk is reported as the increase in cancer cases per million people.
The maximum HI is determined using a two -step calculation. First, each incremental TAC
concentration at each receptor is determined by multiplying the hourly emissions of each TAC
by the dispersion factor and dividing by the TAC reference exposure level set by the State. The
resulting ratio for each TAC is called the hazard quotient (HQ). Second, the HQs for all TACs
are added at each receptor, producing the HI for that receptor. His are calculated for chronic
non - cancer risk (Hlc) and acute risk (HIA). The peak His are compared to the SCAQMD
significance thresholds. These risk calculations are generated using HARP and the TAC
emission rates for each scenario.
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Calculate Cancer Burden
The cancer burden is the potential increase in the number of cancer cases for the actual
exposed population. SCAQMD procedures require that when the maximum individual cancer
risk (MICR) is greater than one in one million, the cancer burden is calculated. To determine the
cancer burden for this Project, several conservative simplifying assumptions were made. The
conservative USEPA SCREEN3 model was used to determine the area of analysis, which is the
area where the cancer risk would be one in one million or greater. Then, the peak cancer risk for
the consolidated oilfield on the proposed new residential and commercial areas was assumed to
apply to the entire population within a circular area with a radius defined by the distance at
which the cancer risk dropped below one in one million.
Identify Uncertainties in the Analysis
A number of uncertainties are inherent in estimates of potential carcinogenic risk and
non - carcinogenic hazard indices presented in a risk assessment. The intent of the qualitative
uncertainty analyses will be to establish a level of confidence in the results of the HHRA
analysis. These uncertainties are generally associated with assumptions, models, and
extrapolations that comprise the risk assessment process. Uncertainties in the baseline and
proposed Project HHRA are evaluated qualitatively and described. The focus of the uncertainty
discussion is on diesel exhaust particulates in particular.
4.10.4 EXISTING CONDITIONS
Climate and Meteorolo
The SoCAB is and with abundant sunshine during the summer months. It has light winds and
poor vertical mixing compared to other large urban areas in the U.S. The average wind speed
for Los Angeles is the lowest of the nation's ten largest urban areas. In addition, the
summertime maximum mixing height (an index of how well pollutants can be dispersed vertically
in the atmosphere) in Southern California averages the lowest in the U.S. The combination of
poor dispersion and abundant sunshine (which drives the photochemical reactions that form
pollutants such as ozone) provides conditions especially favorable to smog formation. The
SoCAB is bound to the north and east by mountains with maximum elevations exceeding
10,000 feet which trap pollutants in the basin. The unfavorable combination of meteorology,
topography, and emissions from the nation's second - largest urban area result in the SoCAB
having the worst air quality in the U.S. Exhibit 4.10 -1 shows a wind rose from John Wayne
Airport for 2008. The prevailing wind direction is south - southwest.
Existing Development
The Project site is currently operating as a crude oil and gas production facility. Horizontal
Drilling, LLC and their operating affiliate, WNOC, manage oil and gas production operations on
most of the site. WNOC has approximately 85 active /idle wells spread across most of the
approximate 401 -acre site. In addition, the City operates 12 oil wells, 1 water injection well, and
1 oil processing facility located at the West Coast Highway entrance area. Existing oil
operations are addressed in more detail in Section 3.0, Project Description, and Section 4.5,
Hazards and Hazardous Materials, of this EIR.
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3
a
w
c
3
z
D
------------
ORTH'
10%
8 %,
6 %,
4%
2%
WEST; EAST;
WIND SPEED
(m /s)
0 >= 11.1
--- --- --------
!SOUTH.. 5.7 - 8.8
-- 3.6 -5.7
0 2.1 - 3.6
0.5 - 2.1
Calms: 33.45%
Source: CDM 2010
2008 Wind Rose for John Wayne Airport Exhibit 4.10 -1
Newport Banning Ranch EIR
$on��
C O N S U L T I N G
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
Sensitive Air Quality Receptors
Some members of the general population are especially sensitive to air pollutant emissions and
should be given special consideration when evaluating air quality impacts from projects. These
people include children, the elderly, persons with preexisting respiratory or cardiovascular
illness, and athletes and others who engage in frequent exercise. Structures that house these
persons or places where they gather (i.e., residences, schools, playgrounds, child -care centers,
convalescent centers, retirement homes, and athletic fields) are defined as sensitive receptors
by the SCAQMD.
There are no existing sensitive receptors on the Project site. The nearest sensitive receptors to
the Project are listed below and are included on Exhibit 4.10 -2, Surrounding Land Uses.
North: Newport Terrace, a 281 -unit condominium development located in the City of
Newport Beach, north of 19th Street and
Canyon Community Park, a 35 -acre community park located in the City of Costa
Mesa, north of 19th Street.
South: Lido Sands, a single - family residential community in the City of Newport Beach,
located south of West Coast Highway and
Single- family and multi - family residential units located south of Lido Sands within
West Newport Beach.
East: Residential developments, including the California Seabreeze community and
homes on Parkview Circle, generally located between 19th Street and 18th Street
contiguous to the Project site in the City of Costa Mesa;
Carden Hall, a private school for kindergarten through 8th grade, located between
16th Street and 15th Street in the City of Newport Beach;
Additional residential uses south of 151h Street, including the condominium
developments of Newport Crest and Newport Knolls in the City of Newport
Beach; and
The City of Newport Beach's approved but not constructed Sunset Ridge Park,
located contiguous to the Project site's southeastern boundary.
West: Newport Shores, a 440 -home residential community in the City of Newport Beach
abutting the Project site to the west of the Semeniuk Slough.
In addition to the existing sensitive receptors, future residences and parks constructed as part of
the proposed Project would be considered sensitive receptors for long -term emissions.
Criteria Pollutants
Monitored Ambient Air Quality
Criteria air pollutant concentrations are measured at several monitoring stations in Orange
County. The closest station to the Project site is the Costa Mesa Monitoring Station, located at
2850 Mesa Verde Drive East, Costa Mesa, approximately three miles north of the Project site.
Equipment at the station measures 03, CO, NO2, and SO2 levels. Because this monitoring
R:TrojectMNewpartU015Mmft EIRW.10 AO- 090311.doc 4.10 -10 Newport Banning Ranch
Draft Environmental Impact Report
i f
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9
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Newport Terrace
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Sensitive Receptors - Air Quality
Newport Banning Ranch EIR
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Source: FORM 2010
Exhibit 4.10 -2
�nTerr�
C O N S U L T I N G
(072511 JCC) R:\ProjecMNewpoAU015\ Graphics \EIRhEx4.10- 2_Sens RecAQ.pdf
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
station does not monitor PM10 and PM2.5, data was supplemented from the Mission Viejo
Station (Saddleback Valley) for these criteria pollutants. Data from 2008 to 2010 from these
stations are summarized in Table 4.10 -2. The data show exceedances of the federal 8 -hour 03
standard in 2008 and the State 8 -hour 03 standard in 2008 and 2009 at the Costa Mesa
Monitoring Station. At the Mission Viejo Monitoring Station, the State PM10 24 -hour and annual
standards were exceeded in 2009 and the federal PM2.5 24 -hour standard was exceeded in
2009.
TABLE 4.10 -2
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AT COSTA MESA AND MISSION VIEJO
MONITORING STATIONS
Attainment Designations
Based on monitored air pollutant concentrations, the USEPA and CARB designate an area's
"attainment status" for the criteria pollutants identified above. When a region is designated as a
nonattainment area, the State is required to prepare a SIP and the air district is required to
prepare a regional attainment plan. When an area has been reclassified from a nonattainment
to an attainment area for a federal standard, the status is identified as "maintenance', and there
must be a plan and measures that will keep the region in attainment for the following ten years.
Table 4.10 -3 summarizes the attainment status in the SoCAB for the criteria pollutants.
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Draft Environmental Impact Report
Number of Days
Number of Days
Federal
Maximum
Exceeding
Exceeding State
Averaging
Primary
California
Concentrationsa
Federal Standard
Standard
2008
2009
2010
2008
2009
2010
2008
2009
2010
Pollutant
Time
Standard
Standard
03
1 hour
none
0.09 ppm
0.094
0.087
–
–
–
–
0
0
–
(Costa
Mesa)
8 hour
0.075 ppm
0.07 ppm
0.079
0.072
0.069
3
0
0
5
3
0
CO
1 hour
35 ppm
20 ppm
3
3
–
0
–
–
0
–
–
(Costa
Mesa)
8 hour
9 ppm
9.0 ppm
1.97
2.16
2.09
0
0
0
0
0
0
S02
24 hours
0.14 ppm
0.04 ppm
0.003
1 0.004
0.002
1 0
0
0
0
0
0
(Costa
Mesa)
Annual
0.03 ppm
none
0.001
0.001
0
0
–
–
NO2
1 hour
0.100 ppm
0.18 ppm
0.081
0.065
0.070
0
0
0
0
0
0
(Costa
Mesa)
Annual
0.053 ppm
0.030 ppm
0.013
0.013
0
0
0
0
PM10
24 hours
150 pg /m3
50 pg /m3
42.0
56.0
0
0
0
1
(Mission
Viejo)
Annual
Revoked
3
20 pg /m
22.6
23.2
–
–
–
0
1
PM2.5
24 hours
35 Ng /m3
none
32.6
39.2
0
1
–
–
(Mission
Viejo)
Annual
15 Ng /m 3
12 pg /m 3
10.3
0
,
,
0
,
ppm: parts per million; —: data not available or applicable; pg /m3: micrograms per cubic meter;': insufficient data to determine the
value.
Concentration units for O,, CO, and NO2 are in ppm. Concentration units for PM10 and PM2.5 are in pg /m'.
For annual standards, a value of 1 indicates that the standard has been exceeded.
Source: CARB 2011, SCAQMD 2010.
Attainment Designations
Based on monitored air pollutant concentrations, the USEPA and CARB designate an area's
"attainment status" for the criteria pollutants identified above. When a region is designated as a
nonattainment area, the State is required to prepare a SIP and the air district is required to
prepare a regional attainment plan. When an area has been reclassified from a nonattainment
to an attainment area for a federal standard, the status is identified as "maintenance', and there
must be a plan and measures that will keep the region in attainment for the following ten years.
Table 4.10 -3 summarizes the attainment status in the SoCAB for the criteria pollutants.
R:TrojectslNewpartU015VDrafi EIRW.10 AD- 090311.doc 4.10 -11 Newport Banning Ranch
Draft Environmental Impact Report
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
TABLE 4.10 -3
ATTAINMENT STATUS OF CRITERIA POLLUTANTS IN
THE SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN
Pollutant
State
Federal
03 (1 hour)
Nonattainment
No standard
03 (8 hour)
Extreme Nonattainment'
PM10
Nonattainment
Serious Nonattainment
PM2.5
Nonattainment
Nonattainment
CO
Attainment
Attainment/Maintenance
NO2
Nonattainment°
Attainment/Maintenance
S02
Attainment
Attainment
Lead
Attainment/Nonattainment'
Attainment/Nonattainment'
All others
Attainment /Unclassified
No standards
03: ozone; PM10: particulate matter 10 microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or
less in diameter; CO: carbon monoxide; NO2: nitrogen dioxide; S02: sulfur dioxide.
The USEPA approved redesignation from Severe 17 to Extreme Nonattainment on May 5, 2010, to be
effective June 4, 2010..
The SoCAB was reclassified from attainment to nonattainment for NO, on March 25, 2010.
Los Angeles County was reclassified from attainment to nonattainment for lead in 2010; the remainder of the
SoCAB is in attainment of the State and federal standards.
Source: SCAQMD 2010, USEPA 2010x.
Existing On -site Emissions - Oilfield Operations
Existing emissions data for stationary sources (e.g., drill rigs, backhoes, hydralifts) and on -road
vehicles are shown in Table 4.10 -4.
TABLE 4.10 -4
EXISTING OILFIELD OPERATIONS CRITERIA POLLUTANTS EMISSIONS
(POUNDS PER DAY)
Toxic Air Contaminants
Background Cancer Risk
The Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study III (MATES III) is a monitoring and evaluation study
conducted in the SoCAB and is part of the SCAQMD Governing Board's 2003 -2004
Environmental Justice Workplan. The study focuses on the carcinogenic risk from exposure to
air toxics. It does not estimate mortality or other adverse health effects from particulate
exposures.
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VOC
NOx
CO
sox
PM10
PM2.5
Stationary Operation Emissions
35.68
5.70
1.65
14.59
0.43
0.40
Mobile Source Emissions
11.02
100.43
46.22
0.14
82.08
12.08
Total
46.7
106.1
47.9
14.7
82.5
12.5
VOC: volatile organic compounds; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide; Sox: sulfur oxides; PM10:
matter 10 microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in diameter.
Note: Totals are rounded to one decimal.
Source: CDM 2010.
particulate
Toxic Air Contaminants
Background Cancer Risk
The Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study III (MATES III) is a monitoring and evaluation study
conducted in the SoCAB and is part of the SCAQMD Governing Board's 2003 -2004
Environmental Justice Workplan. The study focuses on the carcinogenic risk from exposure to
air toxics. It does not estimate mortality or other adverse health effects from particulate
exposures.
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Draft Environmental Impact Report
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
The MATES III Study consists of several elements, including a monitoring program, an updated
emissions inventory of toxic air contaminants, and a modeling effort to characterize risk across
the SoCAB. The MATES III study estimates that the average carcinogenic risk from air toxics in
the SoCAB, is about 1,200 per 1 million. This risk refers to the expected number of additional
cancers in a population of 1 million individuals that are exposed over a 70 -year lifetime. Using
the MATES III methodology, about 94 percent of the risk is attributed to emissions associated
with mobile sources, and about 6 percent of the risk is attributed to toxics emitted from
stationary sources, which include industries and businesses such as dry cleaners and chrome
plating operations. The results indicate that diesel exhaust is the major contributor to air toxics
risk, and accounts on average for about 84 percent of the total.
The MATES III study used monitored data to model risk throughout the SoCAB. The modeled
carcinogenic risk for the area including the Project site is 400 to 600 per 1 million, which is less
than or equal to half of the SoCAB average of about 1,200 per 1 million (SCAQMD 2008b).
Existing On -site Emissions — Oilfield Operations
Existing TAC emissions from oilfield operations were obtained or calculated by the methods
previously described in Section 4.10.3. These data are shown in Table 4.10 -5.
! fG] F�73�alx�li7��[ �] ��j= /_r11�17��iT�I��711I_1�I�T_1:7 Z�i�7�I�IYl1[�l�b'?
Proiect Desion Features
PDF 4.10 -1 The Master Development Plan provides for commercial uses, in the Mixed -
Use /Residential and Visitor - Serving Resort/Residential Land Use Districts, within
walking distance of the proposed residential neighborhoods and nearby
residential areas to reduce vehicle trips and vehicle miles traveled.
PDF 4.10 -2 The Master Development Plan provides a network of public pedestrian and
bicycle trails to reduce auto - dependency by connecting proposed residential
neighborhoods to parks and open space within the Project site and to off -site
recreational amenities, such as the beach and regional parks and trails.
Additionally, the following PDFs, which are specifically identified for alternatives modes of
transportation and greenhouse gas emission reduction, would also reduce criteria pollutant
emissions; please refer to Section 4.8, Recreation and Trails, and Section 4.11, Greenhouse
Gas Emissions, respectively.
PDF 4.8 -3 If permitted by all applicable agencies, a pedestrian and bicycle bridge over West
Coast Highway will be provided, as set forth in the Master Development Plan,
from the Project site to a location south of West Coast Highway to encourage
walking and bicycling to and from the beach.
PDF 4.11 -1 The Newport Banning Ranch Planned Community Development Plan and the
Master Development Plan require that the Project be consistent with a
recognized green building program that exists at the time of final Project approval
such as, but not limited to, Build It Green, the U.S. Green Building Council's
(USGBC's) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design— Neighborhood
Development (LEED- ND TM), California Green Builder, or National Association of
Home Builders' National Green Building Standard.
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Draft Environmental Impact Report
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
TABLE 4.10 -5
EXISTING OILFIELD OPERATIONS TAC EMISSIONS
Toxic Air Contaminant
Existing Emissions
Ibs /hr
Ibs /yr
1,3- butadiene
0.002453
0.5633
acetaldehyde
0.094807
0.2468
acrolein (2- propenal)
0.000001
0.138261
ammonia
0.146466
427.68
arsenic
0
0.0346
benzene
0.050258
74.0657
bromine
0.000011
0.0456
cadmium
0.000147
0.03
chlorine
0.000183
2.5121
chromium VI
0.000146
0.0062
copper
0.008332
0.3685
diesel particulate matter (diesel PM)
-a
232.7182
ethylbenzene
0.00394
1.0979
formaldehyde
0.192551
9.99
isomers of xylene
0.013455
5.0235
lead
0.000024
0.2999
manganese
0.001539
2.1149
mercury
0.001277
0.0323
methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) (2- butanone)
0.019044
-°
methyl t -butyl ether (MTBE)
0.000013
1.9879
m- xylene
0.007902
3.7279
n- hexane
0.002035
1.6223
nickel
0.008856
0.0894
o- xylene
0.004328
1.2956
pahs, total, with components not reported
0.000011
0.031
propylene
0.033505
3.2036
p- xylene
0.001225
2
selenium
0.000151
0.0069
sulfates
0.000367
16.7476
styrene
0.000749
0.129
toluene
0.019032
6.022
vanadium
0.000034
0.1776
California has only developed risk parameters for chronic exposure to diesel PM;
therefore, estimate of acute emissions are not necessary for the HHRA.
California has only developed risk parameters for acute exposure for MEK;
therefore, estimate of chronic emissions are not necessary for the HHRA. Most
MEK in the Baseline is from diesel engine exhaust, so chronic cancer /non- cancer
risk is addressed as exposure to diesel PM.
The only source of p- xylene in the Baseline is as a diesel component. Diesel PM is
used to address all chronic cancer and non - cancer health.
Source: CDM 2010.
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Draft Environmental Impact Report
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
PDF 4.11 -2 The Newport Banning Ranch Planned Community Development Plan and the
Master Development Plan require the Project to exceed adopted 2008 Title 24
energy conservation requirements by a minimum of five percent.
PDF 4.11 -3 The Master Development Plan and the Newport Beach Planned Community
Development Plan require the Project to be coordinated with Orange County
Transportation Authority (OCTA) to allow for a transit routing through the
community, and will provide bus stops and /or shelters as needed in the
community to accommodate the bus routing needed by OCTA.
PDF 4.11 -4 The Newport Banning Ranch Planned Community Development Plan and the
Master Development Plan require that all residential development incorporate the
following measures, which will be reflected on and incorporated into every
application for a final subdivision map that creates residential lots:
a. Builder - installed indoor appliances, including dishwashers, showers, and
toilets, will be low water -use. Homeowners Association (HOA) owned and
operated public and /or common area men's restrooms will be required to
feature waterless urinals.
b. Smart Controller irrigation systems will be installed in all public and common
area landscaping. Community landscape areas will be designed on a
"hydrozone" basis to group plants according to their water requirements and
sun exposure.
c. Air conditioning units will be Freon -free.
d. Concrete for paving in public infrastructure and Project common areas will not
be acid - washed unless mandated by agency requirements.
e. The future homeowners association for Newport Banning Ranch will be
required to provide educational information on recycling to all homeowners
prior to individual purchase of property and again annually.
f. Multimetering "dashboards" will be provided in each dwelling unit to visualize
real -time energy use.
g. Single- family detached residential roofs, commercial building roofs, and HOA
owned public building roofs, which have adequate solar orientation shall be
designed to be compatible with the installation of photovoltaic panels or other
current solar power technology.
PDF 4.11 -5 The Newport Banning Ranch Planned Community Development Plan and the
Master Development Plan require that the following measures be implemented
during initial Project grading activities and will be incorporated into all grading
permit applications submitted to the City:
a. Construction waste diversion will be increased by 50 percent from 2010
requirements.
b. To the extent practical, during the oilfield clean -up and remediation process,
the Landowner /Master Developer will be required to recycle and reuse
R:TrojectslNewpartU015\IOrafi EIRW.10 AO- 090311.doc 4.10 -15 Newport Banning Ranch
Draft Environmental Impact Report
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
materials on site to minimize off -site hauling and disposal of materials and
associated off -site traffic.
Standard Conditions and Requirements
SC 4.10 -1 Dust Control. During construction of the proposed Project, the Project
Developer shall require all construction contractors to comply with South Coast
Air Quality Management District's (SCAQMD's) Rules 402 and 403 in order to
minimize short-term emissions of dust and particulates. SCAQMD Rule 402
requires that air pollutant emissions not be a nuisance off site. SCAQMD
Rule 403 requires that fugitive dust be controlled with Best Available Control
Measures so that the presence of such dust does not remain visible in the
atmosphere beyond the property line of the emission source. This requirement
shall be included as notes on the contractor specifications. Table 1 of Rule 403
lists the Best Available Control Measures that are applicable to all construction
projects. The measures include, but are not limited to, the following:
a. Clearing and grubbing: Apply water in sufficient quantity to prevent
generation of dust plumes.
b. Cut and fill: Pre -water soils prior to cut and fill activities and stabilize soil
during and after cut and fill activities.
c. Earth- moving activities: Pre -apply water to depth of proposed cuts; re -apply
water as necessary to maintain soils in a damp condition and to ensure that
visible emissions do not exceed 100 feet in any direction; and stabilize soils
once earth - moving activities are complete.
d. Importing /exporting of bulk materials: Stabilize material while loading to
reduce fugitive dust emissions; maintain at least six inches of freeboard on
haul vehicles; and stabilize material while transporting to reduce fugitive dust
emissions.
e. Stockpiles/bulk material handling: Stabilize stockpiled materials; stockpiles
within 100 yards of off -site occupied buildings must not be greater than 8 feet
in height, must have a road bladed to the top4 to allow water truck access, or
must have an operational water irrigation system that is capable of complete
stockpile coverage.
f. Traffic areas for construction activities: Stabilize all off -road traffic and
parking areas; stabilize all haul routes; and direct construction traffic over
established haul routes.
Rule 403 defines large operations as projects with 50 or more acres of grading or
with a daily earth - moving volume of 5,000 cubic yards at least 3 times in 1 year.
The Project is considered a large operation. Large operations are required to
implement additional dust - control measures (as specified in Tables 2 and 3 of
Rule 403); provide additional notifications, signage, and reporting; and appoint a
Dust Control Supervisor. The Dust Control Supervisor is required to:
Refers to a road to the top of the pile.
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
• Be employed by or contracted with the Property Owner or Developer;
• Be on the site or available on site within 30 minutes during working hours;
• Have the authority to expeditiously employ sufficient dust mitigation
measures to ensure compliance with all Rule 403 requirements; and
• Have completed the AQMD Fugitive Dust Control Class and have been
issued a valid Certificate of Completion for the class.
SC 4.10 -2 Architectural Coatings. Architectural coatings shall be selected so that the VOC
content of the coatings is compliant with SCAQMD Rule 1113. This requirement
shall be included as notes on the contractor specifications.
The following standard condition is included in the Project analysis of Climate Change impacts,
but would also reduce criteria pollutant emissions; please refer to Section 4.11.
SC 4.11 -1 Energy Efficiency Standards. The Project shall be built in accordance with the
California 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and
Nonresidential Buildings, commonly identified as the "2008 Title 24 Energy
Efficiency Standards ".5
4.10.6 THRESHOLDS OF SIGNIFICANCE
The following significance criteria are from the City of Newport Beach Environmental Checklist.
A significant impact related to air quality would occur if the proposed Project would:
Threshold 4.10 -1 Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan.
Threshold 4.10 -2 Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or
projected air quality violation.
Threshold 4.10 -3 Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant
for which the project region is in nonattainment under an applicable
NAAQS or CAAQS (including releasing emissions that exceed
quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors).
Threshold 4.10 -4 Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations.
Threshold 4.10 -5 Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people.
Threshold 4.10 -6 Conflict with any applicable plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with
jurisdiction over the project (including, but not limited to the general plan,
specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the
purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect.
Appendix G of the State CEQA Guidelines states that the significance criteria established by the
applicable air quality management plan or air pollution control district may be relied upon to
make the above determinations. The SCAQMD has established significance thresholds to
assess the regional and localized impacts of project - related air pollutant emissions.
5 Note that PDF 4.11 -2 commits the Project to exceed the energy requirements of these standards by at least five
percent.
RTrojectMNewpartU015\IOrafi EIRW.10 AO- 090311.doc 4.10 -17 Newport Banning Ranch
Draft Environmental Impact Report
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
Table 4.10 -6 identifies the significance thresholds. A project with daily emission rates, risk
values, or concentrations below these thresholds is generally considered to have a less than
significant effect on air quality. The thresholds in the Ambient Air Quality for Criteria Pollutants
section of Table 4.10 -6, except for the Sulfate threshold, were used by SCAQMD to establish
the emissions thresholds described in the LST methodology and impact analysis.
TABLE 4.10 -6
SCAQMD AIR QUALITY SIGNIFICANCE THRESHOLDS
Mass Daily Thresholds (Ibs /day)
Pollutant Construction Operation
VOC
75
55
NOx
100
55
CO
550
550
PM10
150
150
PM2.5
55
55
Sox
150
150
Lead
3
3
Toxic Air Contaminants (TACs), Odor, and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Thresholds
Maximum Incremental Cancer Risk ? 10 in 1 million
TACs'
Cancer Burden > 0.5 excess cancer cases (in areas ? 1 in 1 million)
Chronic & Acute Hazard Index? 1.0 (project increment)
Odor
Project creates an odor nuisance pursuant to Rule 402
GHG
10,000 MT /yr CO2eq for industrial facilities
Ambient Air Quality For Criteria Pollutants'
NOz
1 -hour average ? 0.18 ppm
Annual average ? 0.03 ppm
CO
1 -hour average ? 20.0 ppm (State)
8 -hour average z 9.0 ppm (State /federal)
24 -hour average z 10.4 pg /m3 (construction)
PM10
24 -hour average ? 2.5 pg /m3 (operation)
Annual average z 1.0 pg /m3
24 -hour average a 10.4 pg /m3 (construction)
PM2.5
24 -hour average ? 2.5 pg /m3 (operation)
Sulfate
24 -hour average ? 1.0 pg /m3
Ibs /day: pounds per day; VOC: volatile organic compound; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide; Sox: sulfur oxides;
PM10: respirable particulate matter with a diameter of 10 microns or less; PM2.5: fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5
microns or less; NO2: nitrogen dioxide
a TACs (carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic)
Ambient air quality threshold based on SCAQMD Rule 403.
Source: SCAQMD 2011b
4.10.7 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Threshold 4.10 -1 Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of the
applicable air quality plan?
The AQMP is based on growth projections agreed to the five affected counties and SCAG. If the
total population accommodated by a new project, together with the existing population and the
projected population from all other planned projects in the subarea, does not exceed the growth
projections for that subarea incorporated in the most recently adopted AQMP, the completed
project is consistent with the AQMP. The entire County of Orange is considered to be one
R:TrolectMNewpartU015Mmft EIRW.10 AQ- 090311.do 4.10 -18 Newport Banning Ranch
Draft Environmental Impact Report
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
subarea. The AQMP is region -wide and accounts for, and offsets, cumulative increases in
emissions that are the result of anticipated growth throughout the region.
The City of Newport Beach General Plan land use designation provides land use regulations
and development standards for both the Primary Use (Open Space) and an Alternative Use
(Residential Village) of the Project site.
The General Plan identifies the maximum intensity of development allowed on the property as
1,375 dwelling units, 75,000 square feet of retail commercial uses oriented to serve the needs of
local and nearby residents, and 75 hotel rooms in a small boutique hotel or other type of
overnight visitor accommodation. The AQMP assumptions for mobile source emissions are
based on assumed trip generation and trip distances, which are, in turn, based upon existing
uses and general plans. The assumptions in the AQMP are consistent with the General Plan.
The proposed Project does not propose development that exceeds the quantities in the General
Plan; therefore, the Project does not exceed the assumptions in the AQMP. Because
implementation of the proposed Newport Banning Ranch Project would not exceed growth
projections for the subarea, the Project is considered consistent with the AQMP.
Impact Summary. No Impact. The AQMP provides controls sufficient to attain the national
and state ozone and particulate standards based on the long -range
growth projections for the region. The Project does not exceed the
assumptions in the AQMP. Therefore, the Project is in conformance with
the AQMP.
Threshold 4.10 -2 Would the project violate any air quality standard or contribute
substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation?
Construction Emissions
The proposed Project would be constructed over a period of approximately ten years.
Construction would include the consolidation of the existing oilfields and soil remediation.
Remediation is anticipated to occur from approximately February 2014 until February 2017. The
first of the three phases of site development is scheduled to begin in August 2014 with
construction of residences and other Project elements expected to begin in early 2015.
Completion and full occupancy of the final phase is expected at the end of 2023. The schedule
of construction activities used for calculating construction emissions was developed from the
Conceptual Phasing Plan (see Table 3 -5, in Section 3.0, Project Description). The oilfield
remediation work would overlap with site development and construction of the first two building
phases. The buildout of each of the first two phases would overlap with the construction of the
subsequent phase. During the construction period, air pollutants would be emitted by off -road
and on -road construction equipment and worker vehicles, and fugitive dust would be generated
during earth - moving and grading on site.
Construction emissions were calculated using CalEEMod, as described in the Methodology
section, and based on the scenario described above and information provided in Section 3.0,
Project Description. Compliance with SCAQMD Rules is required; specifically, it is assumed that
construction would be performed in accordance with Rule 403, Fugitive Dust, and Rule 1113,
Architectural Coatings (SC 4.10 -1 and SC 4.10 -2, respectively). Therefore, emissions
reductions consistent with those rules have been included in the estimation of construction
emissions prior to mitigation. The details of phasing, selection of construction equipment, and
other input parameters are included in Appendix G of this EIR.
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
Mass Emissions Thresholds
The results of the URBEMIS calculations for Project construction are shown in Table 4.10 -7,
which shows the estimated maximum daily emissions for each construction year. Appendix G of
the EIR includes the CalEEMod model output details, including unmitigated and mitigated
emissions on site and off site for each construction activity for each year; Table 4.10 -7
summarizes the findings. The data are compared with the SCAQMD mass daily thresholds.
TABLE 4.10 -7
ESTIMATED MAXIMUM DAILY
CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS: UNMITIGATED'
Year
voc
NOx
CO
sox
PM10
PM2.5
2014
20
157
93
<0.5
44
11
2015
29
178
123
<0.5
48
13
2016
25
145
108
<0.5
29
10
2017
31
165
151
<0.5
37
11
2018
27
82
87
<0.5
15
5
2019
32
103
128
<0.5
22
6
2020
17
53
87
<0.5
17
3
2021
12
25
45
<0.5
9
1
2022
11
23
44
<0.5
9
1
2023
11
22
42
<0.5
9
1
SCAQMD Thresholds
(Table 4.10 -6)
75
100
550
150
150
55
Exceed Threshold?
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
VOC: volatile organic compounds; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide; Sox: sulfur oxides; PM10:
particulate matter 10 microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in diameter.
Notes: Detailed data in Appendix G.
e In pounds per day
Table 4.10 -7 shows that the estimated maximum daily construction NOx emissions would
exceed the SCAQMD significance threshold in the years 2014 through 2017 and 2019.
Emissions of all other criteria pollutants and NOx emissions in 2018 and 2020 through 2023
would not exceed the SCAQMD CEQA significance thresholds. The exceedance of the NOx
threshold would occur when remediation in one area of the site would occur concurrently with
grading in an area where remediation was completed or not required. Thus, the exceedance
would not be continuous for the entire year but limited to periods when the two activities using
multiple pieces of heavy equipment would overlap.
In order to reduce NOx emissions, Mitigation Measures (MM) 4.10 -1 through 4.10 -4 have been
incorporated into the Project. MM 4.10 -1 requires the use of advanced design diesel- engine
driven construction equipment with Tier 3 and Tier 4 certification. The use of Tier 3 equipment is
mandatory and the use of Tier 4 equipment is required where available. MMs 4.10 -2 through
4.10 -4 are measures commonly recommended by the SCAQMD as good practice on large
construction projects for NOx emissions reduction; these measures principally require efficient
operations of construction equipment and construction traffic. Emissions reductions with Tier 3
and Tier 4 equipment can be estimated with the CaIEEMod model. Table 4.10 -8 shows
estimated construction emissions with the assumption that approximately 50 percent Tier 3 and
50 percent Tier 4 diesel engine equipment would be used. Emission reductions achieved with
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
MMs 4.10 -2 through 4.10 -4 are not quantifiable in the model but would potentially reduce
pollutant emissions below those shown in Table 4.10 -8.
TABLE 4.10 -8
ESTIMATED MAXIMUM DAILY
CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS: MITIGATEDe
Year
VOc
NOx
co
sox
PM10
PM2.5
2014
8
42
93
<0.5
40
7
2015
17
60
128
<0.5
43
8
2016
16
57
118
<0.5
26
7
2017
21
83
165
<0.5
34
8
2018
23
44
95
<0.5
13
4
2019
28
68
139
<0.5
22
6
2020
17
48
92
<0.5
18
3
2021
11
24
47
<0.5
10
2
2022
11
24
46
<0.5
10
2
2023
11
23
45
<0.5
10
2
SCAQMD Thresholds
(Table 4.10 -6)
75
100
550
150
150
55
Exceed Threshold?
No
No
No
No
No
No
VOC: volatile organic compounds; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide; Sox: sulfur oxides; PM10:
particulate matter 10 microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in diameter.
Notes: Detailed data in Appendix G.
e In pounds per day
As shown in Table 4.10 -8, the use of approximately 50 percent Tier 3 and 50 percent Tier 4
diesel engine equipment would reduce NOx emissions below the SCAQMD CEQA threshold
value. It is noted that the use of all Tier 3 equipment and no Tier 4 equipment would not reduce
NOx emissions below the SCAQMD thresholds for all construction years. Estimated emissions
for the all -Tier 3 scenario are shown in Appendix G.
Although the data in Table 4.10 -8 shows that emissions of all pollutants would be less than the
SCAQMD CEQA thresholds with approximately 50 percent Tier 3 and 50 percent Tier 4 diesel
engine equipment, the availability of sufficient numbers of Tier 4 equipment in 2014 and the
following years cannot be assured. Therefore, the Project construction emissions would be a
potentially significant and unavoidable impact.
SCs 4.10 -1 and 4.10 -2 require compliance with
architectural coatings rules, respectively. Although
not exceed the CEQA significance thresholds for
through 4.10 -7 would provide additional emissions
control, street sweeping, and early road paving to
emissions. MMs 4.10 -8 and 4.10 -9 provide notices t
and a complaint resolution process.
oSCAQMD dust control and low VOC
unmitigated construction emissions would
pollutants other than NOx, MMs 4.10 -5
reductions; these measures require dust
minimize fugitive dust, PM10, and PM2.5
nearby residents of planned grading work
Ambient Air Quality- Local Significance Thresholds
Local pollutant concentrations are initially addressed using the SCAQMD LST look -up table
methodology previously described in Section 4.10 -3. The closest sensitive receptors to the
Project site are the Newport Crest residences adjacent to the southeastern boundary of the site
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
in the City of Newport Beach; the Carden Hall School, adjacent to the site on the east at
16th Street in the City of Newport Beach; and the California Seabreeze community, located
generally between 19th Street and 18th Street contiguous to the Project site in the City of Costa
Mesa. Each of these receptors is within 25 meters (82 feet)6 of a part of the Project site that
would have construction activity.
Table 4.10 -9 identifies the emissions thresholds for local pollutants with receptors at a distance
of 25 meters for 1 -, 2 -, and 5 -acre sites. The table shows that emissions thresholds increase
with the size of the site. Therefore, thresholds for sites larger than 5 acres, if they were
developed, would be greater than the 5 -acre SCAQMD thresholds. Although the Project site is
much larger than 5 acres, the maximum area of daily disturbance during concurrent remediation
and grading operations would be approximately 7 acres. This area is consistent with the
anticipated intensity of construction and based on the number of pieces of construction
equipment to be used. Table 4.10 -9 shows the maximum daily on -site emissions for the
Project's construction activities, without mitigation. Emissions shown in Table 4.10 -9 are less
than those shown in Table 4.10 -7 because the sources of local concentration include only on-
site emitters. The emissions of each of the pollutants analyzed would be less than the five -acre
thresholds shown in Table 4.10 -8, and would therefore be less than the thresholds for larger
sites. Therefore, the local pollutant impacts from on -site construction over the Project site would
be less than significant.
TABLE 4.10 -9
LOCAL SIGNIFICANCE THRESHOLD CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS
FOR RECEPTORS AT 25 METERS
As shown on the table, emissions of the four pollutants would not exceed the LST 5 -acre
thresholds. However, because more than five acres could be disturbed in one day, a dispersion
model analysis using the AERMOD model (see Methodology section) was conducted for PM10.
The principal source of the PM10 emissions would be fugitive dust from grading activities. The
highest on -site PM10 emission rate would occur during concurrent remediation and grading in
the Phase 1 Project areas (see Appendix G). The nearest affected receptors during Phase 1
construction would be the Newport Crest Condominium residences adjacent to the southeastern
boundary of the Project site and Carden Hall School. The model results indicate that the highest
24 -hour PM10 concentration, 9.0 micrograms per cubic meter (pg /m), would occur at the
southwestern corner of the Newport Crest Condominium development. At the western property
line at Carden Hall School, the concentrations would not exceed 6 pg /m3. The concentration
would decrease at receptors farther from the property line. The estimated 24 -hour concentration
at the property lines and nearest sensitive receptors would be less than the State ambient air
6 Metric units are used in this discussion to be consistent with SCAQMD methodology.
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NOx
c0
PM10
PM2.5
Emissions (lbslday)
LST Thresholds — 1 -acre site
92
639
4
3
LST Thresholds — 2 -acre site
131
945
7
5
LST Thresholds — 5 -acre site
197
1,711
14
9
Project Maximum daily on -site emissions
170
108
7
4
Exceed 5 -acre threshold?
No
No
No
No
Ibs — pounds
Thresholds are for SCAQMD Source Receptor Area 18 — North Coastal Orange County.
Source: SCAQMD 2010.
As shown on the table, emissions of the four pollutants would not exceed the LST 5 -acre
thresholds. However, because more than five acres could be disturbed in one day, a dispersion
model analysis using the AERMOD model (see Methodology section) was conducted for PM10.
The principal source of the PM10 emissions would be fugitive dust from grading activities. The
highest on -site PM10 emission rate would occur during concurrent remediation and grading in
the Phase 1 Project areas (see Appendix G). The nearest affected receptors during Phase 1
construction would be the Newport Crest Condominium residences adjacent to the southeastern
boundary of the Project site and Carden Hall School. The model results indicate that the highest
24 -hour PM10 concentration, 9.0 micrograms per cubic meter (pg /m), would occur at the
southwestern corner of the Newport Crest Condominium development. At the western property
line at Carden Hall School, the concentrations would not exceed 6 pg /m3. The concentration
would decrease at receptors farther from the property line. The estimated 24 -hour concentration
at the property lines and nearest sensitive receptors would be less than the State ambient air
6 Metric units are used in this discussion to be consistent with SCAQMD methodology.
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
quality standard of 50 pg /m3 and the local threshold of 10.4 pg /m3 established by the SCAQMD
(Table 4.10 -6), confirming that local PM10 concentrations would be less than significant.
Operational Emissions
Mass Emissions Thresholds
Proposed Development
Operational emissions would begin as the proposed residences are occupied, which is
anticipated to start in 2015. Between 2015 and the anticipated completion of the Project in 2023,
the occupancy and use of residences, retail uses, and other Project components would continue
to increase. Over the same period, vehicle emission factors for most gaseous pollutants are
anticipated to diminish because of improved vehicle fleet emissions. Proposed Project
operational emissions were analyzed for years 2017, 2020, and 2023, corresponding to the
anticipated completion of occupancy for the first three phases of the Project.
Operational emissions for the proposed Project were calculated using the CaIEEMod model.
Inputs to the model for energy and area source emissions include the number of residential
units and resort inn rooms, park acreage, and commercial use square footage. It was assumed
that 90 percent of the residential units would have gas fireplaces'. Based on PDF 4.11 -2, it was
assumed that energy efficiency would exceed Title 24 building standards by five percent. The
model also included adjustments for provision of affordable housing units. PDFs 4.11 -1 and
4.11 -4 would also provide additional energy reductions not included in the model inputs.
Inputs to the model for mobile sources include vehicle trip generation data from the Project
traffic impact analysis for Phase 1 completion and Project completion (Kimley -Horn 2011). The
CalEEMod model calculates reductions in VMT and vehicle emissions that would result from the
diversity of land uses (PDF 4.10 -1), the connectivity of neighborhoods (PDF 4.10 -2), the
inclusion of below market rate housing, and residential density. PDF 4.8 -3, the proposed
pedestrian bridge over West Coast Highway, could provide additional reduction, but the effect
on overall VMT would be small. Trip generation for 2020 was estimated using the Project
buildout methodology.
The results of the calculations are shown in Tables 4.10 -10, 4.10 -11, and 4.10 -12. The details of
the calculations (including land use, trip generation, and emissions of the individual energy and
area sources) are included in Appendix G. The results are compared with SCAQMD CEQA
significance thresholds. Project significance is assessed later in this section and includes
consideration of future oilfield emissions, which are added to the values in Tables 4.10 -11 and
4.10 -12 and baseline emissions, which are then subtracted from the totals.
As shown in the tables, operational emissions of all criteria pollutants in 2017 and 2020 would
be less than the SCAQMD CEQA significance thresholds. In 2023, calculated regional
emissions of VOC, NOx, and CO resulting from Project operation would exceed the SCAQMD
CEQA significance thresholds. The emissions of SOx, PM10, and PM2.5 would not exceed the
thresholds. Vehicle operations would be the principal source of pollutant emissions, with
consumer products as a secondary contributor to the total VOC emissions.
SCAQMD Rule 445 prohibits the installation of permanently installed wood - burning devices in new
developments.
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
TABLE 4.10 -10
YEAR 2017: ESTIMATED DAILY OPERATIONAL PROJECT EMISSIONS
(POUNDS /DAY)
Emissions Source
VOC
NOx
CO
sox
PM10
PM2.5
Area Sources'
32
1
95
<0.5
12
12
Energy Sources°
<0.5
2
1
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
Vehicles
10
17
86
<0.5
23
2
Total
42
21
182
<0.5
35
14
SCAQMD Thresholds (Table 4.10 -6)
55
55
550
150
150
55
Exceeds SCAQMD Thresholds?
No
No
No
No
No
No
VOC: volatile organic compounds; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide;
SOx: sulfur oxides; PM10:
particulate
matter 10 microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or less
in diameter.
Notes: Values shown are the higher of summer or winter emissions.
Notes: Values shown are the higher of summer or winter emissions.
Totals may not add due to rounding.
Details of calculations are included in Appendix G.
Details of calculations are included in Appendix G.
Total area sources are the sums of hearth /fireplace, landscape maintenance,
consumer products,
and
architectural
coatings.
and architectural
coatings.
° Energy sources are natural gas uses.
Energy sources are natural gas uses.
TABLE 4.10 -11
YEAR 2020: ESTIMATED DAILY OPERATIONAL PROJECT EMISSIONS
(POUNDS /DAY)
Emissions Source
VOc
NOx
CO
sox
PM10
PM2.5
Area Sources'
20
1
45
<0.5
1
1
Energy Sources°
1
5
2
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
Vehicles
28
47
232
1
71
3
Total
48
52
280
1
73
5
SCAQMD Thresholds (Table 4.10 -6)
55
55
550
150
150
55
Exceeds SCAQMD Thresholds?
No
No
No
No
No
No
VOC: volatile organic compounds; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide; SOx: sulfur oxides; PM10:
particulate
matter 10 microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or less
in diameter.
Notes: Values shown are the higher of summer or winter emissions.
Totals may not add due to rounding.
Details of calculations are included in Appendix G.
Total area sources are the sums of hearth /fireplace, landscape maintenance,
consumer products,
and architectural
coatings.
Energy sources are natural gas uses.
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
TABLE 4.10 -12
YEAR 2023: ESTIMATED DAILY OPERATIONAL PROJECT EMISSIONS
(POUNDS /DAY)
Emissions Source
vOc
NOx
CO
sox
PM10
PM2.5
Area Sourceso
48
1
115
<0.5
2
2
Energy Sources°
1
11
5
<0.5
1
1
Vehicles
146
97
463
1
121
6
Total
195
110
583
1
125
9
SCAQMD Thresholds (Table 4.10 -6)
55
55
550
150
150
55
Exceeds SCAQMD Thresholds?
Yes
I Yes
Yes
No
I No
No
VOC: volatile organic compounds; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide; Sox: sulfur oxides; PM10:
particulate
matter 10 microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or less
in diameter.
Notes: Values shown are the higher of summer or winter emissions.
Totals may not add due to rounding.
Bold values indicate exceedance of SCAQMD threshold.
Details of calculations are included in Appendix G.
Total area sources are the sums of hearth /fireplace, landscape maintenance,
consumer products,
and architectural
coatings.
Energy sources are natural gas uses.
Oilfield Operations
Stationary and mobile source criteria pollutant emissions anticipated for the consolidated oilfield
operations are shown in Table 4.10 -13; TAC emissions are discussed under Threshold 4.10 -4
below. It is assumed that future stationary source operations and emissions would be the same
as the existing conditions. Future mobile source emissions from oilfield operations would be less
than existing emissions because consolidation would result in fewer VMTs. The emission
reductions would be greatest for PM10 and PM2.5 with the reduction of travel on unpaved
roads.
TABLE 4.10 -13
ESTIMATED FUTURE CONSOLIDATED OILFIELD OPERATIONAL CRITERIA
POLLUTANT EMISSIONS (POUNDS /DAY)
Source
VOC
NOx
CO
sox
PM10
PM2.5
Stationary Sources
35.68
5.70
1.65
14.59
0.43
0.40
Mobile Sources
5.69
42.49
37.65
0.13
17.40
3.12
Total
41.4
48.2
39.3
14.7
17.8
3.5
VOC: volatile organic compounds; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide; Sox: sulfur oxides; PM10:
matter 10 microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in diameter
Note: Totals are rounded to one decimal.
Source: CDM 2010.
particulate
Total Operational Emissions
Tables 4.10 -14 and 4.10 -15 show the combined net future development and oilfield emissions
for the 2020 and Project buildout analyses. For this analysis, it is assumed that oilfield
consolidation may not be complete by 2017, but would be by 2020. Therefore, no credit is taken
for the reduction in oilfield - related emissions in 2017 (the emissions shown in Table 4.10 -10
represent the total Project operational emissions in 2017). As shown in Table 4.10 -14,
emissions of criteria pollutants in 2020 would be less than the SCAQMD CEQA significance
thresholds. The emission reductions that would result from oilfield consolidation would offset
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Draft Environmental Impact Report
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
some emissions resulting from Project development; NOx and PM2.5 emissions would be less
than existing values.
As shown in Table 4.10 -15, forecasted Project buildout emissions of VOCs and CO in 2023
would exceed the SCAQMD CEQA significance thresholds.
TABLE 4.10 -14
YEAR 2020: COMBINED FUTURE DEVELOPMENT AND OILFIELD
OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS (POUNDS /DAY)
TABLE 4.10 -15
YEAR 2023: TOTAL FUTURE DEVELOPMENT AND OILFIELD
OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS (POUNDS /DAY)
VOc
NOx
CO
sox
PM10
PM2.5
Development (Table 4.10 -11)
48
52
280
1
73
5
Future Oilfield (Table 4.10 -13)
41
48
39
15
18
4
Less: Existing Oilfield (Table 4.104)
(47)
(106)
(48)
(15)
(83)
(13)
Total Increase (Decrease)
42
(6)
271
1
8
(4)
SCAQMD Thresholds (Table 4.10 -6)
55
55
550
150
150
55
Exceeds SCAQMD Thresholds?
No
No
No
No
No
No
VOC: volatile organic compounds; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide; Sox: sulfur oxides; PM10: particulate matter 10
microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in diameter,
TABLE 4.10 -15
YEAR 2023: TOTAL FUTURE DEVELOPMENT AND OILFIELD
OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS (POUNDS /DAY)
The analysis of anticipated operational emissions shows that Project emissions would be less
than the SCAQMD CEQA significance thresholds in 2017 and 2020, as shown in
Tables 4.10 -10 and 4.10 -14; the impact over that period would be less than significant. As
Project development continues beyond 2020, the continuing growth would result in emissions of
VOCs and CO that would exceed the significance thresholds and the impact would be
significant.
PDFs 4.10 -1, 4.10 -2, and 4.11 -3 require mixed -use development, a network of pedestrian and
bicycle trails, and coordination with OCTA to reduce VMT and associated vehicle emissions.
PDF 4.8 -3 requires a bridge over West Coast Highway that, if approved, would further reduce
VMT. PDFs 4.11 -1 and 4.11 -4 require project designs that reduce energy consumption for
heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC), appliances, and water use. SC 4.11 -1 requires
construction in accordance with the 2008 Title 24 standards. However, PDF 4.11 -2 sets a
minimum standard for energy efficiency requiring the exceedance of 2008 Title 24 requirements
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Draft Environmental Impact Report
VOC
NOx
CO
sox
PM10
PM2.5
Development (Table 4.10 -12)
195
110
583
1
125
9
Future Oilfield (Table 4.10 -13)
41
48
39
15
18
4
Less: Existing Oilfield (Table 4.10 -4)
(47)
(106)
(48)
(15)
(83)
(13)
Total
189
52
574
1
60
0
SCAQMD Thresholds (Table 4.10 -6)
55
55
550
150
150
55
Exceeds SCAQMD Thresholds?
Yes
No
Yes
I No
No
I No
VOC: volatile organic compounds; NOx: nitrogen oxides; CO: carbon monoxide; Sox: sulfur oxides; PM10: particulate matter 10
microns or less in diameter; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in diameter
Note: Bold values indicate exceedance of SCAQMD threshold.
The analysis of anticipated operational emissions shows that Project emissions would be less
than the SCAQMD CEQA significance thresholds in 2017 and 2020, as shown in
Tables 4.10 -10 and 4.10 -14; the impact over that period would be less than significant. As
Project development continues beyond 2020, the continuing growth would result in emissions of
VOCs and CO that would exceed the significance thresholds and the impact would be
significant.
PDFs 4.10 -1, 4.10 -2, and 4.11 -3 require mixed -use development, a network of pedestrian and
bicycle trails, and coordination with OCTA to reduce VMT and associated vehicle emissions.
PDF 4.8 -3 requires a bridge over West Coast Highway that, if approved, would further reduce
VMT. PDFs 4.11 -1 and 4.11 -4 require project designs that reduce energy consumption for
heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC), appliances, and water use. SC 4.11 -1 requires
construction in accordance with the 2008 Title 24 standards. However, PDF 4.11 -2 sets a
minimum standard for energy efficiency requiring the exceedance of 2008 Title 24 requirements
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Draft Environmental Impact Report
Section 4. 10
Air Quality
by at least five percent. In order to reduce long -term operational emissions, MM 4.10 -10,
MM 4.10 -11, and MM 4.10 -12 would be implemented. MM 4.10 -10 would encourage the use of
bicycles instead of cars by providing adequate bicycle support facilities at residences, parks, the
resort inn, and commercial areas. MMs 4.10 -11 and 4.10 -12 would provide education to
residents relative to mobile sources and consumer products, respectively.
Concurrent Construction and Operations Emissions
From the beginning of occupancy of the first residences (estimated for late 2015) until the
completion of construction (estimated for late 2023), there would be concurrent construction and
operational emissions. For impact analysis, construction and operational emissions are not
added together because the SCAQMD has separate thresholds for each type of emissions.
Ambient Air Quality — Carbon Monoxide Hotspots
According to the CO Protocol, projects may make air quality worse if they (1) increase the
percentage of vehicles in cold start modes by two percent or more; (2) increase traffic volumes
by five percent or more over existing volumes; or (3) make traffic flow worse, which is defined
for signalized intersections as increasing average delay at intersections that operate at Level of
Service (LOS) E or F, or causing an intersection that would operate at LOS D or better without a
project to operate at LOS E or F with a project.
Existing Plus Proiect Scenario
The Project traffic analysis forecasts four intersections at LOS E or F under the Existing Plus
Project scenario and Project traffic would increase delay at the following three intersections
(peak times are listed in parentheses) (Kimley -Horn 2011):
• Newport Boulevard and Harbor Boulevard (PM peak hour),
• Newport Boulevard and 18th Street/Rochester Street (PM peak hour),
• Superior Avenue and 17th Street (PM peak hour).
General Plan Buildout Plus Project
The Project traffic analysis forecasts that there would be seven intersections at LOS E or F in
the General Plan Buildout With Project scenario and Project traffic would increase delay at the
following four intersections (peak times are listed in parentheses):
• Newport Boulevard and 1 gth Street (AM and PM peak hours),
• Newport Boulevard and Harbor Boulevard (PM peak hour),
• Newport Boulevard and 18th Street/Rochester Street (PM peak hour),
• Newport Boulevard and 17th Street (PM peak hour).
These findings indicate that quantitative screening is required. Simple conservative screening
criteria for local CO impacts developed by the SMAQMD were used. The SMAQMD states that
a project would result in a less than significant impact to air quality for local CO if it:
• Would result in an affected intersection experiencing less than 31,600 vehicles per hour;
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Would not contribute traffic to a tunnel, parking garage, bridge underpass, urban street
canyon, below -grade roadway, or other location where horizontal or vertical mixing of air
would be substantially limited; and
The intersection, which includes a mix of vehicle types, is not anticipated to be
substantially different from the County average.
Table 4.10 -16 shows the traffic volumes at each of the LOS E or F intersections where the
proposed Project would increase delay.
TABLE 4.10 -16
TRAFFIC VOLUMES AT LOS E AND F INTERSECTIONS
Intersection (Peak Hour)
Peak Hour Total
Traffic Volume
Existing Plus Project
Newport Blvd and Harbor Blvd (PM)
7,714
Newport Blvd and 18t" St/Rochester St (PM)
6,810
Superior Ave. and 17'" St (PM)
3,471
General Plan Buildout Plus Project
Newport Blvd and 19'" St (AM)
9,461
Newport Blvd and 19P° St (PM)
10,670
Newport Blvd and Harbor Blvd (PM)
8,310
Newport Blvd and 18'" SURochester St (PM)
8,030
Newport Blvd and 17t' St (PM)
8,880
Source: Kimley -Horn 2011.
As shown in Table 4.10 -16, the highest traffic volumes at the affected LOS E or F intersections
would occur at the Newport Boulevard /19th Street intersection at the PM peak hour and the
traffic volume is forecasted at 10,670 vehicles per hour. None of the analyzed intersections are
located in a tunnel, urban canyon or similar area where mixing of air would be limited, nor is the
vehicle mix anticipated to be substantially different than the County average. Because the
maximum traffic volumes would be substantially less than the 31,600 vehicles per hour
screening level, congested intersections are located where mixing of air would not be limited,
and because vehicle mix would not be extraordinary, there would be no potential for a CO
hotspot or exceedance of State or federal CO ambient air quality standard. The impact would be
less than significant and no mitigation measures are required.
PDFs 4.8 -3, 4.10 -1, 4.10 -2, and 4.11 -3, and MM 4.10 -10, would reduce vehicle miles traveled
by promoting alternative modes of transportation are applicable to this impact. Specifically,
MM 4.10 -10 would encourage the use of bicycles instead of cars by requiring adequate bicycle
support facilities at residences, parks, the resort inn, and commercial areas. MM 4.10 -11 would
provide education to residents relative to mobile sources. PDFs 4.11 -1, 4.11 -2 and 4.11 -4
require the implementation of energy saving systems that exceed adopted standards. This
would reduce operational emissions. PDF 4.11 -5 would reduce vehicle miles traveled by
reducing waste exported off -site and requiring the use of alternative fuels. (See Section 4.11
Greenhouse Gas Emissions for PDFs 4.11 -1 through 4.11 -5)
Impact Summary: Significant and Unavoidable. Without mitigation, regional (mass)
emissions of NOx are forecasted to exceed applicable thresholds in some
construction years. MM 4.10 -1 would reduce the emissions to less than
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significant. However, the availability of sufficient Tier 4 diesel engine
construction equipment cannot be assured; thus the impact is potentially
significant and unavoidable.
Localized concentrations of CO, NO2, PM10, and PM2.5 due to
construction activities would not exceed the applicable CEQA thresholds.
Long -term operational emissions of criteria pollutants would not exceed
the SCAQMD mass emissions thresholds from initial occupancy through
2020. However, as Project development continues beyond 2020,
emissions of VOC and CO would exceed the significance thresholds,
principally due to vehicle operations. The impacts would be significant
and unavoidable even with implementation of the PDFs, compliance with
Standard Conditions, and implementation of identified mitigation
measures. Localized concentrations of CO at congested intersections
would not exceed ambient air quality standards or CEQA significance
thresholds.
Threshold 4.10 -3 Would the project result in a cumulatively considerable net increase
of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is in
nonattainment under an applicable NAAQS or CAAQS (including
releasing emissions that exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone
precursors)?
The Project region is in nonattainment for 03, NO2, PM10, and PM2.5. As described above,
after 2020, implementation of the Project could result in long -term emissions of the 03 precursor
VOC and short-term emissions of the 03 precursor NO., which would exceed the SCAQMD
mass emissions thresholds for those pollutants. Long -term NOx emissions would not exceed
the threshold but are forecasted to be just less than the threshold. Therefore, emissions of VOC
and NOx would be cumulatively considerable and the proposed Project would have a significant
cumulative air quality impact.
Previously described PDFs 4.8 -3, 4.10 -1, 4.10 -2, 4.11 -2, 4.11 -3, and 4.11 -4 are applicable. PDF
4.8 -3 requires a bridge over West Coast Highway that, if approved, would further reduce VMT.
SC 4.11 -1 requires construction in accordance with the 2008 Title 24 standards. In order to
reduce long -term operational emissions, MM 4.10 -10, MM 4.10 -11, and MM 4.10 -12 would be
implemented.
Impact Summary: Significant and Unavoidable. The Project would have a significant
cumulative air quality impact because its contribution to regional pollutant
concentrations of 03 would be cumulatively considerable.
Threshold 4.10 -4 Would the project expose sensitive receptors to substantial
pollutant concentrations?
Human Health Risk Assessment
The HHRA is performed according to the SCAQMD's Risk Assessment Procedures for Rules
1401 and 1402 following the tiered analysis approach.
Tier 1 Analysis. Tier 1 involves a simple look -up table in which the Project's emissions are
compared to Screening Emission Levels. The Screening Emission Levels are pollutant emission
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thresholds which are not expected to produce a maximum individual cancer risk (MICR) greater
than one in one million or a hazard index (acute or chronic) greater than one. The screening
methodology develops factors from annual and hourly emission rates. The annual emission rate
factors are combined to produce an Application Screening Index (ASI) for cancer and chronic
hazard risk; the hourly emission rate factors produce an ASI for acute hazard risk. If the
cumulative cancer /chronic hazard or acute screening index exceeds 1.0, the screening step
failed, and a more detailed Tier 4 health risk assessment is required.
The Tier 1 analysis was performed for two cases: (1) Net emissions increase (i.e., future
conditions minus the baseline) from the consolidated oilfield and the proposed Project's
residential, commercial, and hotel development to off -site receptors 100 meters from the Project
fence line and (2) emissions from the future consolidated oilfield to receptors within the Project
site (the baseline for this case is zero.) The results of the Tier 1 analyses are shown in Table
4.10 -17; screening analysis details can be found in Appendix G. The results of the Tier 1
analysis indicate that at least one ASI is greater than 1.0 for each scenario. Therefore a Tier 4
analysis was performed. It is noted that there is no relationship between the two scenarios
because different sources are considered, nor is there a relationship between the
cancer /chronic and the acute data because the sources for each analysis are comprised of
different TACs.
TABLE 4.10 -17
TIER 1 HUMAN HEALTH RISK SCREENING ANALYSIS
Tier 4 Analysis. The Tier 4 analysis was performed using the AERMOD and HARP models.
The scenarios considered were similar to those used for the Tier 1 analysis with the following
parameters:
• For the impact from the Project and oilfield emissions to off -site receptors, the receptors
were located at the Project site boundary (fence line). The exposure time for these
receptors, in accordance with HARP protocol, is assumed to be 24 hours per day,
350 days per year, for 70 years.
• For the impact from the oilfield emissions to on -site receptors, separate analyses were
made for (1) residential and commercial receptors and (2) recreational areas. The
exposure time for the residential and commercial receptors is assumed to be 24 hours
per day, 350 days per year, for 70 years. The exposure time for recreation area
receptors is assumed to be 8 hours per day, 245 days per year, for 70 years.
The results of the Tier 4 analysis are shown in Table 4.10 -18. The Tier 4 analysis indicates that,
for all three scenarios, the MICR would be less than 10 in 1 million and the chronic non - cancer
R:TrojectMN..pertU015Mrafi EIRW.10 AO- 090311.d.c 4.10 -30 Newport Banning Ranch
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Scenario
Project/Oilfield Impact
to Off -site Receptors
Oilfield Impact to
Project Residents
ASlcance*hmNa
37.31
75.04
Is ASlcancerrchronlc Greater than 1.0?
Yes
Yes
ASlacmc
12.31
0.54
Is ASlacute Greater than 1.0?
Yes
No
ASI — Application Screening Index
Source: CDM 2010 (see Appendix G).
Tier 4 Analysis. The Tier 4 analysis was performed using the AERMOD and HARP models.
The scenarios considered were similar to those used for the Tier 1 analysis with the following
parameters:
• For the impact from the Project and oilfield emissions to off -site receptors, the receptors
were located at the Project site boundary (fence line). The exposure time for these
receptors, in accordance with HARP protocol, is assumed to be 24 hours per day,
350 days per year, for 70 years.
• For the impact from the oilfield emissions to on -site receptors, separate analyses were
made for (1) residential and commercial receptors and (2) recreational areas. The
exposure time for the residential and commercial receptors is assumed to be 24 hours
per day, 350 days per year, for 70 years. The exposure time for recreation area
receptors is assumed to be 8 hours per day, 245 days per year, for 70 years.
The results of the Tier 4 analysis are shown in Table 4.10 -18. The Tier 4 analysis indicates that,
for all three scenarios, the MICR would be less than 10 in 1 million and the chronic non - cancer
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and acute hazard indices (HIS) would be less than 1.0. Thus, none of the TAC impact indicators
would exceed the SCAQMD CEQA significance thresholds.
TABLE 4.10 -18
HARP HHRA ACUTE, CHRONIC, AND CANCER
MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL RISKS
The proposed oilfield consolidation would provide reductions of cancer risk at 40 percent of the
fence line receptors, and reduction of the chronic non - cancer health risk at 29 percent of the
receptors. The reductions are due to the relocation of oilfield activities away from most of the
receptors, as well as the decreases in emissions due to the reduction in mobile equipment
traveling for the oilfield operations. Decreases in travel time and distance would reduce
emissions from diesel engine exhaust and unpaved road dust.
Cancer Burden
Although all calculated MICR values are less than the 10 in 1 million SCAQMD threshold,
SCAQMD procedures require that when the MICR is greater than one in one million, the cancer
burden is calculated. The cancer burden is the potential increase in the number of cancer cases
for the actual exposed population. The USEPA SCREEN3 model was used to determine the
area of analysis, which is the area where the cancer risk would be one in one million or greater.
The approximate distance from the 20 -acre oil consolidation area of the site to the 1 in 1 million
cancer risk isopleths (based on SCREEN3 modeling) is roughly 1.25 miles. Drawing a rough
boundary around the outer edge of the entire Project site (not just the 20 -acre consolidated
oilfields) captured 19 census tracts in the Cities of Newport Beach, Costa Mesa, and Huntington
Beach. These census tracts have a combined population of just over 86,000. Assuming that
everyone in these tracts was exposed to a 4 in 1 million incremental cancer risk, the cancer
burden would be 0.34, which is less than the SCAQMD significance threshold of 0.5. It should
be noted that for the purposes of this analysis, very conservative assumptions were used.
Specifically, the cancer burden has been substantially overstated in this analysis since peak
cancer risk for the new, on -site residential area was used to represent cancer risk to those much
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Maximum Incremental Risk
Scenario
Cancer
Chronic Non - cancer
Acute
SCAQMD Significance
Risk t 10 in 1 million
Hlc ? 1.0
HIA ? 1.0
Thresholds
Proposed Project Impact
Peak = 4 in 1 million
peak HI =
Peak = 0.09
on Existing Fence line
(Range -8 to +4 in 1
(Range +0.
to +0.08)
(Range .0 to +0.09)
Receptors
million)
Average HI = 0.02
ge H
Average HI = 0.04
ge H
Avg = -0.7 in 1 million
Significant?
No
No
No
Consolidated Oilfield
Peak = 3 in 1 million
peak HI = 0.01
Peak H1= 0.03
Impact on Proposed
(Range 0.1 to 3 in 1
(Range 0.0002 to 0.01)
(Range 0.01 to 0.03)
Project Residential/
million)
Average HI = 0.003
Average HI = 0.02
Commercial Areas
Avg = 0.7 in a million
Consolidated Oilfield
Peak =1 in a million
peak HI = 0.01
Peak H1= 0.05
Impact on Proposed
(Range 0.06 to 1 in 1
(Range 0.0003 to 0.01)
(Range 0.02 to 0.05)
Project Recreational Areas
million)
Average HI = 0.006
Average HI = 0.03
Avg = 0.4 in 1 million
Significant?
No
No
No
HI — hazard index
A negative value indicates a reduction in risk compared to Baseline conditions.
Source: CDM 2010.
The proposed oilfield consolidation would provide reductions of cancer risk at 40 percent of the
fence line receptors, and reduction of the chronic non - cancer health risk at 29 percent of the
receptors. The reductions are due to the relocation of oilfield activities away from most of the
receptors, as well as the decreases in emissions due to the reduction in mobile equipment
traveling for the oilfield operations. Decreases in travel time and distance would reduce
emissions from diesel engine exhaust and unpaved road dust.
Cancer Burden
Although all calculated MICR values are less than the 10 in 1 million SCAQMD threshold,
SCAQMD procedures require that when the MICR is greater than one in one million, the cancer
burden is calculated. The cancer burden is the potential increase in the number of cancer cases
for the actual exposed population. The USEPA SCREEN3 model was used to determine the
area of analysis, which is the area where the cancer risk would be one in one million or greater.
The approximate distance from the 20 -acre oil consolidation area of the site to the 1 in 1 million
cancer risk isopleths (based on SCREEN3 modeling) is roughly 1.25 miles. Drawing a rough
boundary around the outer edge of the entire Project site (not just the 20 -acre consolidated
oilfields) captured 19 census tracts in the Cities of Newport Beach, Costa Mesa, and Huntington
Beach. These census tracts have a combined population of just over 86,000. Assuming that
everyone in these tracts was exposed to a 4 in 1 million incremental cancer risk, the cancer
burden would be 0.34, which is less than the SCAQMD significance threshold of 0.5. It should
be noted that for the purposes of this analysis, very conservative assumptions were used.
Specifically, the cancer burden has been substantially overstated in this analysis since peak
cancer risk for the new, on -site residential area was used to represent cancer risk to those much
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farther from the site with much lower incremental risk. There are no PDFs, SCs, or MMs
applicable to this impact.
Impact Summary. Less than Significant. Analysis of TAC emissions to both off -site and
on -site receptors demonstrates that the cancer risk, the cancer burden,
the chronic hazard risk and the acute hazard risk would be less than
significant. No mitigation is required.
Threshold 4.10 -5 Would the project create objectionable odors affecting a substantial
number of people?
Project construction equipment and activities could generate odors from diesel exhaust and
roofing, painting, and paving operations that may be noticeable by nearby residents. As these
odors are typical with construction, they would not be unfamiliar or necessarily objectionable.
The odors would be temporary and would dissipate rapidly from the source with an increase in
distance. Therefore, the construction odor impacts would be short-term, would not likely be
objectionable, and would be less than significant.
During long -term Project operations, some odors associated with residential uses (such as from
cooking and gardening) would be expected to occur. Additional odors may come from the
commercial uses if a restaurant occupies one or more of the commercial spaces, or is included
within the resort inn. The odors would be no different than in any other residential or mixed -use
area with supporting services and would not be considered objectionable by a substantial
number of people.
Field observation at the existing oilfield operations did not detect objectionable odors between
50 and 100 feet from oilfield machinery. Future residences, parks, and other areas where
substantial groups of people would gather would be 200 feet or further from the oilfields.
Therefore, odor impacts from oilfield operations would be few or none. Long -term odor impacts
would be less than significant. There are no PDFs, SCs, or MMs applicable to this impact.
Impact Summary: Less than Significant. Odors may be perceived from both construction
and long -term operations, but these odors would be typical for the land
use and operations. Odors from the oilfields are not anticipated to be
perceptible at nearby developed sites. No mitigation is required.
Threshold 4.10 -6 Would the project conflict with any applicable plan, policy, or
regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the project (including,
but not limited to the general plan, specific plan, local coastal
program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding
or mitigating an environmental effect?
Tables 4.10 -19, 4.10 -20, and 4.10 -218 evaluate the consistency of the proposed Project with the
applicable goals and policies of SCAG, the City's General Plan, and the Coastal Act,
respectively. PDFs, SCs, or MMs applicable to this impact are included in Tables 4.10 -19
through 4.10 -21.
Impact Summary. No Impact. As identified in the tables, the proposed Project would not
conflict with the intent of applicable goals or policies adopted to avoid or
mitigate impacts related to air quality.
8 For ease of reading, the policy tables are located at the end of this section.
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4.10.8 MITIGATION PROGRAM
Project Design Features
The following Project Design Features (PDFs) are applicable to the reduction of criteria pollutant
emissions: PDF 4.10 -1, PDF 4.10 -2, PDF 4.8 -3, PDF 4.11 -1, PDF 4.11 -2, PDF 4.11 -3,
PDF 4.11 -4, and PDF 4.11 -5.
Standard Conditions and Requirements
The following Standard Conditions (SCs) are applicable: SC 4.10 -1, SC 4.10 -2, and SC 4.11 -1.
Mitigation Measures
MM 4.10 -1 Off -road Construction Equipment Engines. Prior to issuance of a grading
permit, the Applicant/Master Developer shall demonstrate to the City of Newport
Beach that construction documents require the construction contractors to
implement the following measures:
a. Prior to December 31, 2014: All off -road diesel - powered construction
equipment greater than 50 horsepower (hp) shall meet Tier 3 off -road
emissions standards.
b. After January 1, 2015: All off -road diesel - powered construction equipment
greater than 50 horsepower (hp) shall meet Tier 4 off -road emissions
standards, where available.
c. A copy of each unit's certified Tier specification shall be provided at the time
of mobilization of each applicable unit of equipment.
MM 4.10 -2 Construction Site Design and Operation. Prior to issuance of a grading permit,
the Landowner /Master Developer shall demonstrate to the City of Newport Beach
that construction documents require the construction contractors to implement
the following measures or provide information and data that demonstrates that
implementation would not be feasible:
a. Electricity shall come from power poles rather than diesel- or gasoline- fueled
generators, compressors, or similar equipment;
b. Construction parking shall be configured to minimize traffic interference;
c. Construction trucks shall be routed away from congested streets and
sensitive receptors;
d. Construction activities that affect traffic flow on the arterial system shall be
scheduled to off -peak hours to the extent practicable;
e. Temporary traffic controls, such as a flag person(s), shall be provided where
necessary to maintain smooth traffic flow; and
f. Dedicated turn lanes for movement of construction equipment on- and off -site
and signal synchronization shall be provided as necessary to maintain
smooth traffic flow.
MM 4.10 -3 Construction Equipment Operation. Prior to issuance of a grading permit, the
Landowner /Master Developer shall demonstrate to the City of Newport Beach
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that construction documents require the construction contractors to implement
the following measures:
a. All construction equipment shall be tuned and maintained in accordance with
the manufacturer's specifications;
b. Diesel truck idling time shall be five minutes or less, both on- and off -site; and
c. Work crews shall shut off diesel equipment when not in use.
MM 4.10 -4 Construction Ridesharing and Transit Incentives. Prior to issuance of a
grading permit, the Landowner /Master Developer shall provide copies of
construction documents to the City of Newport Beach showing that these
documents include a statement that the construction contractors shall support
and encourage ridesharing and transit incentives for the construction crews.
MM 4.10 -5 Fugitive Dust — Supplementary Measures. Prior to issuance of each grading
permit, the Landowner /Master Developer shall demonstrate to the City of
Newport Beach that construction documents and grading plans include the
following:
a. The contractor shall suspend grading operations when wind gusts exceed
15 miles per hour;
b. The contractor shall take measures (such as additional watering or the
application of chemical suppressants) to stabilize disturbed areas and
stockpiles prior to non -work days if windy conditions are forecasted for a
weekend, holiday, or other day when site work is not planned.
c. The contractor shall re -apply water as necessary during grading and
earth- moving to ensure that visible emissions do not extend to residences or
schools.
MM 4.10 -6 Paving of Bluff Road. Prior to issuance of a grading permit, the
Landowner /Master Developer shall demonstrate to the City of Newport Beach
that construction plans and schedule require the construction and paving of Bluff
Road between West Coast Highway and 151h Street as early as feasible in order
to minimize dust generation by vehicles using the roadway.
MM 4.10 -7 Fugitive Dust — Street Sweeping. Prior to issuance of a grading permit, the
Landowner /Master Developer shall demonstrate to the City of Newport Beach
that construction documents require the construction contractors to sweep paved
roads within and adjacent to the Project site if visible soil materials are carried to
the streets. Street sweepers or roadway washing trucks shall comply with
SCAQMD Rule 1186 and shall use reclaimed water, if available.
MM 4.10 -8 Notification of Receptors. The Landowner /Master Developer shall distribute a
notice to all residents, schools, and other facilities within 100 feet of the Project
site that states the following or similar "the environmental analysis identifies a
potential for excess dust pollution for short periods during heavy grading. Extra
measures shall be taken to prevent the dust from leaving the Project site, but
persons should be aware of the potential for pollution ". This notice may be
combined with the notice described in MM 4.10 -9.
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MM 4.10 -9 Construction Complaint Resolution. The Landowner /Master Developer shall
appoint a person as a contact for complaints relative to construction impacts to
the adjacent neighborhoods. A contact telephone number and email address
shall be posted on signs at the construction site and shall be provided by mail to
all residents within 500 feet of the Project site. Upon receipt of a complaint, the
designated contact person shall investigate the complaint and shall develop
corrective action, if needed. The designated contact person shall respond to the
complainant within two working days to describe the results of the investigation,
and submit a report of the complaint and action taken to the City of Newport
Beach. The designated contact person shall maintain a log of all complaints and
resolutions.
MM 4.10 -10 Bicycle Facilities. Prior to the issuance of building permits for the following
specific components of the Project, the Applicant shall demonstrate to the City of
Newport Beach that:
a. The plans for multi - family residences shall identify the provision of a minimum
of one on -site bicycle space per ten dwelling units.
b. The plans for commercial development in the Mixed - use /Residential District
shall identify the provision of a minimum of 1 on -site bicycle space per 2,500
gross square feet (gsf) of commercial area.
c. The plans for resort inn and support commercial areas in the Visitor - Serving
Resort District (or visitor - serving commercial if the resort is not built) within
the Visitor - Serving Resort /Residential: Provide on -site bicycle rack(s) with a
minimum of 1 bicycle space per 2,500 gsf of the resort inn building
(or commercial square footage if the resort inn is not built).
d. Bicycle racks shall support the frame of the bike and not just one wheel; shall
allow the locking of the frame and one wheel to the rack; shall be easily
usable by both cable and U- locks; and shall be usable by a wide variety of
bikes, including those with water bottle cages and with and without
kickstands.
e. There shall be clear access routes from bike lanes to bicycle racks in order to
avoid riding through parking lots.
MM 4.10 -11 Conservation Education — Mobile Sources. The future homeowners
associations for Newport Banning Ranch shall be required to provide educational
information on mobile source emission reduction techniques (such as use of
alternative modes of transportation and zero- or low- emission vehicles) to all
homeowners as part of purchase closing documents for the purchase of a
property and annually after the close of escrow. The homeowners associations
shall provide an annual report of conservation educational materials distributed to
homeowners to the City of Newport Beach.
MM 4.10 -12 Conservation Education — Consumer Products. The future homeowners
associations for Newport Banning Ranch shall be required to provide educational
information on the positive benefits of using consumer products with low or no-
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (such as paint thinners and solvents) to all
homeowners as part of purchase closing documents for the purchase of a
property and annually after the close of escrow.
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4.10.9 LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE AFTER MITIGATION
The impacts listed below would be significant and unavoidable.
• Without mitigation, regional (mass) emissions of NOx are forecasted to exceed
applicable thresholds in some construction years. Though MM 4.10 -1 would reduce the
emissions to less than significant, the availability of sufficient Tier 4 diesel engine
construction equipment cannot be assured. Therefore, for purposes of this EIR, the
impacts are found to be significant and unavoidable.
• Long -term operational emissions of criteria pollutants would not exceed the SCAQMD
mass emissions thresholds from initial occupancy through 2020. However, as Project
development continues beyond 2020, emissions of VOC and CO would exceed the
significance thresholds, principally due to vehicle operations. Therefore, the impacts
remain significant and unavoidable. (Threshold 4.10 -2)
• The Project would have cumulatively considerable contributions to regional pollutant
concentrations of 03. (Threshold 4.10 -3)
All other impacts would be less than significant.
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TABLE 4.10 -19
SCAG REGIONAL POLICY CONSISTENCY ANALYSIS
Relevant Goals and Policies
Consistency Analysis
Regional Transportation Plan Core Goals
RTP G5 Protect the environment, improve air
The Project is consistent with this goal. To the degree
quality and promote energy efficiency.
feasible, the Project would reduce mobile emissions during
The Project is consistent with this goal. To the degree
construction and mobile emission sources. PDF 4.10 -1
feasible, the Project would reduce mobile emissions during
provides for commercial uses in the Mixed - Use /Residential
construction and mobile emission sources. The measures
and Visitor - Serving Resort/Residential Land Use Districts
described for policies NR 6.1, NR 6.2, NR 6.5, NR 6.9, and
within walking distance of the proposed residential
CE 6.2.1 all contribute to vehicle trip reduction during
neighborhoods and nearby residential areas to reduce
construction and operations.
vehicle trips and vehicle miles traveled PDF 4.10 -2 provides
NR Policy 6.1: Walkable Neighborhoods
a network of public pedestrian and bicycle trails to reduce
Provide for walkable neighborhoods to reduce
auto- dependency by connecting proposed residential
vehicle trips by siting amenities such as services,
neighborhoods to parks and open space within the Project
parks, and schools in close proximity to residential
site and to off -site recreational amenities, such as the beach
areas
and regional parks and trails.. MM 4.10 -10 would
supplement those facilities by mandating the provision of
bicycle facilities on the Project site. PDF 4.8 -3 provides a
pedestrian bridge from the Project site to a location south of
west coast highway to encourage walking and bicycling to
and from the beach.
The Project also includes provisions to promote energy
efficiency. For instance, PDF 4.11 -1 provides that the
Project will be consistent with a recognized green building
program.
TABLE 4.10 -20
CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH GENERAL PLAN CONSISTENCY ANALYSIS
City of Newport Beach General Plan
Relevant Goals, Policies, and Programs
Consistency Analysis
Natural Resources Element
Natural Resources Element Goal NR 6
Reduced mobile source emissions.
The Project is consistent with this goal. To the degree
feasible, the Project would reduce mobile emissions during
construction and mobile emission sources. The measures
described for policies NR 6.1, NR 6.2, NR 6.5, NR 6.9, and
CE 6.2.1 all contribute to vehicle trip reduction during
construction and operations.
Policies
NR Policy 6.1: Walkable Neighborhoods
The Project is consistent with this policy. PDF 4.10 -1
Provide for walkable neighborhoods to reduce
provides for commercial uses in the Mixed - Use /Residential
vehicle trips by siting amenities such as services,
and Visitor - Serving Resort/Residential Land Use Districts
parks, and schools in close proximity to residential
within walking distance of the proposed residential
areas
neighborhoods and nearby residential areas. PDF 4.10 -2
provides a network of public pedestrian and /or bicycle trails
to reduce auto dependency, thereby creating walkable
neighborhoods. MM 4.10 -10 would supplement those
facilities by mandating the provision of bicycle facilities. PDF
4.8 -3 provides a pedestrian bridge over West Coast Highway
if permitted by governing agencies, which would further
improve walkability.
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
TABLE 4.10 -20 (Continued)
CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH GENERAL PLAN CONSISTENCY ANALYSIS
City of Newport Beach General Plan
Relevant Goals, Policies, and Programs
Consistency Analysis
NR Policy 6.2: Mixed -Use Development
The Project is consistent with this policy. The Project's Urban
Support mixed -use development consisting of
Colony is a mixed -use development. See PDF 4.10 -1.
commercial or office with residential uses in
accordance with the Land Use Element that
increases the opportunity for residents to live in
proximity to jobs, services, and entertainment.
NR Policy 6.3: Vehicle -Trip Reduction Measures
The Project is consistent with this policy. The measures
Support measures to reduce vehicle -trip generation
described for policies NR 6.1, NR 6.2, NR 6.5, NR 6.9, and
such as at -work day care facilities, and on -site
CE 6.2.1 all contribute to vehicle trip reduction. In addition,
automated banking machines.
the Project would provide opportunities for advanced
communications technology (telecommuting) since fiber -optic
lines would be installed to all homes as part of the Green and
Sustainable Program included in the Newport Banning
Ranch Master Development Plan on file at the City of
Newport Beach and available for review during regular
business hours.
Policy NR 6.9 Education on Mobile Source
The Project is consistent with this policy. MM 4.10 -11 would
Emission Reduction Techniques
provide educational materials about mobile source trip
Provide education to the public on mobile source
reduction and emissions reduction to homeowners at least
emission reduction techniques such as using
annually.
alternative modes of transportation.
Natural Resources Element Goal NR 7
Reduced air pollutant emissions from stationary
The Project is consistent with this goal. PDFs 4.11 -1, 4.11 -2,
sources.
and 4.11 -4 require obtaining LEED or National Green
Building certification or equivalent, exceeding 2008 Title 24
energy requirements, and installing visual energy metering in
residential units. These strategies would reduce emissions
from stationary sources consistent with NR policies 7.1 and
7.2 (below).
Policies
NR Policy 7.1: Fuel Efficient Equipment
The Project is consistent with this policy. Please refer to Goal
Support the use of fuel efficient heating equipment
NR 7 and Section 4.11, Climate Change, of this EIR.
and other appliances.
NR Policy 7.2: Source Emission Reduction Best
The Project is consistent with this policy. Please refer to Goal
Management Practices
NR 7 and Section 4.11, Climate Change, of this EIR.
Require the use of Best Management Practices
(BMP) to minimize pollution and to reduce source
emissions.
NR Policy 7.3: Incentives for Air Pollution
The Project is consistent with this policy. PDFs 4.11 -1,
Reduction
4.11 -2, and 4.114 that the Project be consistent with
Provide incentives to promote siting or to use clean
recognized green building programs that exist at the time of
air technologies and building materials (e.g., fuel
final Project approval such as, but not limited to, Build It
cell technologies, renewable energy sources, UV
Green, the U.S. Green Building Council's (USGBC's)
coatings, hydrogen fuel).
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design —
Neighborhood Development (LEED- ND TM), California Green
Builder, or National Association of Home Builders' National
Green Building Standard TM, exceeding 2008 Title 24 energy
requirements, and installing visual energy metering in
residential units. These strategies would reduce emissions
from stationary sources. Please also refer to Section 4.11 of
this EIR
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Section 4. 10
Air Quality
TABLE 4.10 -20 (Continued)
CITY OF NEWPORT BEACH GENERAL PLAN CONSISTENCY ANALYSIS
City of Newport Beach General Plan
Section 30253 Minimization of adverse impacts
Relevant Goals, Policies, and Programs
Consistency Analysis
Natural Resources Element Goal NR 8
Reduced air pollutant emissions from construction
The Project is consistent with this goal. SC 4.10 -1 requires
activities.
compliance with SCAQMD Rule 403, which provides
air pollution control district or the State Air
extensive construction dust control. SC 4.10 -2 and PDF
Resources Board as to each particular
4.11 -4 require building materials and coatings with low VOC
development.
emissions. MMs 4.10 -1 through 4.10 -8 provide additional
(d) Minimize energy consumption and vehicle
measures for construction equipment selection and
operations, site operations, ride sharing, and dust control to
miles traveled.
minimize emissions of NOx, PM10, PM2.5, and other
pollutants.
Policies
NR Policy 8.1: Management of Construction
The Project is consistent with this policy. Please refer to Goal
Activities to Reduce Air Pollution
NR 8.
Require developers to use and operate construction
equipment, use building materials and paints, and
control dust created by construction activities to
minimize air pollutants.
TABLE 4.10 -21
CALIFORNIA COASTAL ACT CONSISTENCY ANALYSIS
Relevant California Coastal Act Policies Consistency Analysis
Development
Section 30253 Minimization of adverse impacts
The Project is consistent with this policy. With respect to air
New development shall do all of the following:
quality requirements, the Project would be required to
(c) Be consistent with requirements imposed by an
comply with all mandated air district requirements. Additional
measures are set forth in this EIR to further reduce short-
air pollution control district or the State Air
term and long -term air quality emissions associated with this
Resources Board as to each particular
Project. Please refer to the Mitigation Program.
development.
(d) Minimize energy consumption and vehicle
As noted above, the Project includes several measures to
minimize air quality impacts, reduce VMT and to reduce
miles traveled.
energy consumption. See, e.g. Natural Resources (NR)
goals 7 and 8 and the associated policies.
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